Estimation of the Deep-Drawability of Aluminum Square Cups by Fracture Forces

Saiki, Hiroyuki,Marumo, Yasuo 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1998 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.4 No.3

Several fracture forces for the evaluation of the forming limit are investigated. The influence of flange lubrication, blank shapes, blank materials and tool shapes on the fracture forces is examined. The increase in the critical fracture force (the ability to sustain deep-drawing forces) is required for the improvement in the deep-drawability of square cups. Constant fracture force and transitional fracture force are used as target values for the increase in the critical fracture force. Both the fracture forces are independent of the blank shapes, and influenced by the flange lubrication, the blank materials and the tool shapes. The deep-drawability of square cups is evaluated by means of the fracture forces.

Droplet deformability and emulsion rheology: steady and dynamic behavior

Saiki Yasushi,Prestidge Clive A. The Korean Society of Rheology 2005 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.17 No.4

The static and dynamic rheological behavior of concentrated sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) stabilized, deformability controllable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsions is reported and comparisons made with silica (hard sphere) suspensions. Steady-mode measurements indicate 'hard' (viscoelastic) droplets behave as hard spheres, while 'soft' (viscous) droplets induce structural flexibility of the emulsion against shear. Dynamic-mode measurements reveal that viscoelasticity of droplets provides the great magnitude of elasticity for the 'hard' emulsion, while formation of planar films between droplets is the origin of the elasticity of 'soft' emulsions. Combination of steady and dynamic rheological behavior has enabled depiction of droplet structure evolution in relation to the shear stress applied, especially by taking advantage of the normal force that reflects the transient deformation of droplets.

In vivo Anti-metastatic Action of Ginseng Protopanaxadiol Saponins is Based on Their Intestinal Bacterial Metabolites After Oral Administration

Saiki, Ikuo 경희대학교 2001 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.2001 No.1

Ginseng(the root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER, Araliaceae) has been used for traditional medicine in China, Korea, Japan and other Asian countries for the treatment of various diseases including psychiatric and neurologic diseases as well as diabetes mellitus. So far, ginseng saponins(ginsenosides) have been regarded as the principal componentsresponsible for the pharmacological activities of ginseng. Previously, it was reported thatprotopanaxadiol-type ginsenisides such as Rb1, Rb2 and Rc are metabolized by intestinalbacteria after oral administration to their final derivative 20-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol, which is referred to as M1 or compound K. In the present study, we investigated in vivo and in vitro anti-metastatic activities of M1 in comparison with ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2 and Rc and its inhibitory mechanism of action. The main bacterial metabolite M1 is an active component of orally administered ginsenosides, and that the anti-metastatic effect by oral administration of ginsenosides may be primarily mediated through the inhibition of tumor invasion, migration and growth of tumor cells by their metabolite M1. M1 inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner, and in addition induced apoptotic cell death. The induction of apoptosis by M1 involved the up-regulation of the CDK-inhibtor p27kipl as well as the down-regulation of c-Myc and cyclic D1. The nucleosomal distribution of M1 suggests that the modification of these molecules is induced by transcriptional regulation.

Relationship between Unit-Level Nurses' Expectations from Nursing Assistant Roles and Individual Nursing Assistants’ Information-Sharing Behaviors: A Multilevel Mediation Analysis

Saiki Masatoshi,Takemura Yukie,Kunie Keiko 한국간호과학회 2023 Asian Nursing Research Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expectations of unit-level nurses from nursing assistants (NAs), frequency of individual NAs' information-sharing behaviors with nurses, and the effect of NAs’ self-perceived roles on this relationship. NAs provide patient care along with nurses, and their information-sharing behaviors with nurses may be influenced by the expectations of the nurses. Methods: Nurses and NAs from 104 integrated community care (sub- and postacute) units were included in this Japanese cross-sectional study conducted from July to September 2018. Nurses' expectations from NAs and the NAs' self-perceived roles and information-sharing frequency were measured. Multilevel mediation analysis was performed for NAs’ information-sharing behaviors, such as expressing, asking, providing linguistic responses, and providing feedback. Results: Unit-level nurses' expectations from NAs were associated with the frequency of NAs' asking and responding behaviors with nurses (p < .05), mediated by the NAs' self-perceived roles. The frequency of NAs’ expressing behaviors and feedback were also associated with their self-perceived roles (p < .001). Conclusions: High expectations of unit-level nurses from NAs led to better perception by NAs of their roles and led to better information-sharing behaviors. Educating nurses on NAs’ roles may improve information-sharing between nurses and NAs that leads to safe and appropriate care to patients.

