http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Kamaraj, Chinnaperumal,Gandhi, Pachiyappan Rajiv,Elango, Gandhi,Karthi, Sengodan,Chung, Ill-Min,Rajakumar, Govindasamy Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.107 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The future of this study was to prepare a natural pesticide which will not harm the environment and yet control pests. Neem gum nano formulation (NGNF), a novel biopesticide prepared from the Neem gum extract (<I>Azadirachta indica</I>) (NGE) was evaluated for its antifeedant, larvicidal and pupicidal activities against <I>Helicoverpa armigera</I> (Hub.) and <I>Spodoptera litura</I> (Fab.) at 100ppm. The NGNF showed significant (100%) antifeedant, larvicidal and pupicidal activities against <I>H. armigera</I> and <I>S. litura</I>. The LC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 10.20, 12.49 and LC<SUB>90</SUB> values of 32.68, 36.68ppm on <I>H. armigera</I> and <I>S. litura</I>, respectively at 100ppm. The NGNF treatments showed differences in the activities of detoxifying enzymes, carboxylesterases, glucosidases and glutathione S-transferases in the larval gut. Earthworm toxicity illustrated that 6.25ppm of chemical insecticides (cypermethrin) varied widely in their contact toxicities compared to 100ppm of NGNF and control in both contact filter paper and artificial soil test. The NGNF were characterized and confirmed by FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. Ten compounds were identified from the Neem gum extract (NGE) by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. The major compounds were fatty acids like Hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, and ricinoleic acid. NGNF could be used as an agent to prepare novel bio-pesticides formulations.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Neem gum mediated nano formulation (NGNF) as a bio-pesticide agent against <I>Helicoverpa armigera</I> and <I>Spodoptera litura</I>. </LI> <LI> NGNF exhibited potential antifeedant, larvicidal and pupicidal activities against <I>Helicoverpa armigera</I> and <I>Spodoptera litura</I>. </LI> <LI> Environmental toxicity was assessed by earthworm (<I>Eudrilus eugeniae</I>) there is no significant toxicity observed in NGNF treatments. </LI> </UL> </P>
Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan,Muthiah Chellappandian,Muthiah Chellappandian,Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan,Athirstam Ponsankar,Annamalai Thanigaivel,Sengodan Karthi,Edward-Sam Edwin,Selvaraj Selin-Rani 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4
Fresh leaves of Piper betle Linn. (Piperales: Piperaceae) and Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Asterales: Asteraceae), commonly known as betel leaves and East Indian globe thistle, respectively, were harvested and steam distilled for the extraction of P. betle and S. indicus crude volatile oils (Pb-CVO and Si-CVO, respectively). LC 50 calculated on 3 rd instar larvae of dengue mosquito Aedes aegypti Linn. (Diptera: Culicidae) was 42.17 ppm for PbSi-CVO (i.e., herbal formulation based on the EOs of P. betle and S. indicus). The larval and pupal duration were significantly longer post-treatment with 100 ppm of PbSi-CVO, if compared to control. We observed that PbSi-CVO significantly altered the detoxifying enzymes GST and CYP450 compared to the expression of control. Sub-lethal concentrations of PbSi-CVO showed strong repellent properties against dengue mosquitoes, without adverse reactions on the volunteers experiencing the repellent assays. Lastly, the adulticidal activity of PbSi-CVO was studied. Overall, our study outlined that this herbal product represents a promising candidate for the development of botanical based adulticidal agents.