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Jeong, Myeong Hoon,Sanger, Amit,Kang, Sung Bum,Jung, Yeon Soo,Oh, In Seon,Yoo, Jung Woo,Kim, Gun Ho,Choi, Kyoung Jin The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.32
<P>Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is one of the most promising candidate materials for flexible thermoelectric generators. We report changes in morphological, electrical, and thermoelectric properties of strained PEDOT:PSS thin films treated with solvents, including H2SO4, MeOH, and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The stretching creates macroscopic cracks on the thin film surface and microscopically change the domain structure from a dense network to an isolated state. With increasing strain, short, fine cracks at small strains propagate into long, thick cracks. The H2SO4 treatment makes PEDOT:PSS very brittle even at ∼5% strain, whereas PEG improves the stretchability of PEDOT:PSS up to 50%. Stretching reduces the electrical conductivity of solvent-treated samples, which agrees well with the decreased hole concentration of strained PEDOT:PSS, as confirmed by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. In contrast, the Seebeck coefficient (<I>S</I>) of the strained PEDOT:PSS thin films increases. The PEG sample shows the highest <I>S</I>, and thus exhibits an enhanced power factor (PF) with strain, while other solvent treatments reduce PF. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the strain-induced enhancement of <I>S</I> and thermoelectric PF of PEDOT:PSS.</P>
Syed T. Hussain*,M. Mazhar,Sheraz Gul,Karl T Chuang,Alan R. Sanger 대한화학회 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.11
Two types of catalyst samples were prepared, one sulfated zirconia and the other silica doped sulfated zirconia. The acidity tests indicate that sulfated zirconia doped with silica has higher concentration and strength of acidic catalyst sites than undoped sulfated zirconia. The acidic surface sites have been characterized using FTIR, NMR, pyridine adsorption, TPD, XRD and nitrogen adsorption. Doping with silica increased the concentration of surface Lewis and Brfnsted acid sites and resulted in generation of proximate acid sites.The activity test indicates that doping sulfated zirconia with silica increases both the acidity and catalytic activity for liquid phase dehydration of methanol at 413-453 K. Methanol is sequentially dehydrated to dimethyl ether and ethylene over both catalysts. Significant amounts of propylene are also formed over the silica-doped catalyst, but not over the undoped catalyst.
Hussain, Syed T.,Mazhar, M.,Gul, Sheraz,Chuang, Karl T,Sanger, Alan R. Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.11
Two types of catalyst samples were prepared, one sulfated zirconia and the other silica doped sulfated zirconia. The acidity tests indicate that sulfated zirconia doped with silica has higher concentration and strength of acidic catalyst sites than undoped sulfated zirconia. The acidic surface sites have been characterized using FTIR, NMR, pyridine adsorption, TPD, XRD and nitrogen adsorption. Doping with silica increased the concentration of surface Lewis and Brfnsted acid sites and resulted in generation of proximate acid sites.The activity test indicates that doping sulfated zirconia with silica increases both the acidity and catalytic activity for liquid phase dehydration of methanol at 413-453 K. Methanol is sequentially dehydrated to dimethyl ether and ethylene over both catalysts. Significant amounts of propylene are also formed over the silica-doped catalyst, but not over the undoped catalyst.
Kang, Sung Bun,Kwon, Ki Chang,Choi, Kyoung Soon,Lee, Rochelle,Hong, Kootak,Suh, Jun Min,Im, Min Ji,Sanger, Amit,Choi, In Young,Kim, Soo Young,Shin, Jae Cheol,Jang, Ho Won,Choi, Kyoung Jin Elsevier 2018 Nano energy Vol.50 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are very promising for photovoltaic (PV) applications due to their excellent light absorption properties and appropriate bandgap energy, Although multifunctional applications of TMDCs in photovoltaic devices have been achieved, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency under 1 sun is still very low with small active area because of their inexpedient high sheet resistance and limitation of synthesis techniques. In this study, we demonstrate uniform synthesis of 4-in. wafer-scale MoS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films by thermal decomposition of solution precursors. The solar cells are fabricated by transferring n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films on p-Si substrates to form p-n heterojunctions and then transferring Au nanomeshes prepared in a novel surface treatment as transparent top electrodes onto MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. The circular n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>/p-Si heterojunction solar cell exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 5.96% at a diameter of 0.3 in. and proved to be easily scalable to 1-in. diameter with 5.18% efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, the solar cells of this study are the most efficient and the largest in all types of solar cells based on TMDC reported so far. Finally, based on finite difference time-domain simulation, we proposed a strategy for implementing n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>/p-Si heterojunction solar cell with efficiency higher than 15% by introducing optimal doping control of n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> and efficient anti-reflection layers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The large scale, uniform (4-in.) MoS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films are synthesized. </LI> <LI> High transparent, low sheet resistances electrodes are fabricated in a novel way. </LI> <LI> The efficient MoS<SUB>2</SUB> based solar cells are developed by all transfer process including top electrodes. </LI> <LI> The highest, largest MoS<SUB>2</SUB> p-Si/ heterojunction solar cells are demonstrated. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P> <B>The highest performance (5.96%), largest area (1 in.) n-MoS2/p-Si solar cells with transparent electrodes fabricated by a novel way.</B> The transparent electrodes lowers the series resistance of the fabricated solar cells, facilitating the collection of photo-generated carriers from the junction. In our knowledge, we have achieved the highest photovoltaic performance at largest active area by using transparent nanomesh electrode among TMDC based solar cells.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>