Priority-based Unequal Error Protection Scheme of Data partitioned H.264 video with Hierarchical QAM

( Chen Rui ),( Wu Minghu ),( Yang Jie ),( Rui Xiongli ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.11

In this paper, we propose a priority-based unequal error protection scheme of data partitioned H.264/AVC video with hierarchical quadrature amplitude modulation. In order to map data with higher priority onto the most significant bits of QAM constellation points, a priority sorting method categorizes different data partitions according to the unequal importance factor of encoded video data in one group of pictures by evaluated the average distortion. Then we propose a hierarchical quadrature amplitude modulation arrangement with adaptive constellation distances, which takes into account the unequal importance of encoded video data and the channel status. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the received video quality by about 2 dB in PSNR comparing with the state-of-the-art unequal error protection scheme, and outperforms EEP scheme by up to 5 dB when the average channel SNR is low.

Surgical Treatment for Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Chen, Shao-Bin,Weng, Hong-Rui,Wang, Geng,Yang, Jie-Sheng,Yang, Wei-Ping,Liu, Di-Tian,Chen, Yu-Ping,Zhang, Hao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

More studies are needed to clarify treatments and prognosis of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This retrospective study was designed to review the outcome of surgical treatment for early ESCC, evaluate the results of a left thoracotomy for selected patients with early ESCC, and identify factors affecting lymph node metastases and survival. The clinicopathological data of 228 patients with early ESCC who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy without preoperative adjuvant treatment were reviewed. The ${\chi}^2$ test or Fisher's exact test were used to detect factors related to lymph node metastasis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. There were 152 males and 76 females with a median age of 55 years. Two hundred and eight patients underwent a left thoracotomy, and the remaining 20 patients with lymph nodes in the upper mediastinum more than 5 mm in short-axis diameter by computed tomography scan underwent a right thoracotomy. No lymph node metastasis was found in the 18 patients with carcinoma in situ, while lymph node metastases were detected in 1.6% (1/62) of patients with mucosal tumours and 18.2% (27/148) of patients with submucosal tumours. Only 7 patients showed upper mediastinal lymph node metastases in the follow-up. The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 81.4% and 70.1%, respectively. Only histologic grade (P<0.001) and pT category (P=0.001) significantly correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases. In multivariate analysis, only histologic grade (P=0.026) and pT category (P=0.008) were independent prognostic factors. A left thoracotomy is acceptable for selected patients with early ESCC. Histologic grade and pT category affected the presence of lymph node metastases and were independent prognostic factors for early ESCC.

Combination of Tumor Volume and Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Improved Prognostic Stratification of Stage II Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Era: A Large-Scale Cohort Study

Qiu-Yan Chen,Shao-Yan Guo,Lin-Quan Tang,Tong-Yu Lu,Bo-Lin Chen,Qi-Yu Zhong,Meng-Sha Zou,Qing-Nan Tang,Wen-Hui Chen,Shan-Shan Guo,Li-Ting Liu,Yang Li,Ling Guo,Hao-Yuan Mo,Rui Sun,Dong-Hua Luo,Chong Zha 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.3

Purpose Little is known about combination of the circulating Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) DNA and tumor volume in prognosis of stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era. We conducted this cohort study to evaluate the prognostic values of combining these two factors. Materials and Methods By Kaplan-Meier, we compare the differences of survival curves between 385 patients with different EBV DNA or tumor volume levels, or with the combination of two biomarkers mentioned above. Results Gross tumor volume of cervical lymph nodes (GTVnd, p < 0.001) and total tumor volume (GTVtotal, p < 0.001) were both closely related to pretreatment EBV DNA, while gross tumor volume of nasopharynx (GTVnx, p=0.047) was weakly related to EBV DNA. EBV DNA was significantly correlated with progress-free survival (PFS, p=0.005), locoregional-free survival (LRFS, p=0.039), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, p=0.017), while GTVtotal, regardless of GTVnx and GTVnd, had a significant correlation with PFS and LRFS. The p-values of GTVtotal for PFS and LRFS were 0.008 and 0.001, respectively. According to GTVtotal and pretreatment EBV DNA level, patients were divided into a low-risk group (EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm3; EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal  30 cm3; or EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm3) and a high-risk group (EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal  30 cm3). When patients in the low-risk group were compared with those in the high-risk group, 3-year PFS (p=0.003), LRFS (p=0.010), and DMFS (p=0.031) rates were statistically significant. Conclusion Pretreatment plasma EBV DNA and tumor volume were both closely correlated with prognosis of stage II NPC patients in the IMRT era. Combination of EBV DNA and tumor volume can refine prognosis and indicate for clinical therapy.

