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Sejeong Kim,Soomin Lee,Heeyoung Lee,Jimyeong Ha,Jeeyeon Lee,Yukyung Choi,Hyemin Oh,Joonbae Hong,Yohan Yoon,Kyoung-Hee,Choi 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.4
This study investigated bacterial growth-inhibitory effect of 69 therapeutic herbal plants extracts on 9 bacterial strains using a disc diffusion assay. Especially, the antimicrobial activity of Psoraleae semen, which showed different activity on pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated by MIC (minimal inhibition concentration) and biofilm formation assay. The effect of Psoraleae semen extract on bacterial cell membranes was examined by measurement of protein leakage (optical density at 280 nm) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). No clear zone was formed on discs containing Gram-negative bacteria, but Gram-positive bacteria exhibited clear zones. The MICs of Psoraleae semen extract were 8 μg/mL for Streptococcus mutans, and 16 μg/mL for Enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, biofilm formation was inhibited at concentration 8-16 μg/mL. Protein leakage values and SEM images revealed that cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria were impaired following exposure to the extract. Further, the extract inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in sausages. These results indicate that Psoraleae semen extract could be utilized as a natural antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive bacteria.
Sejeong Kim,Hyemin Oh,Heeyoung Lee,Soomin Lee,Jimyeong Ha,Jeeyeon Lee,Yukyung Choi,Yohan Yoon 한국식품위생안전성학회 2017 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.32 No.5
This study investigated the physical properties of polymers and antimicrobial activities of organic acids on Listeria monocytogenes to develop hydrogels. κ-carrageenan (1, 2, and 3%), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC; 1, 3, and 5%), and agar (1.5 and 3%) were mixed with cross-linkers (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Al3+) or each other by stirring or heating to form cross-linkage, and their physical properties (hardness, elasticity, and swelling) were measured. The hydrogels formulated with organic acid (1, 3, and 5%) were analyzed by spot assay against L. monocytogenes. κ-carrageenan formed hydrogels with high hardness without other cross-linkers, but they had low elasticity. The elasticity was improved by mixing with other cross-linkers such as K+ or other polymer, especially in 3% κ-carrageenan. CMC hydrogel was formed by adding cross-linkers Al3+, Na+, or Ca2+, especially in 5% CMC. Thus, stickiness and swelling for selected hydrogel formulations (two of κ-carrageenan hydrogels and three of CMC hydrogels) were measured. Among the selected hydrogels, most of them showed appropriate hardness, but only 3% κ-carrageenan-contained hydrogels maintained their shapes from swelling. Hence, 3% κ-carrageenan+0.2% KCl and 3% κ-carrageenan+1% alginate+0.2% KCl+0.2% CaCl2 were selected to be formulated with lactic acid, and showed antilisterial activity. These results indicate that 3% κ-carrageenan hydrogels formulated with lactic acid can be used to control L. monocytogenes on food surface.
