CH₄ mixing ratios at microbar pressure levels of Jupiter as constrained by 3-micron ISO data

Kim, S.J.,Sim, C.K.,Sohn, M.R.,Moses, J.I. Academic Press 2014 Icarus Vol.237 No.-

Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data of Jupiter are revisited in order to derive CH<SUB>4</SUB> mixing ratios at microbar pressures in the atmosphere. We utilize the most updated radiative transfer programs to construct a 3-μm emission model of CH<SUB>4</SUB> to be compared with the ISO data. From the model-data comparisons, we derive the high-altitude CH<SUB>4</SUB> mixing ratios, which turn out to be at least 10 times smaller than the microbar CH<SUB>4</SUB> mixing ratios assumed in the Galileo probe analysis (Seiff, A. et al., 1998. Thermal structure of Jupiter's atmosphere near the edge of a 5-μm hot spot in the north equatorial belt. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 22857-22889. doi:10.1029/98JE01766), but which are approximately consistent with ultraviolet airglow observations and with available photochemical models that assume relatively weak atmospheric mixing. We also compare the derived CH<SUB>4</SUB> profile with results from other investigations reported in literature and discuss the implications with respect to photochemistry and vertical transport in the stratosphere of Jupiter.

Characterization of indoor air quality and efficiency of air purifier in childcare centers, Korea

Oh, H.J.,Nam, I.S.,Yun, H.,Kim, J.,Yang, J.,Sohn, J.R. Elsevier Science [etc.] 2014 Building and environment Vol.82 No.-

Particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from inside ten childcare centers, and from their adjacent outdoor environments in Seoul, Korea during the summer, autumn and winter seasons. The concentrations and distribution of microbial size of the airborne bacteria and fungi in bio-aerosols were also investigated. The average indoor concentrations of fine particles less than 2.5 μm (PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>) in the residential areas ranged from 37.1 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> (+/-5.8 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) to 45.2 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> (+/-5.3 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>), while indoor PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentrations in centers with roadways nearby ranged from 48.9 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> (+/-9.5 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) to 52.9 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> (+/-7.7 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>), and up to 51.1 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> (+/-6.4 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) in residential areas located near construction sites. The concentrations of particulate matter indoor in childcare centers were correlated with the corresponding outdoor locations, in residential areas (R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.64 for PM<SUB>10</SUB> and 0.66 for PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>), near roadways (R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.72 for PM<SUB>10</SUB> and 0.76 for PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>), and near construction areas (R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.45 for PM<SUB>10</SUB> and 0.62 for PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>). The distribution of bio-aerosols showed that 69.4% to 78.1% of the airborne bacteria in the outdoor environments existed in stages 1-3 (over 3.3 μm), while from 59.2% to 78.6% existed in stages 2-4 (2.1-7.0 μm) inside the childcare centers. When the efficiency of air purifiers was compared with the location and characteristics of the indoor of child care centers, the removal efficiency of particulate matter with new data that may characterize indoor air quality.

