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Fermentative Hydrogen Production Using Sorghum Husk as a Biomass Feedstock and Process Optimization
Ganesh D. Saratale,Siddheshwar D. Kshirsagar,Rijuta G. Saratale,Sanjay P. Govindwar,오민규 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.4
The potential of isolated actinomycetes and fungi were evaluated for the cellulase and xylanase production under solid state fermentation conditions. Maximal secretion of enzymes was observed with Phanerochaete chrysosporium using soybean straw. The potential of the produced crude enzyme complex was demonstrated by two-step enzymatic hydrolysis of untreated and mild acidpretreated sorghum husk (SH). A cellulase dose of 10 filter paper units (FPU) released 563.21 mg of reducing sugar (RS) per gram of SH with 84.45% hydrolysis and 53.64% glucose yields, respectively. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysates of SH were utilized for hydrogen production by Clostridium beijerinckii. Effects of temperature, pH of media, and substrate concentration on the biohydrogen production from SH hydrolysates were investigated. The optimal conditions for maximal hydrogen production using SH hydrolysate were determined to be a loading of 5.0 g RS/L, at 35°C, and controlled pH at 5.5. Under these optimal conditions, the cumulative H2 production, H2 production rate, and H2 yield were 1,117 mL/L, 46.54 mL/L/h, and 1.051 mol/mol RS, respectively. These results demonstrated a cost-effective hydrogen production is possible with sorghum husk as a lignocellulosic feedstock.
Saratale, Ganesh D,Kshirsagar, Siddheshwar D,Sampange, Vilas T,Saratale, Rijuta G,Oh, Sang-Eun,Govindwar, Sanjay P,Oh, Min-Kyu Humana Press 2014 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.174 No.8
<P>Phanerochaete chrysosporium was evaluated for cellulase and hemicellulase production using various agricultural wastes under solid state fermentation. Optimization of various environmental factors, type of substrate, and medium composition was systematically investigated to maximize the production of enzyme complex. Using grass powder as a carbon substrate, maximum activities of endoglucanase (188.66 U/gds), exoglucanase (24.22 U/gds), cellobiase (244.60 U/gds), filter paperase (FPU) (30.22 U/gds), glucoamylase (505.0 U/gds), and xylanase (427.0 U/gds) were produced under optimized conditions. The produced crude enzyme complex was employed for hydrolysis of untreated and mild acid pretreated rice husk. The maximum amount of reducing sugar released from enzyme treated rice husk was 485 mg/g of the substrate. Finally, the hydrolysates of rice husk were used for hydrogen production by Clostridium beijerinckii. The maximum cumulative H2 production and H2 yield were 237.97 mL and 2.93 mmoL H2/g of reducing sugar, (or 2.63 mmoL H2/g of cellulose), respectively. Biohydrogen production performance obtained from this work is better than most of the reported results from relevant studies. The present study revealed the cost-effective process combining cellulolytic enzymes production under solid state fermentation (SSF) and the conversion of agro-industrial residues into renewable energy resources.</P>
Rijuta G. Saratale,Ganesh D. Saratale,Jo Shu Chang,Sanjay P. Govindwar 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.4
Immobilized cells of Proteus vulgaris NCIM 2027 completely decolorized C.I. Reactive Blue 172 (50mg/L) within 8 h along with a nearly 80% reduction in TOC and COD. The dye degradation efficiency of the immobilized cells was further improved by optimizing the physicochemical conditions, including agitation, temperature,pH, dye concentration, and biomass loading. Microbial toxicity study revealed the non-toxic nature of the degraded products. Repeated-batch decolorization was conducted to evaluate the reusability of the immobilized cells. The immobilized cells were used for continuous dye decolorization in a fixed bed bioreactor under different volumetric flow rates and dye feeding concentrations. In addition, the immobilized cells were applied to decolorize a mixture of seven reactive dyes in batch and continuous modes, resulting in efficient decolorization (in terms of ADMI value) and significant reduction in TOC and COD. This suggests the potential of using immobilized cells to treat dye-containing wastewater.