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- 저자 : Robert North (검색결과 4 건)
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North, Colin M,Kim, Byung-Sam,Snyder, Neil,Crawford, Robert B,Holsapple, Michael P,Kaminski, Norbert E Academic Press 2009 TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.107 No.1
<P>Suppression of humoral immune responses by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been well established to require the aryl hydrocarbon receptor; however, the downstream mechanisms for this immunotoxic response remain poorly understood. Based on evidence demonstrating that primary hepatocytes pretreated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) exhibited decreased induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) by TCDD, and that serum factors alter the sensitivity of the in vitro T-cell-dependent IgM antibody forming cell (AFC) response, it was hypothesized that IFN-gamma attenuates suppression of humoral immune responses by TCDD. In fact, concomitant addition of IFN-gamma (100 U/ml) produced a concentration-related attenuation of TCDD-mediated suppression of the anti-sheep erythrocyte (anti-sRBC) IgM AFC response. Time-of-addition studies performed by adding 100 U/ml IFN-gamma at 0, 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-TCDD showed that suppression of the AFC response was prevented only when IFN-gamma was added within 2 h of TCDD treatment. mRNA levels of the IgM components, immunoglobulin kappa light chain, immunoglobulin mu heavy chain, and immunoglobulin J-chain were significantly decreased by TCDD treatment, an effect that was completely reversed by IFN-gamma (100 U/ml) cotreatment. Further studies showed that IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma significantly attenuate TCDD-induced increases in CYP1A1 mRNA levels to varying degrees, but concentrations as high as 1000 U/ml of type I IFNs did not reverse the effect of TCDD on the anti-sRBC IgM AFC response. In summary, IFN-gamma prevents TCDD-mediated suppression of the IgM AFC response in a concentration- and time-related manner by altering transcriptional effects associated with TCDD treatment.</P>
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Jung, Yu-Jin,Ryan, Lynn,LaCourse, Ronald,North, Robert J University of Chicago Press 2009 The Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol.199 No.12
<P>BACKGROUND: C57BL/6 (B6) and BALB/c mice are considerably more resistant to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis than DBA/2 mice. METHODS: To determine whether the difference in resistance is because DBA/2 mice generate a type 1 T helper (Th1) immune response of lower magnitude, the Th1 response to airborne infection of mice of all 3 strains was measured in terms of the number of interferon (IFN)-gamma-producing CD4 and CD8 T cells generated. RESULTS: Despite the superior resistance of BALB/c mice compared with DBA/2 mice, both strains generated a similarly low number of Th1 cells. On the other hand, B6 mice, despite being approximately equal in resistance compared with BALB/c mice, generated a much larger number of Th1 cells. In DBA/2 mice, a higher level of lung infection was associated with larger numbers of M. tuberculosis bacilli in individual macrophages at sites of infection, indicating lower levels of macrophage mycobacteriostatic function. Despite this, infected macrophages from DBA/2 mice stained positive for nitric oxide synthase type 2 (NOS2) by immunocytochemistry as intensely as did infected macrophages from B6 and BALB/c mice, indicating the acquisition of NOS2-dependent mycobacteriostatic function in all cases. CONCLUSION: The ability to generate a large number of Th1 cells need not determine the ability to resist M. tuberculosis infection.</P>
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Christopher Alvarez-Breckenridge,Romulo de Almeida,Ali Haider,Matthew Muir,Justin Bird,Robert North,Laurence Rhines,Claudio Tatsui 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.1
Purpose: Carbon-fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFRP)-based spinal implants are an alternative to titanium, offering less image artifact as their metallic counterparts while maintaining similar biomechanical and biocompatibility properties. Its use in the management of spinal tumors has been reported, however the perceived advantages related to improved imaging quality, radiation treatment planning, and detection of tumor recurrence have not been fully assessed. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of medical records amongst oncologic patients treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center with CFRP implants. Histology, tumor location, construct features, time of follow-up, adjuvant radiation, recurrences, overall survival, and hardware-related complications were recorded. Results: Sixty-nine consecutive patients were assessed (22 primary tumors, 47 metastases) and the median time for follow-up was 5.4 months. Amongst the cohort, a total of 491 CFRP pedicle screws were implanted. Hardware complications were observed in 5 cases (7.04%). Adjuvant radiation was completed in 8 patients with primary tumors and 29 patients with spinal metastases. A total of 28 patients (40.5%) from the combined primary and metastatic cohorts experienced systemic disease progression, with 12 patients (17.3%) demonstrating local recurrences. Amongst primary and metastatic tumors, overall survival (p = 0.363) and rate of local recurrence (p = 0.112) were similar. Conclusion: This largest series of CFRP implants demonstrates safe and effective spinal stabilization for patients with both primary and metastatic tumors. Enhanced postoperative imaging led to minimal imaging artifacts which facilitated postoperative radiation planning and the ability to detect local recurrence.
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