Plenary Lectures 2 : Engineering, characterization and structures of new and improved proteins for research and therapy

( Barry L. Stoddard ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2004 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Promising Pharmacological Directions in the World of Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling

( Nicole C Stoddard ),( Jerold Chun ) 한국응용약물학회 2015 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.23 No.1

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a signaling lipid that binds to six known lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs), named LPA1- LPA6. These receptors initiate signaling cascades relevant to development, maintenance, and healing processes throughout the body. The diversity and specificity of LPA signaling, especially in relation to cancer and autoimmune disorders, makes LPA receptor modulation an attractive target for drug development. Several LPAR-specific analogues and small molecules have been synthesized and are efficacious in attenuating pathology in disease models. To date, at least three compounds have passed phase I and phase II clinical trials for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis. This review focuses on the promising therapeutic directions emerging in LPA signaling toward ameliorating several diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, arthritis, hydrocephalus, and traumatic injury.

소에 있어서의 불소중독증

Greenwood, D A,Shupe, J L,Stoddard, G E,Harris, L E,Nielsen, H M,Olson, L E 한국영양사료학회 1980 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.4 No.1

Clinical fluorosis in livestock was unequivocally diagnosed in Utah for the first time in 1951. In and effort to define and evaluate the fluorosis situation in Utah, personnel of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station began a series of investigations. Initial projects were designed to determine the extent and distribution of fluorosis in plants and animals in several areas of Utah, and to investigate the fluorine content of water and animal feeds. A number of different studies on the biological effects of fluorine compounds on animals and plants were subsequently made by Utah State University scientists. Some of the work was done in collaboration with representatives of the Columbia Geneca Division of the United States Steel Corporation; the Stanford Research Institute; and with Agricultural Experiment Station personnel from California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin. Several sources of fluorides were recognized as possible contributors to livestock ingestion. The most probable sources of the excessive intake in Utah were considered to be: (1) forages subjected to airborne contamination in areas near certain industrial operations that heat fluorine-containing materials to high temperatures and expel fluorides, (2) drinking water high in fluoride content, (3) feed supplements and mineral mixtures high in fluoride content, and (4) vegetation growing on soils high in fluoride content. Particular emphasis in the Utah studied was given to investigating the biological effects of feeding flurine, in the combined or fluoride form, to dairy cattle. A review of reported fluorosis research, as summarized and evaluated by the National Research Council (1960), revealed that Hoffman and Reed (1930) and Reed and Hoffman (1934), Suttie et al, (1957a and b. 1959,m and 1961). Hobbs et al. (1954 and 1962) Schmidt et al. (1954), and Newell et al. (1958) had started animals on experiment when they were one, two, or more years old. Animals in endemic fluorosis areas, however, would logically be exposed to fluoride intakes throughout most of their life-span. The major Utah controlled experiment, therefore, was designed to study the effects of such lifetime exposure. Under field conditions, fluoride intakes will vary from time to time even among aminals in the same herd; however, in the Utah experiments, fluoride intakes were maintained at relatively constant levels throughout the trials. This fact must be borne in mind when extrapolating the experiments involved beef cattle (Bell et al., 1961), sheep (Harris et al., 1958 and 1963), turkeys (Anderson et al., 1955), fish (Angelovic et al., 1961 ; Neuhold and Sigler, 1960 and 1962; and unpublished data), and big game (J. B. Low unpublished data). In addition, thousands of field cases of fluorosis in livestock were observed over a 12-year period, and more than 200 beef and dairy animals of different ages with varying degrees of fluorosis were neeropsied. Data from the controlled experiments have been recorded in appropriate technical journals Harris et al., J. Animal Sci. in press 1964; Mangelson , 1963; Miller and Shupe, 1962; Olson et al., 1958; Shupe et al., 1955, 1962, 1963a, 1963b; Stoddard et al., 1963a, 1963b). It seemed advisable, however, to unite the information derived from the Utah projects on fluorosis in cattle into one comprehensive report. This publication is such a presentation.

