Study on Atmospheric Corrosion for Two Different Marine Environments in India

( Jayanta Kumar Saha ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2007 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.6 No.3

Tourism in retrospect of COVID-19 on global perspective using analytical hierarchy process

Saha Jayanta,Haldar Subrata,Bhattacharya Subhasis,Paul Suman 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.6

Covid-19 pandemic has brought remarkable shocks over tourism globally. In case of tourism such experience of epidemic is quite new in terms of time gestation. Even world agencies cannot estimate the amount of loss and fails to predict the full pace running stage of the sector. The study tries to estimate the impact of pandemic over the tourism. Rather than these, the main aspect of the study is to formulate a rank resulted by tourism impact of the studied countries over its economics considering the variables like GDP share of tourism and number of tourist arrivals (2017, 2018 and 2019), tourism dependency rate, tourism competitive index, jobs directly depends on tourism and contribution of tourism in terms of international receipts. The study uses Analytical Hierarchical Process to estimate the impact of Covid-19 over tourism. Results shows the countries with higher dependencies over tourism severely affected and those results are in linearity.

An insight on land use and land cover change due to tourism growth in coastal area and its environmental consequences from West Bengal, India

Saha Jayanta,Paul Suman 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.4

In developing countries, tourism often considered as the tool of economic development. The coastal virgin environment provides lot of opportunities for establishment of tourism industries. Along the coastal tract of Purba Medinipur district of West Bengal, India, a number of tourism destinations have been emerged and. Mandarmani–Tajpur area has found as a booming of tourists during last 10–15 years. This study analyse the tourism-led land use change around these destinations during 2009 to 2019 and its environmental consequences. Google Earth satellite images of the study area for 2009 and 2019 have been utilized for LULC classification. Based on the data derived from LULC classification a land use change matrix has been constructed to identify the land use land cover change between 2009 and 2019. The result confirmed that decreased in agriculture land, vegetation cover, aquaculture with water bodies and sand dune. On the other part, current fallow, settlement area and area under tourism related activities have been found in increasing nature. The agriculture lands, current fallow, sand dunes, vegetation cover have been transformed into tourism area because of establishment of hotels and resorts and tourism related enterprises over the dunes, agriculture land current fallows. Hotels and resorts have been constructed by clearing of vegetation cover. Due to flourish of tourism activities within CRZ (Coastal Regulation Zone), entire landscape has been fragmented, vegetation cover degenerated, and dune ecology has been destructed. Finally, discussion has indicated to a sustainable tourism development plan for controlling the negative environmental consequences.

Spatio-temporal trend and change point detection of winter temperature of North Bengal, India

Jayanta Das,Tapash Mandal,Piu Saha 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.4

The trend of temperature and homogeneity are the most significant issue for climate change allied research. This research aims to identify the long-term trend and change point detection of winter maximum (tmax), minimum (tmin) and average (tmean) temperature of six meteorological stations of North Bengal, India using 102 years’ time series data (1915–2016). To detect the monotonic trend and the rate of change, non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimator were used. Homogeneity of winter temperature was studied using Buishand’s range test (B test) and Pettit’s test (P test). From the results, it was observed that most of the stations were showed significant (P\0.05) warming trend in winter season. The rate of increasing was highest at station English Bazar in the month of December. On the other hand, significant changed of winter tmax and tmean occurred in around 1959 and 1952 respectively, while for tmin it was quite late, occurred in the year 1988. The populations of North Bengal who are dependent on temperature- related primary economic activities are getting benefitted from this study. In addition, these analyses will be helpful for policymakers and scientist to focus on microlevel planning and sustainable Rabi crops management in this region.

SOME RESULTS ON THE UNIQUE RANGE SETS

Chakraborty, Bikash,Kamila, Jayanta,Pal, Amit Kumar,Saha, Sudip Korean Mathematical Society 2021 대한수학회지 Vol.58 No.3

In this paper, we exhibit the equivalence between different notions of unique range sets, namely, unique range sets, weighted unique range sets and weak-weighted unique range sets under certain conditions. Also, we present some uniqueness theorems which show how two meromorphic functions are uniquely determined by their two finite shared sets. Moreover, in the last section, we make some observations that help us to construct other new classes of unique range sets.

