Effects of D-002, a mixture of high molecular weight beeswax alcohols, on patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

José Illnait,Iván Rodríguez,Sarahí Mendoza,Yolanda Fernández,Rosa Mas,Mirtha Miranda,Jesús Piñera,Julio César Fernández,Meilis Mesa,Lilia Fernández,Daisy Carbajal,Rafael Gámez 대한내과학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.28 No.4

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is intimately related to insulin resistance and ranges from a benign course to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. NAFLD management mainly involves dietary modification and weight loss. Although no fully successful pharmacological intervention is available, alternative therapies to treat NAFLD have shown promising results. Experimental studies have shown that D-002, a mixture of beeswax alcohols with antioxidant effects, is hepatoprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of D-002 in patients with NALFD. Methods: Fifty patients with NAFLD were randomized to receive a placebo or D-002 (100 mg/day) for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was a significant ultrasonography-detected reduction of liver fat infiltration versus a placebo. Secondary endpoints were decreases in the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index,insulin levels, serum liver enzymes, increases in plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) and improved clinical symptoms versus the placebo recipients. Results: At randomization, all indicators were comparable in both groups. At study completion, seven (28.0%) D-002-patients, but none of the placebo recipients,exhibited a normal liver echo pattern on ultrasonography (p < 0.01). Also,D-002 significantly reduced (p < 0.01 vs. baseline and placebo) the HOMA index and insulin levels and increased the TAS, but did not affect other parameters. The proportion of D-002-patients (12/25, 48.0%) showing symptom improvement was higher (p < 0.001) than that of the placebo group (1/25, 4.0%). The treatment was safe and well tolerated. Three patients in each group withdrew from the study. Conclusions: D-002 (100 mg/day) improved ultrasonographic findings, indicators of insulin resistance, plasma TAS and clinical evolution on NAFLD patients. Further studies, however, are needed to confirm these results.

Evaluation of the effect of D-002, a mixture of beeswax alcohols, on osteoarthritis symptoms

Roberto Puente,José Illnait,Rosa Mas,Daisy Carbajal,Sarahí Mendoza,Julio César Fernández,Meilis Mesa,Rafael Gámez,Pablo Reyes 대한내과학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.29 No.2

Background/Aims: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve osteoarthritis(OA) symptoms but cause adverse effects. D-002, a mixture of beeswax alcohols,is effective against experimental OA. A pilot study found that D-002 (50 mg/day)for 8 weeks improves OA symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate theeffects of D-002 (50 to 100 mg/day) administered for 6 weeks on OA symptoms. Methods: Patients with OA symptoms were double-blindly randomized to D-002(50 mg) or placebo for 6 weeks. Symptoms were assessed by the Western Ontarioand McMaster Individual Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the visual analogscale (VAS) scores. Patients without symptom improvement at week 3 were titratedto two daily tablets. The primary outcome was the total WOMAC score. WOMACpain, joint stiffness and physical function scores, VAS score, and use of rescuemedications were secondary outcomes. Results: All randomized patients (n = 60) completed the study, and 23 experienceddose titration (two in the D-002 and 21 in the placebo groups). At study completion,D-002 reduced total WOMAC (65.4%), pain (54.9%), joint stiffness (76.8%), andphysical function (66.9%) WOMAC scores, and the VAS score (46.8%) versusplacebo. These reductions were significant beginning in the second week, andbecame enhanced during the trial. The use of rescue medication by the D-002(6/30) group was lower than that in the placebo (17/30) group. The treatment waswell tolerated. Seven patients (two in the D-002 and five in the placebo group)reported adverse events. Conclusions: These results indicate that D-002 (50 to 100 mg/day) for 6 weeksameliorated arthritic symptoms and was well tolerated.

Managing Within a Creative Environment

Sarah A. Meyer 사단법인 한국브랜드디자인학회 2007 브랜드디자인학연구 Vol.5 No.1

Managing a complex system, such as a design group, is not a matter of facilitating a sequence of discrete steps. It involves the interaction of self-management, cooperative behavior, feedback, and flexibility in processes that orchestrate these elements to the benefit of organizational strategy and the development of specific projects. Sarah Meyer defines this approach and illustrates the significance of these issues with "in-the-trenches" commentary from design managers.

"One two, One two": A Teacher`s Use of Speech, Gesture, and the Environment to Impart Information

( Sarah Creider ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2012 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.16 No.-

Sarah Creider(2012), "``One two, One two``: A Teacher`s Use of Speech, Gesture, and the Environment to Impart Information," Language & Information Society 16. Research from a variety of theoretical and methodological frameworks has been devoted to teacher-student talk, and the ways in which this talk contributes to student learning (e.g., Mehan 1979, Cadzen 2001, Markee 2004). However, teachers may draw on resources other than talk to convey a message or teach a concept. This study uses conversation analysis (CA) to explore how one experienced educator uses both verbal and non-verbal conduct to convey information. As the teacher explains new activities and ideas, she uses deictic gestures to show her students exactly where in the physical environment to place their attention (Goodwin 2003a), while also illustrating her directives with her own body. Similarly, by using her body as a bridge between her verbal turns and physical objects such as chips and dice, the teacher helps her students connect abstract mathematical ideas with the physical world. The teacher`s precise use of rhythm and timing allow her to link verbal utterances, physical movement, mathematical concepts and symbols, and the environment. The findings described below show the complexities involved in giving information in pedagogical contexts. They also build on previous work on gesture in interaction and in educational settings, suggesting that timing can be an important communicative resource, and that verbal and non-verbal conduct can interact in crucial ways with participants` physical surroundings.

