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S.E. Iyuke,M.O. Daramola,P. Mokena,A. Marshall 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.30 No.-
Thermodynamic stability of synthetic diamond films, produced at 1000–1100 8C from a swirledcontinuousCatalytic Chemical Vapour Deposition (CCVD) reactor, is reported. Simple photographs of theas-produced samples displayed several colours that characterize typical beam diffraction spectra ofdiamond. Raman spectrum revealed a single sharp diamond peak at 1381.4 cm 1 and graphite peaks of1560 and 1360 cm 1, confirming formation of graphitic carbons and production of graphitic diamond. The quantity of the as-prepared diamond was proportional to the acetylene to hydrogen ratio used in thereactor feed and the apparent proportional relationship between the acetylene and hydrogen ratio andthe quantity of diamonds produced only holds at sufficient quantity of acetylene. The synthesizeddiamond films were unstable at temperature of 90 8C, but displayed phase stability when stored at roomtemperature in a dark cupboard for 1.5 years. However, presence of impurities in the diamond filmsnegatively affects their thermodynamic stability, and effective purification method to remove theimpurities could improve the thermodynamic stability.
Coal as a carbon source for carbon nanotube synthesis
Moothi, K.,Iyuke, S.E.,Meyyappan, M.,Falcon, R. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Carbon Vol.50 No.8
This article reviews the recent advances on the various processes used in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from different types of coal (anthracite, bituminous, etc.) and on the role played by coal as carbon source in the production of CNTs. The molecular solid coal is inexpensive and widely available in comparison to the most widely used solid carbon precursor, graphite (a lattice solid) and high purity hydrocarbon gas sources. An account is given on the different processes involved in the synthesis of various CNTs (single and multi-walled, bamboo-shaped, branched, etc.) from different types of coal (anthracite, bituminous, etc.). Both arc-discharge and thermal plasma jet produce high quality CNTs but fundamental disadvantages limit their use as large-scale synthesis routes. Chemical vapour deposition appears to be promising but further experimental work is necessary in order to develop an understanding of the complex factors governing the formation of different carbon nanomaterials from coal. Successful utilization of CNTs in various applications is strongly dependent on the development of simple, efficient and inexpensive technology for mass production and coal as a carbon source has the potential to meet the needs.