De novo assembly and microsatellite marker development of the transcriptome of the endangered Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis

Sien Wen,Ping Li,Feng Wang,Jiale Li,Haixia Liu,Ning Li 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.7

Background Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis is an endemic freshwater fish in Northeast Asia, but experienced a dramatic population decline due to over-exploitation, deteriorated habitats and global climate change. It has been listed as a threatened or endangered species in South Korea and China, respectively. However, the conservation and restoration work in wild B. lenok tsinlingensis populations require large amount of genetic and molecular data to support effective management of genetic resources, while the corresponding information is very limited. Objective This study was conducted to generate transcriptome assembly and annotation, as well as to develop novel microsatellite markers for B. lenok tsinlingensis. Methods We collected gill and liver tissues and performed transcriptome sequencing. Then the first transcriptome for B. lenok tsinlingensis was de novo assembled and annotated. Microsatellite markers were searched in the assembled transcripts and characterized within ninety individuals collected from three natural sites. Results A total of 110,712 protein-coding transcripts were assembled, of which 82,861 transcripts were successfully annotated. This assembly displayed a high level of completeness with retrieving 94% of the single-copy orthologs conserved across vertebrate species. Furthermore, 75,891 microsatellite loci were identified from this transcriptome assembly and 20 polymorphic markers were randomly selected for characterization. Conclusions The microsatellite markers and the first transcriptome assembly would provide valuable resources for investigating genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of wild populations and molecular mechanisms responding to stressful environments (e.g. increased water temperature) to guide future conservation studies and breeding programs.

탈산처리시 기록물 표면에 발생하는 MgO 입자의 백화현상 규명

한신호 ( Sien Ho Han ),이상규 ( Sang Kyu Lee ),신현창 ( Hyun Chang Shin ),김호진 ( Ho Jin Kim ) 한국공업화학회 2014 공업화학 Vol.25 No.4

After completing deacidification process and evacuating rest of solvent, white fine particles of MgO are found on the surfaceof archival materials, such as books and documents. When MgO particles remain on the surface of archives, instead of beingwell dispersed and absorbed into cellulose fiber of archives, such white fine particles are found. These particles have raisedconcerns for employees’ deacidification environment and their health; however, the concerns have not been addressed. To findthe cause of white fine particles on the surface of archives after deacidification process and to propose the its solution, anacidic paper and wood free paper were applied with deacidifying chemicals. We analyzed the domestic and abroad deacidifyingchemicals`` physical properties and conducted deacidifcation processes to find effects of different contents and sizes of MgOon white fine particles. When the size of MgO particle was 847 nm, there was significantly less amount of white fine particleson the surface of archival materials. This means that the size of MgO particle plays a significant role in producing whitefine particles on the surface of archives.

A Proprietary Model of Continuously Variable Transmission System using Spline

Gu, Sien Dong The Institute of Internet 2022 International journal of advanced smart convergenc Vol.11 No.1

In each country, efforts are being made to replace engine-driven cars and motorcycles using fossil fuels with electric drive. Electrically driven vehicles have the advantage of no harmful gas or environmental pollution and low noise. In the motorcycle market, China accounts for more than 95% of the world, and the electric motorcycle market is being revitalized due to the strengthening of regulations. Japan is actively preparing to include electric motorcycles in ISO 26262, forming a TF team centered on electric motorcycle producers. Therefore, it is necessary to respond to standardization targeting China and Japan in Korea. In this study, we propose a proprietary transmission model that can be applied to small electric vehicles that can be operated in hilly domestic terrain. The proposed continuously variable transmission model is a continuously variable transmission system which moves the pin between the basic disk and the rotary disk using a spline to perform shifting. The proposed continuously variable transmission model is used in the pulley configuration by connecting the linear type spline and the inclined spline with the central axis of the basic disk and the rotational disk, respectively. In addition, it can be divided into two types according to the application of the auxiliary disk, and the production drawing is completed for the practical use of the model.

