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糞尿와 都市 廢棄物과의 混合處理에 대한 硏究 (Ⅰ) : 肥料化를 中心으로한 實驗室的 考察 Experimental study for the fertilization
金熙鐘,金相烈,金秀生,孫晋彦,金燦國,成周慶,吳英敏 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1977 硏究報告 Vol.1 No.1
우리나라에 있어서 都市廢棄物의 主인 糞尿와 固形廢棄物의 太宗인 無煙炭재를 同時에 效果的으로 處理할 수 있고 또한 堆肥化시킬 수 있는 好氣性 酸化方式의 最適條件을 얻기 위하여 生糞尿 및 煉炭재의 理化學的 및 生物學的 數値를 測定하고 이를 基礎로하여 上記 兩者를 混合處理 할수 있는 消化條件(溫度, 糞尿와 煉炭재의 配合比, 기타 固形物의 添加量, 注入되는 空氣量의 變化)에 따른 C.O.D., B.O.D.의 變化, 水分 및 電氣傳導度의 變化, 熱灼減量, N量의 變化 等을 硏究하였으며 이들 사이의 相關關係를 檢討하여 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 生糞尿에 固形廢棄物인 煉炭재나 紙類를 配合시켜 消化시키므로서 케이크속의 질소成分의 量을 增加 시킬수 있다. 2. 煉炭재의 配合은 糞尿의 消化速度를 增加 시킨다. 3. 糞尿의 處理를 위한 反應槽의 溫度는 50℃보다 60℃로 維持 시킬때 消化速度가 크다. 4. 反應槽의 溫度를 一定하게 했을때 空氣의 注入速度는 初期 反應時는 적게하고 後期 反應時는 크게 함이 效果的 이다. For the effective treatment and usable disposal of urban wastes in the area of Busan city, the composition of the nightsoil and anthracite bulky ash which is the main munic ipal solid wastes have been studied on the digestion of the compositive mixtures with the variable conditions that are ratio of compounding between nightsoil and ash, amount of solid additives and volume of air for the effective airation at 50, 65℃. The digestion has been detected by the physico-chemical and biological data; pH, specific gravity, content of moisture, C.O.D., B.O.D., electroconductance of the solution of the results, decrease of nition, and volume of total free nitrogen etc. The results are obtained as follows. 1) The characteristics of domestic nightsoil are different to the foreign data as table 5, but the data of anthracite ash almost are same except the composition of Fe₂O₃ and Al₂O₃. 2) Amount of total free nitrogen are increased by the digestion with the addition of solid waste, as effective absorption, to the nightsoil. 3) The digestion are accelerated by the compounding of ash, but the adding of sulfuric acid to fix the free ammonia reduced reaction. 4) The airation have to proceed slowly at initial step, and then endure enough volume of air at the later step.
Loss of EMP2 Inhibits Melanogenesis of MNT1 Melanoma Cells via Regulation of TRP-2
Enkhtaivan Enkhmend,Kim Hyun Ji,Kim Boram,Byun Hyung Jung,Yu Lu,Nguyen Tuan Minh,Nguyen Thi Ha,Do Phuong Anh,Kim Eun Ji,Kim Kyung Sung,Huy Hiệu Phùng,Rahman Mostafizur,Jang Ji Yun,Rho Seung Bae,이호,Kan 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.2
Melanogenesis is the production of melanin from tyrosine by a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, in which tyrosinase and DOPA oxidase play key roles. The melanin content in the skin determines skin pigmentation. Abnormalities in skin pigmentation lead to various skin pigmentation disorders. Recent research has shown that the expression of EMP2 is much lower in melanoma than in normal melanocytes, but its role in melanogenesis has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the role of EMP2 in the melanogenesis of MNT1 human melanoma cells. We examined TRP-1, TRP-2, and TYR expression levels during melanogenesis in MNT1 melanoma cells by gene silencing of EMP2. Western blot and RT-PCR results confirmed that the expression levels of TYR and TRP-2 were decreased when EMP2 expression was knocked down by EMP2 siRNA in MNT1 cells, and these changes were reversed when EMP2 was overexpressed. We verified the EMP2 gene was knocked out of the cell line (EMP2 CRISPR/Cas9) by using a CRISPR/Cas9 system and found that the expression levels of TRP-2 and TYR were significantly lower in the EMP2 CRISPR/Cas9 cell lines. Loss of EMP2 also reduced migration and invasion of MNT1 melanoma cells. In addition, the melanosome transfer from the melanocytes to keratinocytes in the EMP2 KO cells cocultured with keratinocytes was reduced compared to the cells in the control coculture group. In conclusion, these results suggest that EMP2 is involved in melanogenesis via the regulation of TRP-2 expression.