사과의 감압저장법의 개발

손태화,윤형식,홍순영,서정훈,김광수,박용태,이갑랑,권태종 慶北大學校 生産技術硏究所 1970 生産技術 Vol.4 No.-

Rolls, Janathan, and American Summer Pearmain were used in this experiment. This experiment was conducted under 0˚ and 20℃ at subatmospheric pressure, respectively. we found to examine physiological changes of apple under storage and the rate of respiration of apple in order to decide the time of harvesting. The summary results were as follows. A. Physiological Changes of Apples Stored Under Reduced Atmospheric Pressure. 1. Rate of Respiration (1) Lower rates of respiration were observed under reduced atmospheric pressure than under normal atmospheric pressure other storage conditions being equal. (2) American Summer Pearmain apples showed the biggest rate of respiration, followed by Jonathan apples. Rolls apples showed the smallest rate of respiration among three varieties. (3) The rate of respiration of apples stored under reduced atmospheric pressure changed less remarkably than that of apples stored under normal atmospheric pressure when these apples were taken out of the storage rooms, and their surrounding temperature and atmospheric pressure were changed. (4) change of the rate of respiration was more marked in an O^2-chamber than in an air-chamber. A serious physiological breakdown was observed in a N_2-chamber and in a CO_2-chamber. 2. Production of Ethylene (1) The action of ethylene as a ripening hormone for apples was supressed by reducing the atmospheric pressure of the storage chamber. (2) The order of amount of ethylene production was American summer Pearmain, Jonathan, and Rolls. The ethylene production was larger under reduced atmospheric pressure than under normal atmospheric pressure without respect to the variety of apples. (3) Ethylene production of apples was reduced by lowering the temperature of the storage chamber (4) The rate of ethylene formation increased markedly when apples were stored in a cold chamber and than the temperature and atmospheric pressure were changed. This phenomenon, however, was less marked for the apples stored in the reduced atmospheric pressure chamber than for those in the normal atmospheric pressure chamber. (5) The ethylene production in the O_2-storage chamber was about 80 times as large as that in air-storage chamber at 20℃. The rate of ethylene production reached a maximum in 12 days in the O_2-chamber, but the ethylene production increased continuously in the air-chamber. In the N_2-chamber and the CO_2-chamber ethylene production was small. Generally the ethylene concentration in the atmosphere of the storage chamber was smaller under reduced atmospheric pressure than under normal atmospheric pressure. 3. Acidity Acidity was lowered from 0.68% to 0.36%, 0.50%, or 0.56% when Jonathans were stored in an uncontrolled atmospheric chamber, a cold and uncontrolled atmospheric pressure chamber, and a cold and reduced atmospheric pressure chamber respectively. 4. Change of Weight Decrease in weight under the same conditions as the above 3, was 6.2%, 3.6% and 2.8% when stored in an uncontrolled chamber, in a cold and uncontrolled atmospheric pressure, chamber, and in a cold and reduced atmospheric pressure chamber respectively. 5. Decaying Decaying ratio showed also the same order as 4, and was 18.5%, 7.4%, and 3.6% in an uncontrolled chamber, in a cold and uncontrolled atmospheric pressure chamber, and in a cold and reduced atmospheric pressure chamber respectively. 6. Enzyme Activity (1) Catecholase activity of apples decreased with storage duration. (2) The order of catecholase activity was Rolls, American summer Pearmain and Jonathan. (3) Catecholase activity was higher in apples stored under reduced atmospheric pressure than in those stored under normal atmospheric pressure regardless of the variety. B. Preliminary Investigations for Practical Uses 1. It is possible to calculate the concentration of carbon dioxide in a storage chamber atmosphers since the rate of carbon dioxide production was almost constant according to the storage conditions. Therefore the storage chamber was successfully maintained at 5% carbon dioxide by controlling ventilation. 2. With a simple automatic controller, the storage chamber atmosphere was maintained at an appropriate reduced pressure. 3. Poly ethylene film, which is most permeable for gases among several common plastic films, was found to be adoptable as an apple wrapper for reduced atmospheric pressure storage. C. Investigation of the Time of Harvest Observations of the rate of respiration of apple during growing made in possible to predict the optimal time of harvest. The optimal times of harvest are around September 23 and October 26 for Jonathan and Rolls apples respectively.

Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics and Skin Irritation of Transdermal Piroxicam Patch(Trast[R])

Kim, H. K 大韓臨床藥理學會 1995 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.3 No.2

방사성동위원소심혈관조영술상 관찰된 주폐동맥유와 동맥관개존증이 병발된 1예

조보연,이명철,고창순,한만청,손인,윤용수,홍창의,노준량,연경모 대한핵의학회 1981 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.15 No.2

A Case of main pulmonary artery aneurysm in a 9-year-old boy with patent ductus arteriosus is presented. In this case presented with a huge mass density on the chest X-ray, radionuclide cardiac angiography showed a vascular lesion, which was confirmed as an aneurysm of the main pulmonary artery at roentgenologic angiogram. The aneurysm appeared following an episode of bacterial endocarditis and pulmonary hypertension. A successfu1 aneurysmectomy with multiple ligation of ductus arteriosus was performed.

Rgs19 regulates mouse palatal fusion by modulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in the MEE

Sohn, W.J.,Ji, Y.R.,Kim, H.S.,Gwon, G.J.,Chae, Y.M.,An, C.H.,Park, H.d.,Jung, H.S.,Ryoo, Z.Y.,Lee, S.,Kim, J.Y. Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland 2012 Mechanisms of development Vol.129 No.9

Palatal development is one of the critical events in craniofacial morphogenesis. During fusion of the palatal shelves, removal of the midline epithelial seam (MES) is a fundamental process for achieving proper morphogenesis of the palate. The reported mechanisms for removing the MES are the processes of apoptosis, migration or general epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through modulations of various signaling molecules including Wnt signaling. RGS19, a regulator of the G protein signaling (RGS) family, interacts selectively with the specific α subunits of the G proteins (Gαi, Gαq) and enhances their GTPase activity. Rgs19 was reported to be a modulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. In mouse palatogenesis, the restricted epithelial expression pattern of Rgs19 was examined in the palatal shelves, where expression of Wnt11 was observed. Based on these specific expression patterns of Rgs19 in the palatal shelves, the present study examined the detailed developmental function of Rgs19 using AS-ODN treatments during in vitro palate organ cultivations as a loss-of-function study. After the knockdown of Rgs19, the morphological changes in the palatal shelves was examined carefully using a computer-aided three dimensional reconstruction method and the altered expression patterns of related signaling molecules were evaluated using genome wide screening methods. RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization methods were also used to confirm these array results. These morphological and molecular examinations suggested that Rgs19 plays important roles in palatal fusion through the degradation of MES via activation of the palatal fusion related and apoptotic related genes. Overall, inhibition of the proliferation related and Wnt responsive genes by Rgs19 are required for proper palatal fusion.