Prevalence of chloramphenicol-resistant gene in Escherichia coli from water sources in aquaculture farms and rivers of Kuching, Northwestern Borneo

Leong, Sui Sien,Lihan, Samuel,Toh, Seng Chiew The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.4

Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli cases are increasing high especially in Southeast Asia. Illegal use of the antibiotic in the aquaculture farming may become the culprit of the outbreak and spread into environmental source. A study was conducted to: 1) detect the chloramphenicol (CAL)-resistant gene in E. coli isolated from three aquaculture farms and six rivers of northwestern Borneo and 2) investigate the correlation between cat gene with five common antibiotics used. Isolation of E. coli was done on Eosin methylene blue agar and characterized using indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, citrate tests. E. coli isolates were subsequently tested for their susceptibility to five antibiotics commonly used in aqua-farming. The CAL-resistant E. coli were further analyzed for the presence of resistant genes (cat I, cat II, cat III, cat IV) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. 42 bacterial colonies were isolated from a total of 80 individual water samples, 34 of which were identified as E. coli. Result showed 85.3% of the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 35.3% were resistant to tetracycline, 29.4% were resistant to CAL, 17.6% were resistant to nitrofurantoin and 8.8% were resistant to nalidixic acid. All of the 10 CAL resistant E. coli isolateswere detected with cat II genes; five isolates detected with cat IV genes; three isolates detected with cat III genes; and another two detected with cat I genes. Pearson correlation coefficient shows highly significant relationship between resistance pattern of CAL with amoxicillin; and CAL with tetracycline. Our findings provide the supplementary information of the CAL resistance gene distribution, thereby improving our understanding of the potential risk of antibiotic resistance underlying within this microbial ecosystem.

Geoffrey Chaucer의 명사 굴절

申南澈 건국대학교 1985 學術誌 Vol.29 No.1

The regular inflections of noun in the Chaucerian English is as follows; ◁표 참조▷ p.103 But the following exceptions occur: (a) A few nouns have plural forms the same as the singular in the terms of measure of time or space constructed with numerals. (b) A few words unchanged in the plural in OE have plural forms the same as the singular. (c) The dative singular has the same form as the nominative singular form, but in prepositional phrases the noun has the old dative ending -e. (d) The plural of some nouns has -en instead of -es. (e) The plural forms of the monosyllabic nouns ending in s is usually without an inflectional ending. (f) The genitive singular forms of nouns which belonged to the OE weak-declension is sometimes without any ending.

李朝時代의 特殊市場에 관한 硏究 : 藥令市場을 中心으로

金信雄 동국대학교 경영관리연구소 1982 經營經濟論叢 Vol.7 No.-

Preparation of high styrenic sulfonated polySEPS/clay composite film for proton exchange membranes (PEMs)

Suk-Yong Jang,Sien-Ho Han 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.4

High styrenic sulfonated polystyrene-block-poly(ethyl-ran-propylene)-block-polystyrene (S-polySEPS)containing 65% styrene groups was prepared by sulfonation at the phenyl group. Also, S-polySEPS/clay composite film was produced by mixing organic clay with S-polySEPS in organic blending solvent (THF/DCE/IPA). The proton conductivity of the pure S-polySEPS film and S-polySEPS/clay composite films was ranged from 102 to 101 S cm1. In particular, the S-polySEPS/clay 1 wt% composite film was shown higher proton conductivity, higher ion exchange capacity (IEC) and lower water uptake than Nafion1 117membrane. However, the proton conductivity of the S-polyseps/clay composite films slightly was decreased with increasing the contents of organic clay. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to investigate the thermal stability of S-polySEPS/clay composite films. The 1H NMR and FT-IR analysis is used to verify the sulfonation reaction on the phenyl groups of S-polySEPS. The micro-phase separated images and dispersed organic clay state of the prepared films were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Improving the Skin Penetration of Cosmetics Containing Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Han-Sook KIM,Sien-Ho HAN 한국웰빙융합학회 2021 웰빙융합연구 Vol.4 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to form a new cosmetic market through the development of a composition with high skin permeability after adding omega 3 to Aloe Vera soothing gel products. Research design, data and methodology: In this study, omega-3 fatty acids were added to cosmetic products in the form of soothing gels. By applying nanoparticle technology to rapidly increase the penetration of raw materials into the skin, characteristics related to skin moisture and regeneration were determined. Omega-3 was used as a raw cosmetic material. Then 5% and 15% nanoparticle aqueous products containing omega-3 were prepared. The developed water hydrate was subjected to skin permeability test using artificial skin. Results: 53 hours of artificial transdermal penetration of the developed composition, the ethanol-based omega-3 containing nanoparticle solubilized raw material was about three times higher penetration than the ethanol-based omega-3 containing nanoparticle solubilized raw material. Conclusions: The raw material product (SR-1901) containing 5% of omega-3 nanoparticle water hydrate has skin regeneration ability and pain reduction effect. It can be expected that the skin cosmetics market will be reorganized into a new distribution structure and opportunity through omega-3 supplemented soothing gel cosmetics with improved efficacy than existing cosmetics.