Trials and tribulations of conducting interventional studies in urban slums of a developing country: Experiences from Kolkata, India

Mahapatra, Tanmay,Mahapatra, Sanchita,Pal, Debottam,Saha, Jayanta,Lopez, AnnaLena,Ali, Mohammad,Bannerjee, Barnali,Manna, Byomkesh,Sur, Dipika,Bhattacharya, Sujit,Kanungo, Suman TaylorFrancis 2016 Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics Vol.12 No.1

<P>Experimental studies involving human subjects provide most internally valid evidences in epidemiological research due to their robust methodology. While conducting population-based interventional studies, to achieve external validity, inclusion of information from vulnerable groups like urban slum-dwellers of the developing world, in the epidemiological estimates is of paramount importance. The challenges faced while conducting 2 consecutive large-scale, community-based vaccine trials in urban slums of Kolkata, India are presented in this article. Interventions in these communities often get constrained by issues pertaining to human rights and benefits, socio-cultural factors, political environment, methodological shortcomings in addition to the challenges in ensuring community participation. While conducting these trials although we intermittently faced obstacles, by virtue of having a long term and robust surveillance system and developing a trusted relationship between the researchers, community leaders and residents we were able to come up with a commendable community participation which culminated into the success of the interventions. Bridging the gap between research and field operations by incorporating knowledge gathered from interventional studies and making strategies to improve health conditions of these informal settlers is a major unfulfilled agenda. We believe the lessons learnt during our research will help researchers while developing efficient interventions in similar setting.</P>

An Open Label Non-inferiority Trial Assessing Vibriocidal Response of a Killed Bivalent Oral Cholera Vaccine Regimen following a Five Year Interval in Kolkata, India

Kanungo, Suman,Desai, Sachin N.,Saha, Jayanta,Nandy, Ranjan Kumar,Sinha, Anuradha,Kim, Deok Ryun,Bannerjee, Barnali,Manna, Byomkesh,Yang, Jae Seung,Ali, Mohammad,Sur, Dipika,Wierzba, Thomas F. Public Library of Science 2015 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.9 No.5

<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>The bivalent killed oral cholera vaccine (OCV) provides 65% cumulative protection over five years. It remains unknown whether a boosting regimen can maintain protection in previously immunized populations. This study examines the immunogenicity and safety of an OCV regimen given five years following initial dosing.</P><P><B>Methodology/Principal Findings</B></P><P>An open label controlled trial was conducted in 426 healthy Indian participants previously enrolled in a large efficacy trial. To assess whether an OCV regimen given after five years can elicit an antibody response equal to that of a primary series, we compared vibriocidal antibody titers in previously immunized participants receiving a two dose booster regimen to participants receiving a primary two dose immunization series. Among participants receiving a two dose primary series of OCV (n = 186), 69% (95% CI 62%-76%) seroconverted. In the intervention arm (n = 184), 66% (95% CI 59%-73%) seroconverted following a two dose boosting schedule given five years following the initial series. Following a single boosting dose, 71% (95% CI 64%-77%) seroconverted. Children demonstrated 79% (95% CI 69%-86%) and 82% (95% CI 73%-88%) seroconversion after primary and boosting regimens, respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusions/Significance</B></P><P>Administration of an OCV boosting regimen elicits an immune response similar to those receiving a primary series in endemic areas. Though a single boosting dose induces a strong immune response, further investigations are needed to measure if these findings translate to clinical protection.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>The five year efficacy results of the bivalent, killed whole cell oral cholera vaccine (WC OCV) was shown to offer 65% protection in cholera endemic Kolkata. Further search strategies focused on natural boosting of immunity, since this trial assessed protection in a population that has endemic cholera at high rates every year. The efficacy demonstrated in this project reflected both vaccine and naturally induced immunity. Though efficacy is maintained for five years, no formal recommendations on a boosting regimen exist. This study suggests that a boosting regimen of killed OCV can elicit vibriocidal titers similar to those levels produced by a primary series in adults and children residing in endemic areas. A boosting recommendation could help to ease logistical challenges faced in maintaining protection in cholera endemic areas. These immunogenicity findings provide initial evidence to support the use of an OCV boosting regimen five years following the primary series, with consideration of a shorter interval for children under the age of 5 years due to a lower observed efficacy in field trials.</P></▼2>