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      • KCI등재

        Theoretical Studies on Electronic Structure and Absorption Spectrum of Prototypical Technetium-Diphosphonate Complex ^(99m)Tc-MDP

        Ling Qiu,Jian-Guo Lin,Shi-Neng Luo,Xue-Dong Gong,Xue-Hai Ju 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.7

        Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations,employing the B3LYP method and the LANL2DZ, 6-31G^*(LANL2DZ for Tc), 6-31G^*(cc-pVDZ-pp for Tc)and DGDZVP basis sets, have been performed to investigate the electronic structures and absorption spectra of the technetium-99m-labeled methylenediphosphonate (^(99m)Tc-MDP) complex of the simplest diphosphonate ligand. The bonding situations and natural bond orbital compositions were studied by the Mulliken population analysis (MPA) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The results indicate that the σ and π contributions to the Tc-O bonds are strongly polarized towards the oxygen atoms and the ionic contribution to the Tc-O bonding is larger than the covalent contribution. The electronic transitions investigated by TDDFT calculations and molecular orbital analyses show that the origin of all absorption bands is ascribed to the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) character. The solvent effect on the electronic structures and absorption spectra has also been studied by performing DFT and TDDFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G^*(cc-pVDZ-pp for Tc) level with the integral equation formalism polarized continuum model (IEFPCM) in different media. It is found that the absorption spectra display blue shift in different extents with the increase of solvent polarity.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Theoretical Studies on Electronic Structure and Absorption Spectrum of Prototypical Technetium-Diphosphonate Complex <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MDP

        Qiu, Ling,Lin, Jian-Guo,Gong, Xue-Dong,Ju, Xue-Hai,Luo, Shi-Neng Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.7

        Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations, employing the B3LYP method and the LANL2DZ, 6-31G$^*$(LANL2DZ for Tc), 6-31G$^*$(cc-pVDZ-pp for Tc) and DGDZVP basis sets, have been performed to investigate the electronic structures and absorption spectra of the technetium-99m-labeled methylenediphosphonate ($^{99m}Tc$-MDP) complex of the simplest diphosphonate ligand. The bonding situations and natural bond orbital compositions were studied by the Mulliken population analysis (MPA) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The results indicate that the ${\sigma}$ and ${\pi}$ contributions to the Tc-O bonds are strongly polarized towards the oxygen atoms and the ionic contribution to the Tc-O bonding is larger than the covalent contribution. The electronic transitions investigated by TDDFT calculations and molecular orbital analyses show that the origin of all absorption bands is ascribed to the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) character. The solvent effect on the electronic structures and absorption spectra has also been studied by performing DFT and TDDFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G$^*$(cc-pVDZ-pp for Tc) level with the integral equation formalism polarized continuum model (IEFPCM) in different media. It is found that the absorption spectra display blue shift in different extents with the increase of solvent polarity.

      • KCI등재

        Substituent Effect on the Structure and Biological Property of 99mTc-Labeled Diphosphonates: Theoretical Studies

        Ling Qiu,Jian-Guo Lin,Xue-Dong Gong,Wen Cheng,Shi-Neng Luo 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.12

        Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to study the substituent effect on the geometric and electronic structures as well as the biological behavior of technetium-99m-labeled diphosphonate complexes. Optimized structures of these complexes are surrounded by six ligands in an octahedral environment with three unpaired 4d electrons (d3 state) and the optimized geometry of 99mTc-MDP agrees with experimental data. With the increase of electron-donating substituent or tether between phosphate groups, the energy gap between frontier orbitals increases and the probability of non-radiative deactivation via d-d electron transfer decreases. The charge distribution reflects a significant ligand-to-metal electron donation. Based on the calculated geometric and electronic structures and biologic properties of 99mTc-diphosphonate complexes, several structure-activity relationships (SARs) were established. These results may be instructive for the design and synthesis of novel 99mTc-diphosphonate bone imaging agent and other 99mTc-based radiopharmaceuticals.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Substituent Effect on the Structure and Biological Property of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled Diphosphonates: Theoretical Studies

        Qiu, Ling,Lin, Jian-Guo,Gong, Xue-Dong,Cheng, Wen,Luo, Shi-Neng Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.12

        Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to study the substituent effect on the geometric and electronic structures as well as the biological behavior of technetium-99m-labeled diphosphonate complexes. Optimized structures of these complexes are surrounded by six ligands in an octahedral environment with three unpaired 4d electrons ($d^3$ state) and the optimized geometry of $^{99m}Tc$-MDP agrees with experimental data. With the increase of electron-donating substituent or tether between phosphate groups, the energy gap between frontier orbitals increases and the probability of non-radiative deactivation via d-d electron transfer decreases. The charge distribution reflects a significant ligand-to-metal electron donation. Based on the calculated geometric and electronic structures and biologic properties of $^{99m}Tc$-diphosphonate complexes, several structure-activity relationships (SARs) were established. These results may be instructive for the design and synthesis of novel $^{99m}Tc$-diphosphonate bone imaging agent and other $^{99m}Tc$-based radiopharmaceuticals.

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