Experimental Studies of Conditions for Manufature of Freeze Dried BCG Vaccine in Korea : Part 1. Drying process and plan of dried BCG vaccine prepared with the STOKES model 2003-F-2 machine

Chun, Nam-Ho,Sien, Hyun-Oh,Kim, Dai-Dong 國立保健硏究院 1971 국립보건연구원보 Vol.8 No.-

연구 논문 : Electron Withdrawing Group을 함유한 Polythiophene의 합성과 특성에 관한 연구

홍혁진 ( Hyeok Jin Hong ),한신호 ( Sien Ho Han ) 한국공업화학회 2012 공업화학 Vol.23 No.6

전자를 끌어당기는 benzotriazole을 vinylene으로 thiophene과 연결한 3-(2-benzo-triazolovinyl)thiophene (BVT)을 합성하고, FT-IR 및 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D hetero-cosy spectra로 구조분석을 하였다. 합성한 BVT와 3-octylthiophene (OT)을 공중합 하였다. 공중합체들은 수평균 분자량 12000 (PDI 2.67)과 15000 (PDI 2.55)을 나타내었으며, THF, TCE와 chloroform 등의 유기용매에 잘 용해되었다. 공중합체들의 BVT와 OT의 공중합된 비율은 1H-NMR spectra에 의하여 BVT : OT = 1 : 1.8과 1 : 2.8 (mol/mol)로 확인되었다. 파장 470 nm와 465 nm에서 UV-vis 최대 흡수를 나타내었고, photoluminescence (PL)는 각각 λmax = 662 nm와 641 nm로 나타나 적색계로 관찰되었다. 공중합체의 band gap은 각각 1.96 eV, 2.02 eV로 poly(3-octylthiophene)보다 더 증가하였다. 또한, poly(3-octylthiophene)에 비해서 HOMO 에너지 준위는 모두 낮아졌으나, LUMO 에너지 준위는 모두 높아졌다. 3-(2-benzotriazolovinyl)thiophene (BVT) was synthesized by the connection of the thiophene with the electron-withdrawing group, benzotriazole, through the vinylene. Its structure was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D hetero-cosy spectroscopy. Both BVT and 3-octylthiophene (OT) were copolymerized and showed an average molecular weight of 12000 (PDI 2.67) and 15000 (PDI 2.55), respectively. The copolymers were dissolved in the organic solvent such as chloroform, THF, TCE, etc. The mole ratios of BVT and OT in the synthesized copolymers were confirmed as 1 : 1.8 and 1 : 2.8 from 1H-NMR spectra. The UV-vis maximum absorption of copolymers appeared at the wavelength of 470 nm and 465 nm and the photoluminescence at λmax = 662 nm and 641 nm correspond to red-orange light. The band gaps of copolymers at 1.96 eV and 2.02 eV were found to be higher than those of poly(3-octylthiophene). The HOMO energy levels of the copolymers decreased overall in comparison with those of poly(3-octylthiophene), but the overall LUMO energy level increased.