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폴스티븐스 ( R. Paul Stevens ) 밴쿠버기독교세계관대학원 2020 통합연구 Vol.22 No.2
변화는 항상 일어나고 있지만, 이번 전염병 대유행은 교육, 의료, 교회 생활, 신학 교육, 특히 본 연구의 주제인 일, 직장인 및 일터와 같은 많은 분야의 변화를 가속화시켰다. 현재 많은 직장인들이 실업상태이며, 이전 직장으로 돌아가지 못할 수 있다. 로봇과 AI에 대한 의존도가 높아지면서 노동 자체가 변화하고 있다. 그리고 그런 일터 자체는 가정에 기반을 둔 많은 사람들에게 산업화 이전의 현실로 돌아가게 한다. 그러나 지금은 일의 의미를 되돌아볼 수 있는 중요한 시간이다. 이를 위해 필자는 그 운동이 대체로 교회를 우회했던 그 방식을 포함하여 신앙과 일 운동을 검토하고자 한다. 이것은 우리들로 하여금 예수님의 중심 메시지, 즉 하나님 나라에서, 하나님 나라를 위해 일하는 것에 대한 특별한 언급과 더불어 하나님 나라를 검토하게 한다. 이런 맥락에서 우리는 하나님 나라가 전적으로 하나님의 일인지, 아니면 일상의 일에서 우리가 하나님 나라를 도래하도록 선포하고 일하는 것을 통해 하나님과 더불어 일할 수 있는지에 대한 어려운 질문을 살펴본다. 마지막으로 본 논문은 이 모든 것이 매우 어려운 현재 상황에 대해 갖는 의미가 무엇인지를 살펴보고자 한다. While change is always taking place, the pandemic has accelerated the change in many fields, education, health care, church life, theological education and more particularly with work, workers and workplaces, the subject of this study. Many workers are unemployed and may not be able to return to their old jobs. Work itself is changing with greater reliance on robots and AI. And the workplace itself is, for many grounded in the home, a return to preindustrial reality. Yet is a great time, an important time, to examine the meaning of work. To this end I review the faith and work movement, including the way the movement has largely bypassed the church. This leads to examining the central message of Jesus, namely the kingdom of God with special reference to working in and for the kingdom. In this context we examine the vexed question of whether the kingdom is entirely the work of God or whether we in our daily work can work with God in bringing in the kingdom, by announcement and by daily work. Finally the essay returns to the meaning of all this for this very challenging present moment.
( Paul Kwo ),( Stefan Zeuzem ),( Steven L. Flamm ),( Myron Tong ),( John M Vierling ),( Stephen Pianko ),( Peter Buggisch ),( Victor de Lédinghen ),( Robert H. Hyland ),( Xiaoru Wu ),( Evguenia S. Sva 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: DAAs provide safe and highly efficacious therapies for HCV infection. However, the small proportion of patients who do not achieve a sustained virologic response with DAA-based regimens represent a population with an unmet medical need. Sofosbuvir(SOF) and velpatasvir(VEL) are pangenotypic inhibitors of the HCV NS5B and NS5A proteins, respectively, and voxilaprevir(VOX) is a pangenotypic HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor. This study evaluates treatment with a SOF/VEL/VOX for 12weeks and a SOF/VEL for 12weeks as salvage regimens in DAA-experienced patients who had not previously received an NS5A inhibitor. Methods: Patients with genotypes 1-3 were randomized 1:1 to receive open-label SOF/VEL/VOX or SOF/VEL for 12weeks, stratified according to genotype and cirrhosis status. Patients of all other genotypes were assigned to receive SOF/VEL/VOX for 12weeks. DAA-experienced patients who previously were treated with an NS5A inhibitor or with only an NS3/4A protease inhibitor in combination with ribavirin and Peg-IFN were excluded. The primary endpoint evaluates the superiority of the SVR12 of each treatment to a prespecified goal of 85%. Results: Of the 333 patients who were randomized and treated, 77% were male, 19% had the IL28B CC genotype, 46% had compensated cirrhosis and 43% had genotype 1 infection. Most patients had prior DAA experience with either an NS5B inhibitor alone(73%) or an N5SB inhibitor and an NS3/4A protease inhibitor(25%); the most common prior treatment regimens were SOF with ribavirin ±Peg-IFN and SOF combined with simeprevir. Treatment was well tolerated.No SAE was assessed to be attributable to study drug. Overall, SVR12 was achieved in 97%(177/182) of patients treated with SOF/VEL/VOX and 90%(136/151) patients treated with SOF/VEL. SOF/VEL/VOX met the prespecified 85% SVR12 performance goal(p<0.001); SOF/VEL did not. Conclusions: SOF/VEL/VOX for 12 weeks provides a safe, well tolerated and effective retreatment options for patients who did not previously achieve SVR following treatment with non-NS5A inhibitor-containing DAA regimens.
