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강호,신경숙,정지현,Frank Schuchardt 유기성자원학회 2010 유기물자원화 Vol.18 No.2
하수슬러지에 전자빔(3kGy)을 조사하여 퇴비화를 촉진하기위한 타당성연구가 수행되었다. 전자빔을 조사한 하수슬러지 탈수케익에 수분조절 및 탄소공급원으로 건조한 나뭇잎을 첨가하고 목편을 혼합한 퇴비단과 전자빔을 조사하지 않은 퇴비단(Control) 과의 시간에 따른 온도변화, 유기물 및 영양염류변화 그리고 미생물 활동도 차이 등을비교평가하였다. 그 결과 전자빔조사한 하수슬러지퇴비단은 1일이내에 60℃이상 온도가 상승하였고 Control 퇴비단에 비해 고온기간이 5일 이상 더 지속되었다. 또한 초기 5일 이내에 주발효기간 20일 동안 분해된 전체 유기물양의 70%가 분해되는 등 신속한 퇴비화가 진행되었으며, 퇴비화기간 내내 Control 퇴비단에 비해 DHAe-INT로 측정한 미생물 활동도가 높게 유지되어 전자빔 전처리에 의해 하수슬러지 탈수케익의 퇴비부숙이 신속하고, 효율적으로 이루어짐을 알 수 있었다. A feasibility test for accelerating composting of sewage sludge irradiated with electron beam(3kGy) was investigated. Dried wood chip and leaves were used as a bulking agent and carbon source, respectively. The test variables included changes in temperature, organics and nutrients, and bioactivities from experimental and control composters. Results indicates that the temperature rose up to 60℃ within 1 day and maintained high temperature above 50℃ for more than 5 days in the irradiated sludge cake composter. It resulted in the fast degradation of organics during the initial 5 days, showing that approximately 70% of total amount of carbon degraded within 20 days was destroyed. It is likely that the composting of electron beam irradiated sludge cake is able to reduce it’s maturing period significantly.
Baum, Richard P.,Kluge, Andreas,Gildehaus, Franz Josef,Bronzel, Marcus,Schmidt, Karl,Schuchardt, Christiane,Senftleben, Stephan,Samnick, Samuel The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2011 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.45 No.4
Purpose To explore feasibility, tolerability, dosimetry and probable efficacy of intravenous endoradiotherapy with carrier-added 4-[$^{131}I$]iodo-L-phenylalanine (c.a. $^{131}I$-IPA) in refractory high-grade glioma. Methods Two male patients (45 and 50 years), with longstanding, extensively pre-treated gliomas and evidence of progression underwent single intravenous injections of 2 and 4 GBq of c.a. $^{131}I$-IPA, respectively. Tumour targeting was verified by $^{131}I$-IPA single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Metabolic and morphological changes indicative of tumour response were assessed by sequential [$^{18}F$] fluoroethyltyrosine ($^{18}F$-FET) positron emission tomography (PET) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following therapy. Further monitoring included clinical state, safety laboratory, quality of life and dosimetry. Absorbed mean organ and whole-body doses were determined according to the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) scheme using OLINDAEXM based on serial planar scintigraphy. Results Both patients tolerated the treatment well. No evidence of acute or delayed organ toxicity was observed. $^{131}I$-IPA accumulated in the tumour recurrences identified by MRI/$^{18}F$-FET. In patient 1, PET showed progressively decreasing maximum standardised uptake values ($SUV_{max}$) over 10 months, indicating metabolic response, paralleled by reduced contrast enhancement and tumour volume on MRI. Progression occurred 18 months after therapy. Treatment was repeated using 6.6 GBq of $^{131}I$-IPA, to which no response was observed. Patient 2, followed-up for 3 months after therapy, showed stable disease on MRI and PET. Mean absorbed whole body doses ranged from 0.13 to 0.17 mSv/MBq, with the highest absorbed organ doses to kidneys, bladder and heart (0.86-1.23; 0.49-0.6 and 0.45-0.56 mSv/MBq). Conclusion Systemic endoradiotherapy using up to 6.6 GBq of c.a.$^{131}I$-IPA is not associated with clinically detectable toxicity. Measurable anti-tumour effects in gliomas were observed. $^{131}I$-IPA warrants further evaluation as glioma therapy.
Baum, Richard P.,Langbein, Thomas,Singh, Aviral,Shahinfar, Mostafa,Schuchardt, Christiane,Volk, Gerd Fabian,Kulkarni, Harshad 대한핵의학회 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.1
The dose-limiting salivary gland toxicity of $^{225}Ac$-labelled PSMA for treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer remains unresolved. Suppressing the metabolism of the gland by intraparenchymal injections of botulinum toxin appears to be a promising method to reduce off-target uptake. A $^{68}Ga-PSMA$ PET/CT scan performed 45 days after injection of 80 units of botulinum toxin A into the right parotid gland in a 63-year-old patient showed a decrease in the SUVmean in the right parotid gland of up to 64% as compared with baseline. This approach could be a significant breakthrough for radioprotection of the salivary glands during PSMA radioligand therapy.