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Tae, Giyoong,Scatena, Marta,Stayton, Patrick S.,Hoffman, Allan S. Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2006 Journal of biomaterials science, Polymer edition Vol.17 No.1
<P>An affinity-based controlled release system for growth factors having heparin-binding domains was prepared using a cross-linked heparin gel. The heparin gel was made by reacting hydrazide-functionalized heparin (Hep-ADH) with the N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester of poly(ethylene glycol)-bis-butanoic acid (SBA-PEG-SBA). The degree of cross-linking could be controlled by defining the stoichiometry of hydrazide modification and the PEG cross-linker addition. The release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was characterized as a heparin-binding growth factor. VEGF was directly injected into the heparin gel and the loaded VEGF displayed a slow, controlled release over 3 weeks with little initial burst phase. The biological activity of the released VEGF was measured with a proliferation assay utilizing human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The released VEGF maintained its biological activity at all time points investigated. The heparin gel with loaded VEGF was implanted sub-cutaneously in the dorsal region of mice. A significantly increased density of the endothelial cell marker platelet endothelial adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) was observed in histological specimens of the tissues surrounding the implanted gel.</P>
John R. Richards,Taylor L. Stayton,Jason A. Wells,Aman K. Parikh,Erik G. Laurin 대한응급의학회 2018 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.5 No.4
Objective Determine differences between faculty, residents, and nurses regarding night shift preparation, performance, recovery, and perception of emotional and physical health effects. Methods Survey study performed at an urban university medical center emergency department with an accredited residency program in emergency medicine. Results Forty-seven faculty, 37 residents, and 90 nurses completed the survey. There was no difference in use of physical sleep aids between groups, except nurses utilized blackout curtains more (69%) than residents (60%) and faculty (45%). Bedroom temperature preference was similar. The routine use of pharmacologic sleep aids differed: nurses and residents (both 38%) compared to faculty (13%). Residents routinely used melatonin more (79%) than did faculty (33%) and nurses (38%). Faculty preferred not to eat (45%), whereas residents (24%) preferred a full meal. The majority (>72%) in all groups drank coffee before their night shift and reported feeling tired despite their routine, with 4:00 a.m. as median nadir. Faculty reported a higher rate (41%) of falling asleep while driving compared to residents (14%) and nurses (32%), but the accident rate (3% to 6%) did not differ significantly. All had similar opinions regarding night shift-associated health effects. However, faculty reported lower level of satisfaction working night shifts, whereas nurses agreed less than the other groups regarding increased risk of drug and alcohol dependence. Conclusion Faculty, residents, and nurses shared many characteristics. Faculty tended to not use pharmacologic sleep aids, not eat before their shift, fall asleep at a higher rate while driving home, and enjoy night shift work less.
Heparin-regulated delivery of osteoprotegerin promotes vascularization of implanted hydrogels
McGonigle, Joseph S.,Tae, Giyoong,Stayton, Patrick S.,Hoffman, Allan S.,Scatena, Marta Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2008 Journal of biomaterials science, Polymer edition Vol.19 No.8
<P>Localized, controlled delivery of pro-angiogenic agents is an important component of therapies for chronic wound treatment and regenerative medicine. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily member has recently been shown to be pro-angiogenic in vitro, and we hypothesized that controlled delivery of OPG could induce angiogenesis in vivo. OPG contains a highly basic heparin-binding domain, suggesting that affinity interactions could be used to control the rate of its ion-exchange-driven release from drug-delivery devices. Here, we describe the use of a hydrogel consisting of thiol-modified heparin which can be readily and controllably cross-linked using a bi-functional PEG-diacrylate. These hydrogels were found to retain between 750 and 900 ng of immunoreactive OPG for up to 500 h in in vitro release studies. OPG containing hydrogels were evaluated in a subcutaneous mouse implant model, and exhibited little degradation and retained OPG as indicated by immunohistochemistry at 2 weeks post-implantation. Immunohistochemical analysis of implanted gels indicated that OPG induced nearly a 2-fold increase in vascular density in the surrounding foreign body capsule. These results suggest that the controlled delivery of OPG can stimulate angiogenesis in vivo and may be of use for wound healing therapies as well as other inflammatory and bone disorders in which OPG plays a role.</P>