Anti-metastatic Effect of Ginseng Saponins and its Molecular Mechanism

Saiki, Ikuo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2003 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.27 No.4

In vivo anti-metastatic action of Ginseng Saponins is based on their intestinal bacterial metabolites after oral administration

Saiki, Ikuo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2007 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.31 No.1

We found that the main bacterial metabolite M1 is an active component of orally administered protopanxadiol-type ginsenosides, and that the anti-metastatic effect by oral administration of ginsenosides may be primarily mediated through the inhibition of tumor invasion, migration and growth of tumor cells by their metabolite M1. Pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of ginsenoside Rb1 revealed that M1 was detected in serum for 24 h by HPLC analysis but Rb1 was not detected. M1, with anti-metastatic property, inhibited the proliferation of murine and human tumor cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in vitro, and also induced apoptotic cell death (the ladder fragmentation of the extracted DNA). The induction of apoptosis by M1 involved the up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK) inhibitor $p27^{Kip1}$ as well as the down-regulation of a proto-oncogene product c-Myc and cyclin D1 in a time-dependent manner. Thus, M1 might cause the cell-cycle arrest (G1 phase arrest) in honor cells through the up/down-regulation of these cell-growth related molecules, and consequently induce apoptosis. The nucleosomal distribution of fluorescence-labeled M1 suggests that the modification of these molecules is induced by transcriptional regulation. Tumor-induced angiogenesis (neovascularization) is one of the most important events concerning tumor growth and metastasis. Neovascularization toward and into tumor is a crucial step for the delivery of nutrition and oxygen to tumors, and also functions as the metastatic pathway to distant organs. M1 inhibited the tube-like formation of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial (HSE) cells induced by the conditioned medium of colon 26-L5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, M1 at the concentrations used in this study did not affect the growth of HSE cells in vitro.

Inhibition of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis by Calcium Spirulan(Ca-SP), a Novel Sulfated Polysaccharide Derived from a Blue-Green Alga Spirulina Platensis

Saiki, Ikuo,Murata, Jun,Fujii, Hideki,Kato, Toshimitsu The Korean Nutrition Society 2004 Nutritional Sciences Vol.7 No.3

We have investigated the effect of calcium spirulan(Ca-SP) isolated from a blue-green alga Spirulina platensis, which is a sulfated polysaccharide chelating calcium and mainly composed of rhamnose and fructose, on invasion of both B16- BL6 melanoma cells, Colon 26 carcinoma and HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells through reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel). Ca-SP significantly inhibited the invasion of these tumor cells through Matrigel/fibronectin-coated filters in a concentration-dependent manner. Ca-SP also inhibited the haptotactic migration of tumor cells to laminin, but it had no inhibitory effect on tumor cell migration to fibronectin-coated filters. Ca-SP prevented the adhesion of B16-BL6 cells to Matrigel- and laminin-substrates but did not affect the adhesion to fibronectin. The pretreatment of tumor cells with Ca-SP inhibited the adhesion to laminin in a concentration-dependent fashion, while the pretreatment of laminin-substrates did not. Ca-SP had no effect on the production and activation of type IV collagenase in gelatin zymography. In contraset, Ca-SP significantly inhibited degradation of heparan sulfate by purified heparanase. The experimental lung metastasis was significantly reduced by co-injection of B16-BL6 cells with Ca-SP in a dose-dependent manner. Seven intermittent ⅰ.ⅴ. injection of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$ of Ca-SP caused a marked decrease of lung tumor colonization of B16-BL6 cells in a spontaneous lung metastasis model. These results suggest that Ca-SP, a novel sulfated polysaccharide, could reduce the lung colonization of B16-BL6 melanoma cells in experimental metastasis model, by inhibiting the tumor invasion of basement membrane Matrigel, probably through the prevention of the adhesion and migration of tumor cells to laminin-substrate and of the heparanase activity.

