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Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh,Shin, Han Seung,Ghodake, Gajanan S.,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Oh, Min Kyu,Saratale, Ganesh Dattatraya Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.258 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study focuses on development of calcium peroxide (CaO<SUB>2</SUB>) pretreatment that removes major part of lignin but retaining most of sugar components of kenaf core powder (KCP) biomass. In chemical pretreatment, usually higher loss of biomass occurs which was less during this pretreatment strategy. Supplementation of inorganic salts; manganese sulfate (MnSO<SUB>4</SUB>) and cobalt chloride (COCl<SUB>2</SUB>) in CaO<SUB>2</SUB> pretreatment resulted in maximum delignification of KCP relative to individual CaO<SUB>2</SUB> pretreatment. Maximum glucose yield (98%) and hydrolysis yield (80.5%) was achieved after enzymatic hydrolysis (30 FPU/g of KCP) under optimized conditions. Analytical results proved effective lignin removal and significant destruction of KCP with this pretreatment strategy. Finally, utilization of KCP enzymatic hydrolysates by developed strain <I>Klebsiella pneumoniae</I> KMK05 resulted in maximum 2,3-butanediol (BDO) production (10.42 g/L) and BDO titer (0.385 g/g of sugar). BDO titer achieved with KCP derived sugars were found comparable with the mixture of standard sugars which is notable.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Developed CaO<SUB>2</SUB> pretreatment & optimized various operational parameters for KCP biomass. </LI> <LI> Addition of inorganic salts improved delignification, glucose yield and total sugar recovery. </LI> <LI> Maximum BDO production (10.42 g/L) was achieved using <I>Klebsiella pneumoniae</I> KMK05. </LI> <LI> This novel pretreatment strategy abstained loss of sugar components of biomass. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Production and characterization of multiple cellulolytic enzymes by isolated Streptomyces sp. MDS
Saratale, G.D.,Saratale, R.G.,Oh, S.E. Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Biomass & bioenergy Vol.47 No.-
Among four isolated cellulolytic microorganisms, Streptomyces sp. MDS can utilize a broad range of cellulosic substrates including: carboxymethyl cellulose, avicel, xylan, cellobiose, filter paper, wood straw and rice straw by producing a large amount of endoglucanase, exoglucanase, cellobiase, xylanase and glucoamylase. Effects of different physicochemical parameters to achieve maximum production of cellulolytic enzymes were systematically investigated. It was found that the cellulolytic enzyme activities were mainly located at extracellular location. It was observed that supplementation of CaCl<SUB>2</SUB> (5 mM) as a metal additive significantly induced the whole enzyme system. These cellulases also have high thermal stability as evidenced by retaining 60-70% activity at 90 <SUP>o</SUP>C and pH 5 and alkalotolerance as more than 55-60% of the activity at pH 10 and 40 <SUP>o</SUP>C and 60 <SUP>o</SUP>C (for endoglucanase) after 1 h of incubation. The enzymes also retained up to 50-70% of its initial activity upon incubation in the presence of commercials detergents for 1 h. Finally, the efficiency of fermentative conversion of the CMC and rice straw hydrolyzate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (KCTC 7296) resulted in 55.8 and 57.2% of maximum theoretical ethanol yield based on sugar (glucose and xylose) fermentation, respectively.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Phenol for Wastewater Treatment Using Ti/PbO2 Electrode
Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh,Hwang, Kyoung-Jin,Song, Ji-Young,Saratale, Ganesh Dattatray,Kim, Dong-Su American Society of Civil Engineers 2016 Journal of environmental engineering Vol.142 No.2
<P>The electrochemical oxidation of phenol was studied using a Ti/PbO2 electrode prepared by the electrodeposition method with PbO2 coated on Ti. The structural and morphological activity of Ti/PbO2 was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and intermediates formed after degradation of phenol were quantitatively assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Optimization of various parameters such as current density, initial phenol concentration, initial solution pH, and different temperature and dose of Fe2+ on electrochemical degradation of phenol using Ti/PbO2 were investigated. Complete removal of phenol (250mgL-1) was observed at 50 degrees C, potential difference (5V), and at pH 2. Experimental results showed that the phenol removal rate increased with increasing current intensity along with significant reduction in total organic carbon (TOC). Fundamental kinetic data obtained for the degradation of phenol by Ti/PbO2 was found to follow in accordance with the zero-order kinetics with respect to the phenol concentration. This paper is expected to be useful for the development of electrochemical process using Ti/PbO2 for the degradation of phenol containing wastewater. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.</P>
Saratale, Ganesh Dattatray,Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh,Kim, Sang Hyoun,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan Elsevier 2018 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.43 No.25