Acupuncture combined with speech rehabilitation training for post-stroke dysarthria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Qianwen Xie,Xueyin Chen,Jingmin Xiao,Shaonan Liu,Lihong Yang,Jing Chen,Jiaqi Lai,Rui Lan,Yi Chen,Haifang Yang,Xinfeng Guo 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.4

Background: The evidence of Acupuncture combined with speech rehabilitation training for post-stroke dysarthria is insufficient and there is no consensus on its efficacy. Methods: We searched seven Chinese and English medicine databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from their inception to November 2019. The primary outcome measure was the clinical response rate, assessed with the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment (FDA) tool. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence (CoE). Results: Thirty studies were included in this systematic review, 23 of which were pooled in meta-analysis. Acupuncture combined with speech rehabilitation training is likely beneficial for was response rate (n = 1685; RR = 1.37; 95% CI [1.29, 1.46], P < 0.01, I2 = 34%; 17 studies, low CoE) compared to speech rehabilitation treatment alone. Conclusion: The combination of acupuncture and speech rehabilitation training may improve total response rate of stroke patients with dysarthria. However, more RCTs with rigorous study design and validated outcome measures are needed to confirm the evidence.

The Diet Imbalance and Its Corrective Action in Chinese Athletes

Yang, ZeYi,Zhou, Lili,Yi, Muqing,Wang, Qirong,Gao, Hong,Xu, BaoHua,Qiao, Li,Chen, Jidi,Huang, Yuan,He, Cong,Wu, Wei,Sun, Nan,Chen, Rui 한국체육무용국제교류학회 2001 한국체육무용국제교류학회지 Vol.7 No.-

Diet is the most important substantial base to ensure athletes nutrients needs and maintain the performance. It is important for the Olympic Gold Medal Strategy. An athlete is like a racing car. Therere two key factors for the car to run faster: the engine and the gasoline. The physical components decide the engines highest power while the diet is like the gasoline the better quality of the gasoline is, the faster the urns. It is inconsistent between the importance of diet for competitive sports and the ubiquity of diet imbalance. It will influence the training efficiency and the recovery after training for a long time, and consequently hinder the improvement of the performance.

Diabetes Mellitus Increases the Risk of Bladder Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis

Yang, Xiao-Qing,Xu, Chen,Sun, Yan,Han, Rui-Fa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Purpose: Studies have indicated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for bladder cancer; however, not all evidence supports this conclusion. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate and evaluate all primary observational studies investigating the risk of bladder cancer associated with DM. Methods: The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify studies that estimated the association of DM and bladder cancer. Summary effect estimates were derived using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Results: A total of 23 studies (8 case-control studies, 15 cohort studies) including 643,683 DM and 4,819,656 non-DM cases were identified. Analysis of all studies showed that DM was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer compared with non-DM overall (OR=1.68, 95% CI 1.32-2.13). Analysis of subgroups demonstrated this to be the case in both case-control studies (OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.28-1.97, $I^2$=58%) and cohort studies (RR=1.70, 95% CI 1.23-2.33, $I^2$=96%). There was no gender difference in DM-associated bladder cancer risk. Bladder cancer risk was increased in Asia and the North America region, but not in Europe. Furthermore, DM-associated bladder cancer risk was obviously higher in Asia than North America and Europe or in those with Caucasian ethnicity. With extension of follow-up time, the bladder cancer risk was not increased for the patients with DM. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provided further evidence supporting theDM association with a significantly higher risk of bladder cancer obtained from observational studies.