Adoption and Implementation of Tobacco Control Policies in Schools in India: Results of the Bihar School Teachers Study

Mathur, N,Pednekar, MS,Sorensen, GS,Nagler, EM,Stoddard, AM,Lando, HA,Aghi, MB,Sinha, DN,Gupta, PC Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.6

Implementation of no tobacco policies in schools is associated with lower tobacco use among teachers and students. In this study we assessed the extent that a school-based intervention for teachers resulted in adoption and implementation of tobacco control policies. From a random sample of government schools ($8^{th}-10^{th}$), 72 were randomized into intervention and control conditions. Intervention included health education programs for teachers and support for tobacco control policy implementation. Adoption and implementation of policies were assessed at baseline and immediately after intervention. All 36 intervention and one control school adopted a tobacco-control policy. Higher enforcement of tobacco-control policy was at post intervention (OR=3.26; CI: 2.35, 4.54) compared to baseline in intervention schools. Some 64% of intervention and 28% control schools showed "improvement" in policy implementation. Adoption and implementation of no tobacco policies was positively impacted by intervention. This study provides support for scaling up of school-based tobacco control interventions to promote school tobacco control policies.

Obesity and Baseline Estradiol Levels Are Independent Predictors for Initiation of Anastrozole in Hypogonadal Men on Clomiphene Citrate

Sorena Keihani,Nathan J. Alder,Philip J. Cheng,Gregory J. Stoddard,Alexander W. Pastuszak,James M. Hotaling 대한남성과학회 2020 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: To assess the conversion rate from clomiphene citrate (CC) monotherapy to combination CC+anastrozole (AZ) therapy in hypogonadal men and the predictors associated with the initiation of AZ. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of records from hypogonadal men treated with CC in a single fertility center was performed from 2013 to 2018. Patient age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and reproductive hormones were obtained at baseline. Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m2. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictors of switching to combination CC+AZ therapy. Results: A total of 318 men on CC were included. Median (interquartile range) age was 34 years (30–39 years) and patients were followed for a median of 9 months (4–17 months). Of these, 97 (30.5%) were started on CC+AZ therapy. These patients had higher baseline BMI and estradiol, which in multivariable regression were significant predictors for switching to CC+AZ therapy. A threshold of 18.5 pg/mL for baseline estradiol provided the highest accuracy for predicting the addition of AZ after adjusting for baseline BMI and total testosterone levels. Conclusions: In our practice, following CC monotherapy, 30% of men were initiated on CC+AZ. Obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) and baseline estradiol ≥18.5 pg/mL can predict the conversion to combination therapy with addition of AZ. This information can be used to counsel patients and also help to identify patients who can be started on combination therapy upfront.

A Nationwide Analysis Evaluating the Safety of Using Acellular Dermal Matrix with Tissue Expander-Based Breast Reconstruction

Jessica Luo,Whitney D. Moss,Giovanna R. Pires,Irfan A. Rhemtulla,Megan Rosales,Gregory J. Stoddard,Jayant P. Agarwal,Alvin C. Kwok 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.6

Background In March 2021, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) safety communication cautioned against the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) products in breast reconstruction and reiterated that the FDA does not approve ADM use in breast surgery. This study aims to assess the safety of ADM use in breast reconstruction. Methods Women who underwent ADM and non-ADM assisted tissue expander (TE)- based breast reconstruction were identified using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2012–2019). Trends of ADM use over time, and 30-day outcomes of surgical site infection (SSI), dehiscence, and unplanned reoperation were assessed. Results Of the 49,049 TE-based breast reconstructive cases, 42.4% were ADM assisted and 57.6% non-ADM assisted. From 2012 to 2019, the use of ADM increased from 26.1 to 55.6% (relative risk [RR] ¼1.10; p<0.01). Higher rates of SSI (3.9 vs. 3.4%; p¼0.003) and reoperation (7.4 vs. 6.0%; p<0.001) were seen in the ADM cohort. There was no significant difference seen in dehiscence rates (0.7 vs. 0.7%; p¼0.73). The most common reoperation within 30 days for the ADM group (17.6%) was removal of TE without insertion of implant (current procedural terminology: 11,971). ADM-assisted breast reconstruction was associated with increased relative risk of SSI by 10% (RR¼1.10, confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.21; p¼0.03) and reoperation by 15% (RR¼1.15, CI: 1.08–1.23; p<0.001). Conclusions ADM-assisted breast reconstruction more than doubled from 2012 to 2019. There are statistically higher complication rates of SSI (0.5%) and reoperation (1.4%) with ADM use in TE-based breast reconstruction, suggesting that reconstruction without ADM is safe when comparing immediate postoperative outcomes.