Formulations of Job Strain and Psychological Distress: A Four-year Longitudinal Study in Japan

Saiki Mayumi,Matthews Timothy A.,Kawakami Norito,Robbins Wendie,Jian Li 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2024 Safety and health at work Vol.15 No.1

Background Different job strain formulations based on the Job Demand-Control model have been developed. This study evaluated longitudinal associations between job strain and psychological distress and whether associations were influenced by six formulations of job strain, including quadrant (original and simplified), subtraction, quotient, logarithm quotient, and quartile based on quotient, in randomly selected Japanese workers. Methods Data were from waves I and II of the Survey of Midlife in Japan (MIDJA), with a 4-year follow-up period. The study sample consisted of 412 participants working at baseline and had complete data on variables of interest. Associations between job strain at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up were assessed via multivariable linear regression, and results were expressed as β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals including R2 and Akaike information criterion (AIC) evaluation. Results Crude models revealed that job strain formulations explained 6.93–10.30% of variance. The AIC ranged from 1475.87 to 1489.12. After accounting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors and psychological distress at baseline, fully-adjusted models indicated significant associations between all job strain formulations at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up: original quadrant (β: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.21), simplified quadrant (β: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.85), subtraction (β: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.70), quotient (β: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67), logarithm quotient (β: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72), and quartile based on quotient (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.08). Conclusion Six job strain formulations showed robust predictive power regarding psychological distress over 4 years among Japanese workers. Background Different job strain formulations based on the Job Demand-Control model have been developed. This study evaluated longitudinal associations between job strain and psychological distress and whether associations were influenced by six formulations of job strain, including quadrant (original and simplified), subtraction, quotient, logarithm quotient, and quartile based on quotient, in randomly selected Japanese workers. Methods Data were from waves I and II of the Survey of Midlife in Japan (MIDJA), with a 4-year follow-up period. The study sample consisted of 412 participants working at baseline and had complete data on variables of interest. Associations between job strain at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up were assessed via multivariable linear regression, and results were expressed as β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals including R2 and Akaike information criterion (AIC) evaluation. Results Crude models revealed that job strain formulations explained 6.93–10.30% of variance. The AIC ranged from 1475.87 to 1489.12. After accounting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors and psychological distress at baseline, fully-adjusted models indicated significant associations between all job strain formulations at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up: original quadrant (β: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.21), simplified quadrant (β: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.85), subtraction (β: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.70), quotient (β: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67), logarithm quotient (β: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72), and quartile based on quotient (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.08). Conclusion Six job strain formulations showed robust predictive power regarding psychological distress over 4 years among Japanese workers.

Invited Lectures ( 1998 . 11 . 12 -17 ) : In vivo Anti - metastatic Action of Ginseng Protopanaxadiol saponins is Based on Their Intestinal Bacterial Metabolites After Oral Administration

(Ikuo SAIKI) 한국응용약물학회 1998 학술대회 Vol.1998 No.1

In vivo anti-metastatic action of Ginseng Saponins is based on their intestinal bacterial metabolites after oral administration

Ikuo Saiki 고려인삼학회 2007 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.31 No.1

We found that the main bacterial metabolite M1 is an active component of orally administered protopanxadioltype ginsenosides, and that the anti-metastatic effect by oral administration of ginsenosides may be primarily mediated through the inhibition of tumor invasion, migration and growth of tumor cells by their metabolite M1. Pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of ginsenoside Rb1 revealed that M1 was detected in serum for 24 h by HPLC analysis but Rb1 was not detected. M1, with anti-metastatic property, inhibited the proliferation of murine and human tumor cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in vitro, and also induced apoptotic cell death (the ladder fragmentation of the extracted DNA). The induction of apoptosis by M1 involved the up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p27<SUP>Kip1</SUP> as well as the down-regulation of a proto-oncogene product c-Myc and cyclin D1 in a timedependent manner. Thus, M1 might cause the cell-cycle arrest (G1 phase arrest) in tumor cells through the up/down-regulation of these cell-growth related molecules, and consequently induce apoptosis. The nucleosomal distribution of fluorescence- labeled M1 suggests that the modification of these molecules is induced by transcriptional regulation. Tumorinduced angiogenesis (neovascularization) is one of the most important events concerning tumor growth and metastasis. Neovascularization toward and into tumor is a crucial step for the delivery of nutrition and oxygen to tumors, and also functions as the metastatic pathway to distant organs. M1 inhibited the tube-like formation of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial (HSE) cells induced by the conditioned medium of colon 26-L5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, M1 at the concentrations used in this study did not affect the growth of HSE cells in vitro.