( Gyeoung Jin Kang ),( Jung Ho Park ),( Hyun Ji Kim ),( Eun Ji Kim ),( Boram Kim ),( Hyun Jung Byun ),( Lu Yu ),( Tuan Minh Nguyen ),( Thi Ha Nguyen ),( Kyung Sung Kim ),( Hiệu Phùng Huy ),( Mostafizu 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.4
Advanced or metastatic breast cancer affects multiple organs and is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Cancer metastasis is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal metastasis (EMT). However, the specific signals that induce and regulate EMT in carcinoma cells remain unclear. PRR16/Largen is a cell size regulator that is independent of mTOR and Hippo signalling pathways. However, little is known about the role PRR16 plays in the EMT process. We found that the expression of PRR16 was increased in mesenchymal breast cancer cell lines. PRR16 overexpression induced EMT in MCF7 breast cancer cells and enhances migration and invasion. To determine how PRR16 induces EMT, the binding proteins for PRR16 were screened, revealing that PRR16 binds to Abl interactor 2 (ABI2). We then investigated whether ABI2 is involved in EMT. Gene silencing of ABI2 induces EMT, leading to enhanced migration and invasion. ABI2 is a gene that codes for a protein that interacts with ABL proto-oncogene 1 (ABL1) kinase. Therefore, we investigated whether the change in ABI2 expression affected the activation of ABL1 kinase. The knockdown of ABI2 and PRR16 overexpression increased the phosphorylation of Y412 in ABL1 kinase. Our results suggest that PRR16 may be involved in EMT by binding to ABI2 and interfering with its inhibition of ABL1 kinase. This indicates that ABL1 kinase inhibitors may be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of PRR16-related breast cancer.
Staphylococcus lugdunensis에 의해 생산되는 δ-Like haemolysin
김성수,김정희 圓光大學校 齒科大學 學生會 1995 學生學術誌 Vol.2 No.1
Staphylococcus aureus, regarded as the most pathogenic species, produces four haem olysins (α, β, r,δ) but Staphylococcus lugdunensis only produces δ-like haemolysin. This experiment is desinged for revealing the difference between S. aureus and S. lu gdunensis with restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA. Hind III was used for restriction endonuclease and the difference between haemolysin producing S. lugdunensis and non-producing S. lugdunensis was also revealed. Therefore restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA might be used to diagnosis of inf ectious disease.
金熙鍾,金燦國,孫晋彦,金相烈 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1979 硏究報告 Vol.3 No.1
球型反應器와 氣泡塔反應器內에서 糞尿와 煉炭재를 混合合成하여, 肥料化함에 알맞은 消化條件을 糞尿溶液의 物性(稀釋倍率, 表面張力 및 返送汚泥의 混合比率), 煉炭재의 特性, 曝氣流速, 消化中空氣의 가스홀드엎 및 消化時間等의 變化에 따라 硏究하였다. 또한 消化速度에 미치는 두 反應器의 特性을 상호 비교하였으며 이들 인자사이의 상호관계를 檢討하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 消化溶液의 表面張力變化에 의해 反應速度의 測定이 可能하였으며, 이는 BOD法이나 COD方法보다는 짧은 時間內에 간단히 측정할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 2. 球型反應器와 같이 원통형 氣泡塔內에서도 연탄재의 粒子가 클수록 反應速度가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 3. 원통형 氣泡塔內에서는 희석배율이 5배일때가 더 경제적이다. 4. 분산판의 구멍의 지름이 0.9㎜이하에서는 지름이 적을수록 반응의 완결도와 가스홀드엎이 크게 나타났으며, 0.9㎜ 이상에서는 구멍의 크기가 거의 영향을 받지 않는다. The appropriative condition of digestion for the compost of anthracite ash and nightsoil in ball-type reactor and bubble column reactor, according to the ratio of dilution and surface tension of nightsoil solution, the compounding ratio of the treated nightsoil charactor of ash, velocity of aeration, gas holdup during the digestion and the time of reaction, have studied. The different charactor between two reactor which have an effect on degree of completion of reaction and the relation among various factors has been investigated as the following results. ⅰ) The degree of completion of digestion was more conveniently measured by mean of a change in surface tension of nightsoil solution than BOD or COD measurement. ⅱ) The particle size of ash accelated to the degree of completion of digestion in bubble column likewise ball-type reactor. ⅲ) The optimun ratio of dilution economically is 5 times in bubble column. ⅳ) Below 0.9㎜ of hole diameter of distributor, degestion and gas hold up were in inverse proportion to the diameter of hole, but above 0.9㎜ the size of diameter have not an effect an digestion.