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This work evaluated the effects of individual alkaline, sodium carbonate (Na<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> denoted as; NaC), sodium sulfide (Na<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>3</SUB> denoted as; NaS) and combination of NaC + NaS pretreatment for the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The effects of different pretreatments on chemical composition and structural complexity of SCB in relation with its saccharification were investigated. For enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated SCB we have utilized the produced crude enzymes by <I>Streptomyces</I> sp. MDS to make the process more cost effective. A enzyme dose of 30 filter paperase (FPU) produced a maximum reducing sugar (RS) 592 mg/g with 80.2% hydrolysis yield from NaC + NaS pretreated SCB under optimized conditions. The resulted enzymatic hydrolysates of each pretreated SCB were applied for hydrogen production using <I>Clostridium beijerinckii</I> KCTC1785. NaC + NaS pretreated SCB hydrolysates exhibited maximum H<SUB>2</SUB> production relative to other pretreatment methods. Effects of temperature, initial pH of culture media and increasing NaC + NaS pretreated SCB enzymatic hydrolysates concentration (2.5–15 g/L) on bioH<SUB>2</SUB> production were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the cumulative H<SUB>2</SUB> production, H<SUB>2</SUB> production rate, and H<SUB>2</SUB> yield were 1485 mL/L, 61.87 mL/L/h and 1.24 mmol H<SUB>2</SUB>/mol of RS (0.733 mmol H<SUB>2</SUB>/g of SCB), respectively. The efficient conversion of the SCB hydrolysate to H<SUB>2</SUB> without detoxification proves the viability of process for cost-effective hydrogen production.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pretreatments of alkaline, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfide and combination demonstrated for sugarcane baggase. </LI> <LI> Several crucial factors towards optimization were carried out. </LI> <LI> Peak 59.2 g/L of reducing sugar (RS) with 80.2% hydrolysis yield from NaC + NaS pretreated SCB. </LI> <LI> Significant hydrogen production and process optimization using SCB hydrolysates studied in detail. </LI> </UL> </P>
Saratale, Ganesh Dattatraya,Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh,Benelli, Giovanni,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan,Kim, Dong-Su,Shin, Han-Seung Springer-Verlag 2017 Journal of cluster science Vol.28 No.3
<P>The current investigation highlighted a novel cost-effective green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Argyreia nervosa leaves extract (ANE) as a potential reducing and capping agent. Surface plasmon resonance confirmed the formation of AgNPs with maximum absorbance at lambda (max) = 435 nm. FTIR revealed the involvement of biological macromolecules of ANE in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. HRTEM images showed that the size of the spherical AgNPs ranged between 5 and 40 nm with average particle size of about 15 nm. The ANE-AgNPs showed inhibition activity against carbohydrate digestive enzymes alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, with EC50 of 55.5 and 51.7 A mu g/mL, respectively, indicating its antidiabetic potential. The in vitro antioxidant activity of ANE-AgNPs was evaluated in terms of ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals scavenging assays with IC50 value of 44.3 and 55.9 A mu g/mL, respectively. The AgNPs displayed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne bacteria with zone of inhibition 16.0 and 12.5 mm for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and also exhibited strong synergistic antibacterial activity together with standard antibiotics. The biological activity in terms of antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial potential could be useful in various bio-applications such as cosmetics, food, and biomedical industry.</P>
Saratale, Ganesh D,Kshirsagar, Siddheshwar D,Sampange, Vilas T,Saratale, Rijuta G,Oh, Sang-Eun,Govindwar, Sanjay P,Oh, Min-Kyu Humana Press 2014 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.174 No.8
<P>Phanerochaete chrysosporium was evaluated for cellulase and hemicellulase production using various agricultural wastes under solid state fermentation. Optimization of various environmental factors, type of substrate, and medium composition was systematically investigated to maximize the production of enzyme complex. Using grass powder as a carbon substrate, maximum activities of endoglucanase (188.66 U/gds), exoglucanase (24.22 U/gds), cellobiase (244.60 U/gds), filter paperase (FPU) (30.22 U/gds), glucoamylase (505.0 U/gds), and xylanase (427.0 U/gds) were produced under optimized conditions. The produced crude enzyme complex was employed for hydrolysis of untreated and mild acid pretreated rice husk. The maximum amount of reducing sugar released from enzyme treated rice husk was 485 mg/g of the substrate. Finally, the hydrolysates of rice husk were used for hydrogen production by Clostridium beijerinckii. The maximum cumulative H2 production and H2 yield were 237.97 mL and 2.93 mmoL H2/g of reducing sugar, (or 2.63 mmoL H2/g of cellulose), respectively. Biohydrogen production performance obtained from this work is better than most of the reported results from relevant studies. The present study revealed the cost-effective process combining cellulolytic enzymes production under solid state fermentation (SSF) and the conversion of agro-industrial residues into renewable energy resources.</P>
Fermentative Hydrogen Production Using Sorghum Husk as a Biomass Feedstock and Process Optimization
Ganesh D. Saratale,Siddheshwar D. Kshirsagar,Rijuta G. Saratale,Sanjay P. Govindwar,오민규 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.4
The potential of isolated actinomycetes and fungi were evaluated for the cellulase and xylanase production under solid state fermentation conditions. Maximal secretion of enzymes was observed with Phanerochaete chrysosporium using soybean straw. The potential of the produced crude enzyme complex was demonstrated by two-step enzymatic hydrolysis of untreated and mild acidpretreated sorghum husk (SH). A cellulase dose of 10 filter paper units (FPU) released 563.21 mg of reducing sugar (RS) per gram of SH with 84.45% hydrolysis and 53.64% glucose yields, respectively. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysates of SH were utilized for hydrogen production by Clostridium beijerinckii. Effects of temperature, pH of media, and substrate concentration on the biohydrogen production from SH hydrolysates were investigated. The optimal conditions for maximal hydrogen production using SH hydrolysate were determined to be a loading of 5.0 g RS/L, at 35°C, and controlled pH at 5.5. Under these optimal conditions, the cumulative H2 production, H2 production rate, and H2 yield were 1,117 mL/L, 46.54 mL/L/h, and 1.051 mol/mol RS, respectively. These results demonstrated a cost-effective hydrogen production is possible with sorghum husk as a lignocellulosic feedstock.