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S. Dehghan,M. Tavassoti Kheiri,M. Tabatabaiean,S. Darzi,M. Tafaghodi 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.8
The objective of this study was to develop andstatistically optimize chitosan nanospheres. For this purposechitosan powder was turned into nanospheres using tripolyphosphateas a crosslinker and through ionic gelation. D-optimal response surface design was applied to optimizethe nanospheres. Their size and polydispersity index (PDI)were measured as the dependant variables. Then the inactivatedinfluenza virus and/or CpG ODN or Quillaja saponin(QS) were incorporated into the chitosan nanospheres. Therelease profiles of the antigen and both adjuvants wereobtained. The toxicity of the formulations was tested byXTT using Calu 6 cell lines. The size distribution and PDIof plain chitosan nanospheres was 581.1 ± 32.6 and0.478 ± 0.04. After 4 h the release of antigen, QS and CpGfrom the chitosan matrix were 33, 36 and 62 %, respectively. The inactivated virus remained intact during preparation,as revealed by the SDS-PAGE method. Differentialscanning calorimetry and Fourier Transform InfraredSpectroscopy indicated no serious structural changes in thechitosan carrier in the presence of either the antigen or theimmunoadjuvants. Although the antigen loaded into chitosannanospheres showed slight cytotoxicity on lung-cancercells, co-encapsulation of the adjuvant (especially CpG)lowered this effect. The results demonstrated that chitosanas a carrier and immunostimulator, along with CpG or QSadjuvants, creates a potential influenza vaccine deliverysystem which can be administered nasally.
Gh. Dehghan Khalili,S. Alipour,M. R. Akbarpour,S. Moniri Javadhesari 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.8
In this study, copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were incorporate within polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and CuO–PVAnanocomposite film was fabricated by solution casting technique. In order to synthesize nanoparticles, a cost-competitive andfacile approach namely mechanochemical method was implemented. As nanoparticles precursors, pre-determined amountof CuSO4,NaCl, and NaOH were mixed. The mixture was ball-milled in zirconia medium for 10 h at ambient temperatureand rotational speed of 300 rpm. The XRD characterization analysis indicated CuO nanoparticles formation by ball milling. The CuO size was estimated to be in the ≈ 37 nm range. SEM images demonstrated the spherical morphology andlittle agglomeration for the nanoparticles. Furthermore, the bandgap energy of CuO was determined to be 1.84 eV. TheCuO content in the nanocomposite was set to be 2, 4, 8, and 10 wt%. Strong interaction between the PVA matrix and CuOnanofiller was confirmed by XRD and FT-IR investigations. Moreover, integration of CuO to the polymer matrix resultedin a decreased PVA crystallinity. The antibacterial behavior of PVA was increased by the addition of nanoparticles, and theCuO–PVA nanocomposite containing up to 4 wt% CuO had desirable antibacterial properties demonstrated against Escherichiacoli activity. CuO nanoparticles incorporating to PVA network led to reinforced mechanical and dielectric propertiesfor the nanocomposites. Besides, nanoparticles loading had direct impact on the intensified properties. Tensile strength wasenhanced from 85.8 (pure PVA) to 154.9 MPa (PVA-10 wt% CuO). The tensile modulus for neat PVA was 0.9 GPa andraised dramatically to 4.5 GPa for PVA-10 wt% CuO. Dielectric constant also improved more than three times at 1 kHzcomparing PVA and PVA-10 wt% CuO.
Indirect Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Quantities of Hydrazine
Haji Shabani, A.M.,Dadfarnia, S.,Dehghan, K. Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.2
An indirect, sensitive and accurate method for the determination of trace amounts of hydrazine is described. The method is based on the oxidation of hydrazine by a known excess of iodate in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The unreacted iodate is used in the oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite. Sulfanilic acid is diazotized by the nitrite formed. The resulting diazonium ion is coupled with N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine to form a stable azo dye, which shows an absorption maximum at 540 nm. Hydrazine can be determined in the range of 20-400 ng $mL^{-1}$ with a detection limit of 3.1 ng $mL^{-1}$. The relative standard deviation for 50, 200 and 400 ng $mL^{-1}$ of hydrazine is 2, 1.5 and 1.3%, respectively (n = 10). The method was applied to the determination of hydrazine in water samples.