Dry Bias in Satellite-Derived Clear-Sky Water Vapor and Its Contribution to Longwave Cloud Radiative Forcing

Sohn, B.-J.,Schmetz, J.,Stuhlmann, R.,Lee, J.-Y. AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY 2006 Journal of climate Vol.19 No.21

Antibacterial activity of a 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid against plant pathogenic bacteria

Sohn, H.R.,Bae, J.H.,Hou, C.T.,Kim, H.R. IPC Science and Technology Press ; Elsevier Scienc 2013 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.53 No.3

7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD), one of hydroxy fatty acids, was successfully produced from oleic acid and natural vegetable oils containing oleic acid by a bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PR3). However, biological properties of DOD remained unknown so far. In this study, as a trial to determine the biological properties of DOD molecule, antibacterial activities of DOD against plant pathogenic bacteria were determined qualitatively and quantitatively. DOD presented strong antibacterial activities against all the bacterial strains tested with MIC value being in the range of 125-1000μg/ml and there was no sensitivity preference detected between Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains.

Genistein production in rice seed via transformation with soybean IFS genes

Sohn, S.I.,Kim, Y.H.,Kim, S.L.,Lee, J.Y.,Oh, Y.J.,Chung, J.H.,Lee, K.R. Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland Ltd 2014 Plant science Vol.217 No.-

To produce genistein in rice, the isoflavone synthase (IFS) genes, SpdIFS1 and SpdIFS2 were cloned from the Korean soybean cultivar, Sinpaldalkong II as it has a higher genistein content than other soybean varieties. SpdIFS1 and SpdIFS2 show a 99.6% and 98.2% identity at the nucleotide level and 99.4% and 97.9% identity at the amino acid level, respectively, with IFS1 and IFS2 from soybean (GenBank accession Nos. AF195798 and AF195819). Plant expression vectors were constructed harboring SpdIFS1 or SpdIFS2 under the control of a rice globulin promoter that directs seed specific expression, and used to transform two rice varieties, Heugnam, a black rice, and Nakdong, a normal rice cultivar without anthocyanin pigment. Because naringenin, the substrate of SpdIFS1 and SpdIFS2, is on the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, the relative production rate of genistein was compared between SpdIFS-expressing transgenic Heugnam and Nakdong. Southern blot analysis of eight of the resulting transgenic rice plants revealed that the T<SUB>0</SUB> plants had one to three copies of the SpdIFS1 or SpdIFS2 gene. The highest level of genistein content found in rice seeds was 103μg/g. These levels were about 30-fold higher in our transgenic rice lines than the genistein aglycon content of a non-leguminous IFS-expressing transgenic tobacco petal, equaling about 12% of total genistein content of Sinpaldalkong II. There were no significant differences found between the genistein content in Heugnam and Nakdong transgenic rice plants.

M-13 bacteriophage based structural color sensor for detecting antibiotics

Moon, J.S.,Park, M.,Kim, W.G.,Kim, C.,Hwang, J.,Seol, D.,Kim, C.S.,Sohn, J.R.,Chung, H.,Oh, J.W. Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.240 No.-

Color sensor systems that exploit the advantages of M-13 bacteriophage have been shown to be potentially useful for detection of hazardous materials. The properties of M-13 bacteriophage can be systemically modified to impart target-specific selectivity and sensitivity using the phage display technique. Here, we describe a structural color-based sensor that utilizes genetically engineered M-13 bacteriophage to discriminate different types of antibiotics. An M-13 bacteriophage based structural color matrix was fabricated using a simple pulling technique by self-assembly of M-13 bacteriophage. When exposed to organic solvent, M-13 bacteriophage bundles promptly swell and promote distinct structural color change. Color sensors composed of M-13 bacteriophage genetically engineered to possess WHW peptide motifs clearly discriminated three different types of antibiotics, which was based on the color analysis of sensor using principal component analysis. Our sensing approach based on M-13 bacteriophage could be a promising sensor technique such as an environmental monitoring system.