Steven Thomas Heidt,Philip King-Hung Louie,Jannat M. Khan,Bryce A. Basques,Brandon Hirsch,Arya Varthi,Justin C. Paul,Edward J. Goldberg,Howard S. An 대한척추신경외과학회 2019 Neurospine Vol.16 No.3
Objective: Current literature has not shown if using either allograft or autograft differentially affects postoperative cervical sagittal parameters. The goal of this study was to compare sagittal alignment and patient-reported outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with allograft versus autograft. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of patients who underwent single-level ACDF was conducted. Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and final follow-up radiographic assessments were conducted and included: change in C2–7 lordosis, T1 slope, levels fused, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), fusion mass lordosis, and proximal and distal adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). Patient-reported outcomes were obtained using the Neck Disability Index and visual analogue scale scores for neck and arm. Results: A total of 404 patients were assessed; 353 using allograft and 51 using autograft. No significant differences existed in demographics. Cervical lordosis improved in both groups without significant changes in SVA. Autograft group had a significantly greater amount of lordosis at the proximal segment on immediate postoperative radiographs and less overall cervical lordosis at final follow-up. Sagittal parameters were similar at each time point without significant changes between the 3-time points. No significant differences existed in radiographic ASD or reoperation rates. Fusion rates exceeded 96% in both groups. No significant differences existed between preoperative, postoperative, or change in patient-reported outcomes between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Sagittal alignment is maintained following ACDF when using either allograft or autograft. Radiographic evidence of ASD is present in both groups; however, this was not considered clinically significant, given low rates of pseudarthrosis or reoperation. No significant differences exist between groups in terms of patient-reported outcomes.
Multiferroicity in doped hexagonalLuFeO3
Disseler, Steven M.,Luo, Xuan,Gao, Bin,Oh, Yoon Seok,Hu, Rongwei,Wang, Yazhong,Quintana, Dylan,Zhang, Alexander,Huang, Qingzhen,Lau, June,Paul, Rick,Lynn, Jeffrey W.,Cheong, Sang-Wook,Ratcliff, Willia American Physical Society 2015 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.92 No.5
High frequency <i>in situ</i> fatigue response of Ni-base superalloy René-N5 microcrystals
Lavenstein, Steven,Crawford, Bryan,Sim, Gi-Dong,Shade, Paul A.,Woodward, Christopher,El-Awady, Jaafar A. Elsevier 2018 Acta materialia Vol.144 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A novel <I>in situ</I> scanning electron microscope (SEM), high frequency fatigue testing methodology is developed using a combination of laser milling, focused ion beam fabrication and nanoindentation. This methodology is used to investigate crack initiation, propagation, fracture, fatigue life, and the mechanical response of microcantilever samples of a Ni-based superalloy (René-N5) under different cyclic strain amplitudes. The crack initiation and propagation in the microcantilever is monitored by observing changes in the beam's dynamic stiffness and continuous SEM imaging. The dynamic stiffness response of the micro-beams exhibits a transition from softening to hardening at a critical strain amplitude of 7 × <SUP> 10 − 3 </SUP> . Theoretical analysis indicates that this transition corresponds to the stress required to shear <SUP> γ ′ </SUP> precipitates. SEM imaging reveals the evolution of significant extrusions, intrusions, and slip traces during cyclic loading above this critical strain amplitude. Below this strain amplitude, very little surface roughening is observed. In addition, the measured dynamic stiffness is observed to exhibit two regimes of decrease after crack initiation. These two regimes correspond to short and large crack propagation. Finally, an overall increase in fatigue life is observed when comparing to bulk scale experiments on nickel-base superalloys. It is proposed that this is an inherent size effect in the small-volume, single crystal specimens tested.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Okagbare, Paul I.,Soper, Steven Allan WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Electrophoresis Vol.31 No.18
<P>Microfluidics represents a viable platform for performing high throughput screening (HTS) because of its ability to automate fluid handling and generate fluidic networks with high number densities over small footprints appropriate for the simultaneous optical interrogation of many screening assays. While most HTS campaigns depend on fluorescence, readers typically use point detection and serially address the assay results significantly lowering throughput or detection sensitivity due to a low duty cycle. To address this challenge, we present here the fabrication of a high-density microfluidic network packed into the imaging area of a large field-of-view (FoV) ultrasensitive fluorescence detection system. The fluidic channels were 1, 5 or 10 μm (width), 1 μm (depth) with a pitch of 1–10 μm and each fluidic processor was individually addressable. The fluidic chip was produced from a molding tool using hot embossing and thermal fusion bonding to enclose the fluidic channels. A 40× microscope objective (numerical aperture=0.75) created an FoV of 200 μm, providing the ability to interrogate ∼25 channels using the current fluidic configuration. An ultrasensitive fluorescence detection system with a large FoV was used to transduce fluorescence signals simultaneously from each fluidic processor onto the active area of an electron multiplying charge-coupled device. The utility of these multichannel networks for HTS was demonstrated by carrying out the high throughput monitoring of the activity of an enzyme, apurinic Endonuclease 1, used as a model-screening assay.</P>
No retreat from the heat: temperature-related risk of violent assault is increased by being inside
Heather R. Stevens,Petra L. Graham,Paul J. Beggs,Ivan C. Hanigan 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2024 도시과학국제저널 Vol.28 No.1
Studies finding an association between increasing temperature and violent crime have largely overlooked the potential effect modification of crime location. This study analysed 13 years of reported violent crime to investigate if there is a relationship between daily ambient temperature and crime type (domestic, non-domestic and sexual assault), and how this differs by whether the crime occurred inside or out. We found that predicted daily counts of domestic violence increased with temperature, and this association was greater for locations inside. Non-domestic assaults also increased with higher temperature, however when compared by location the incidents that occurred outside rose to around 30°C then plateaued while inside the risk continued to rise. Sexual assault peaked and then declined at around 30°C in inside and outside locations. The findings support the development of prevention and preparedness strategies by considering how the complex drivers behind the temperature–aggression association are modified by the location where it occurred.