Yoon, Sang-Oh,Shin, Sejeong,Lee, Ho-Jae,Chun, Hyo-Kon,Chung, An-Sik American Association for Cancer Research 2006 Molecular cancer therapeutics Vol.5 No.11
<P>Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 plays a key role in tumor invasion. Inhibitors of MMP-9 were screened from Metasequoia glyptostroboides (Dawn redwood) and one potent inhibitor, isoginkgetin, a biflavonoid, was identified. Noncytotoxic levels of isoginkgetin decreased MMP-9 production profoundly, but up-regulated the level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, an inhibitor of MMP-9, in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. The major mechanism of Ras-dependent MMP-9 production in HT1080 cells was phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation. Expression of dominant-active H-Ras and p85 (a subunit of PI3K) increased MMP-9 activity, whereas dominant-negative forms of these molecules decreased the level of MMP-9. H-Ras did not increase MMP-9 in the presence of a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, and a NF-kappaB inhibitor, SN50. Further studies showed that isoginkgetin regulated MMP-9 production via PI3K/Akt/NF-kappaB pathway, as evidenced by the findings that isoginkgetin inhibited activities of both Akt and NF-kappaB. PI3K/Akt is a well-known key pathway for cell invasion, and isoginkgetin inhibited HT1080 tumor cell invasion substantially. Isoginkgetin was also quite effective in inhibiting the activities of Akt and MMP-9 in MDA-MB-231 breast carcinomas and B16F10 melanoma. Moreover, isoginkgetin treatment resulted in marked decrease in invasion of these cells. In summary, PI3K/Akt is a major pathway for MMP-9 expression and isoginkgetin markedly decreased MMP-9 expression and invasion through inhibition of this pathway. This suggests that isoginkgetin could be a potential candidate as a therapeutic agent against tumor invasion.</P>
프로바이오틱스 안전성 문제 개선을 위한 안전성 평가방법의 제안
김세정 ( Sejeong Kim ),윤요한 ( Yohan Yoon ),오세종 ( Sejong Oh ) 한국낙농식품응용생물학회(구 한국유가공학회) 2020 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.38 No.2
Probiotics are actively being studied for their efficacious anticancer, anticholesterol, and antidiabetic properties. As novel probiotic strains are being developed continuously, new strain-specific safety issues may be reported. Therefore, a procedure for the safety evaluation of probiotic strains is needed. In this study, we investigated the current status of domestic and foreign guidelines for the evaluation of safety of probiotics and suggested a general probiotic safety evaluation process. In other countries, the guidelines for probiotic evaluation are provided and managed separately. However, in Korea, general guidelines are provided regarding the use of functional ingredients, and specific guidelines for the use of probiotics are lacking. A review step based on the characteristics of the probiotics has been introduced in the procedure for safety evaluation of probiotics. Additionally, it has been suggested that the safety evaluation process should consider the results of the functional and genomic analysis for strain identification. Moreover, the factors to be evaluated are presented separately for the notified and non-notified strains. The suggested evaluation procedure may ensure the safety of probiotics, thereby promoting enhanced utilization of probiotics as functional products.
Kim, Sejeong,Oh, Hyemin,Lee, Heeyoung,Lee, Soomin,Ha, Jimyeong,Lee, Jeeyeon,Choi, Yukyoung,Yoon, Yohan The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety 2017 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.32 No.5
This study investigated the physical properties of polymers and antimicrobial activities of organic acids on Listeria monocytogenes to develop hydrogels. ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ (1, 2, and 3%), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC; 1, 3, and 5%), and agar (1.5 and 3%) were mixed with cross-linkers ($Na^+$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Al^{3+}$) or each other by stirring or heating to form cross-linkage, and their physical properties (hardness, elasticity, and swelling) were measured. The hydrogels formulated with organic acid (1, 3, and 5%) were analyzed by spot assay against L. monocytogenes. ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ formed hydrogels with high hardness without other cross-linkers, but they had low elasticity. The elasticity was improved by mixing with other cross-linkers such as $K^+$ or other polymer, especially in 3% ${\kappa}-carrageenan$. CMC hydrogel was formed by adding cross-linkers $Al^{3+}$, $Na^+$, or $Ca^{2+}$, especially in 5% CMC. Thus, stickiness and swelling for selected hydrogel formulations (two of ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ hydrogels and three of CMC hydrogels) were measured. Among the selected hydrogels, most of them showed appropriate hardness, but only 3% ${\kappa}-carrageenan-contained$ hydrogels maintained their shapes from swelling. Hence, 3% ${\kappa}-carrageenan+0.2%$ KCl and 3% ${\kappa}-carrageenan+1%$ alginate+0.2% KCl+0.2% $CaCl_2$ were selected to be formulated with lactic acid, and showed antilisterial activity. These results indicate that 3% ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ hydrogels formulated with lactic acid can be used to control L. monocytogenes on food surface.