Managing Within a Creative Environment

Sarah A. Meyor 한국브랜드디자인학회 2007 브랜드디자인학연구 Vol.5 No.1

Managing a complex system, such as a design group, is not a matter of facilitating a sequence of discrete steps. It involves the interaction of self-management, cooperative behavior, feedback, and flexibility in processes that orchestrate these elements to the benefit of organizational strategy and the development of specific projects. Sarah Meyer defines this approach and illustrates the significance of these issues with in-the-trenches commentary from design managers.

Immediate Effects of Side Lying Manual Lumbar Traction in Patients with Painful Active Lumbar Motion

Doug Creighton, Alexa Schweiger, Sarah Cubr,Doug Creighton, Alexa Schweiger, Sarah Cubr 국제물리치료학회 2017 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine if a gentle form of manual lumbar traction could reduce painful lumbar motions associated with lumbar disc degeneration (LDD). This clinical trial incorporated 134 participants with painful active lumbar motion. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental treatment or sham group. 67 participants received sidelying manual lumbar traction while the other 67 participants received a sham treatment. Pre and post treatment NPRS values for the painful active lumbar motion were recorded for each group. There was a statistically significant improvement (P=0.00) for decreased pain intensity during active lumbar motion in the experimental group as compared to the sham treatment group. The average percent decrease in numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) values was 52.1% for the experimental treatment group and 8.1% for the sham group. The results of the study suggest that side-lying manual lumbar traction can improve painful lumbar motion in patients with LDD.

Large Area Asymmetric Ferromagnetic Nanoring Arrays Fabricated by Capillary Force Lithography

Sarah Kim,Jae-Woo Jung,Tae-Soo Lee,Su Yeon Lee,양승만,정종율,Jun-Ho Jeong 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.1

In this study, we have investigated the nanofabrication of asymmetric ferromagnetic ring arrays by capillary force lithography, which incorporates the essential feature of nanoimprint lithography. The capillary lithography technique enables the fabrication of large area magnetic nanostructures and makes it possible to systematically control the shape of magnetic nanostructures. We prepared various ferromagnetic Co ring arrays with various ring widths down to 100 nm. We investigated magnetization reversal of ferromagnetic nanoring arrays using the focused magneto-optical Kerr effects (FMOKE) and micromagnetic simulation. It was found that mag-netization reversal could be controlled by varying the width and asymmetry in ferromagnetic nanoring structures.

Rules of Engagement: Sport Sponsorship, Anti-Ambush Marketing Legislation, and Alcohol Images during the 2011 Rugby World Cup

Sarah Gee 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol. No.

In 2011, New Zealand/Aotearoa hosted the Rugby World Cup (RWC). Heineken's sponsorship rights as RWC Worldwide Partner and the official beer offered the global conglomerate sole promotional and advertising privileges for all official events, activities, and facilities associated with the event. Yet, local New Zealand beer brand Steinlager also had a vested interest in the tournament considering their 25-year sponsorship of New Zealand's national rugby team, the All Blacks. This study articulates Steinlager's ‘We Believe’ promotional campaign during the 2011 RWC with various socio-historical and political-economic contexts to understand its contested production, meaning, and regulation. Using a critical analysis of the Steinlager ‘We Believe’ television advertisement, wider promotional campaign, and an interview with a key media producer, the findings are presented and discussed within the context of New Zealand's Major Events Management Act, ambush marketing, and the emergence of social media to leverage Steinlager's brand presence during the tournament.

Specific Gravity and Dimensional Stability of Boron-Densified Wood on Three Lesser-Used Species from Indonesia

( Sarah Augustina ),( Imam Wahyudi ),( I Wayan Darmawan ),( Jamaludin Malik ),( Efrida Basri ),( Yoichi Kojima ) 한국목재공학회 2020 목재공학 Vol.48 No.4

Effect of pre-treatment and compression ratio on specific gravity (SG) and dimensional stability improvement of three lesser-used wood species from natural forest area of North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia had been investigated. Hot soaking at 80 ℃ for 3 hours within 2 and 5% of boron solution was applied as pre-treatment, while compression ratio applied was 20 and 40% from the initial thickness. Densification was conducted using hot pressing machine at 30 kg/cm² of pressure and 160 ℃ of temperature for 15 minutes. Specific gravity was measured gravimetrically, while dimensional stability was evaluated through thickness swelling and water absorption as the indicator. Results show that SG of densified wood was influenced by wood species and compression ratio, but not by pre-treatment applied; while dimensional stability was influenced by wood species, compression ratio, and pre-treatment. Specific gravity and water absorption of densified wood was improved significantly. Specific gravity increased 28.86-63.03%, while water absorption decreased 12.80-15.89%. Thickness swelling of 20% densified wood was lower than that of 40% densified wood.

New American Archaeological Methods, with some Applications to Korean Prehistory

Sarah M. Nelson 한국학중앙연구원 1983 한국학 Vol.6 No.2