Analysis of the performances of the CFD schemes used for coupling computation

Chen, Guangliang,Jiang, Hongwei,Kang, Huilun,Ma, Rui,Li, Lei,Yu, Yang,Li, Xiaochang Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.7

In this paper, the coupling of fine-mesh computational fluid dynamics (CFD) thermal-hydraulics (TH) code and neutronics code is achieved using the Ansys Fluent User Defined Function (UDF) for code development, including parallel meshing mapping, data computation, and data transfer. Also, some CFD schemes are designed for mesh mapping and data transfer to guarantee physical conservation in the coupling computation. Because there is no rigorous research that gives robust guidance on the various CFD schemes that must be obtained before the fine-mesh coupling computation, this work presents a quantitative analysis of the CFD meshing and mapping schemes to improve the accuracy of the value and location of key physical prediction. Furthermore, the effect of the sub-pin scale coupling computation is also studied. It is observed that even the pin-resolved coupling computation can also create a large deviation in the maximum value and spatial locations, which also proves the significance of the research on mesh mapping and data transfer for CFD code in a coupling computation.

Long-chain alcohols derived from the microalga Monoraphidium

Yang, Xuewei,Dai, Xin,Zhang, Rui,Shao, Cong,Geng, Shu,Chen, Guangyi,Liu, Xianhua,Wang, Guangyi Techno-Press 2013 Advances in energy research Vol.1 No.2

This study was to investigate the composition and characteristics of long-chained alcohols extracted from the algal strain Monoraphidium 3s35. The production of biomass was optimized using different cultivation methods. Under the aerated growth condition, this strain yielded up to 37.26% extracts of dry weight and $576mgL^{-1}$ biomass. The major compounds of the extracts are mainly long-chained alcohols (89.24%), with carbon chain length ranging from 12 to 20. Interestingly, or the long-chained alcohols, 3-(2-Methoxyethyl)-1-nonanol, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and oleyl alcohol accounted for 53.68%, 23.45%, and 12.11%, respectively. Because of their amphipathic nature, these long-chained alcohols have been widely used in bioenergy production and cosmetics industry. Furthermore, Monoraphidium 3s35 produced 9.73% of $C_{17}$ and $C_{20}$ alkanes, which can be used as an important supplement for the petrodiesel-like fuel.

The Characterization of Hemicellulose Extract from Corn Stalk with Stepwise Alkali Extraction

Rui Li,Guihua Yang,Jiachuan Chen,Ming He 한국펄프·종이공학회 2017 펄프.종이技術 Vol.49 No.4

In this paper, the stepwise alkaline extraction and structural characterization of hemicelluloses in corn stalk were conducted, and the theoretical support for the application of hemicelluloses was provided. Stepwise alkaline extraction of dewaxed corn stalk was performed with water, KOH aqueous solution (0.6%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) and a mixture of KOH solution and ethanol with a volume ratio of 2:3, and under these conditions, 2.6%, 10.2%, 16.5%, 24.8%, 11.2% and 8.7% of total hemicelluloses were extracted from corn stalk, respectively. The six types of hemicelluloses from different KOH concentration extraction process were characterized by high performance anion exchange chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR) and hydrogen-1magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Xylose was the predominant sugar constituent in the six types of hemicelluloses, and arabinose, glucose and galactose were present in small amounts. The straight chain and higher thermal stability hemicellulose can be obtained at optimal alkali concentration. An optimal alkali solution concentration was found to be at 1.5% KOH with the higher yield, xylose content and thermal stability of the hemicelluloses. NMR analysis showed that the alkaline extraction of the corn stalk with 1.5% KOH did not result in any obvious change in the macromolecular structure of hemicelluloses.

Adaptive Subpixel Edge Detection for Locating the Center of Nut Screw Hole

Rui Yang,Hanming Guo,Zhentao Chen,Jiuai Sun 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.8

An accurate and fast machine vision-based method for locating the center of disk nuts is of tremendous significant for safe installation and maintaining service life of glass curtain wall. However, current manual or image processing approaches suffer from the problems of inaccurate or time consuming. Based on the intensity distribution model around the edge of screw holes within actual captured images, a Gaussian weighted adaptive threshold method is proposed to replace traditional Otsu threshold algorithm to identify the edge of screw holes in a level of subpixel. The identified edge points are used to fi t the center of hole via a least square estimation algorithm. Both simulation and real object evaluation have shown that the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy in locating the center of the screw holes and demonstrated with good tolerance to noise and faster processing speed comparing to that of the traditional algorithm.