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Julien Renard,Marco Citeri,Lucia Zanollo,Chiara Guerrer,Luigi Rizzato,Luca Frediani,Christophe Iselin,Michele Spinelli 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2017 International Neurourology Journal Vol.21 No.1
Many treatment options for stress urinary incontinence are difficult to apply to neurological patients. Urolastic is a new agent that is primarily indicated for women with mild stress urinary incontinence or men after prostate surgery. In this report, we present a series of 5 cases describing the first use of Urolastic to treat neurological patients. All patients were evaluated with a voiding diary and the use of auxiliary devices as the main indicators of continence. The median operative time was 30.8 minutes, and no complications were observed. Of the 5 patients, 4 reported improved incontinence: 2 switched from diapers to small pads, while the other 2 patients were able to discontinue urinary condom use. The only instance of treatment failure occurred in a patient with a low-compliance bladder. The advantages of this procedure appear to include a soft-cuff effect, reversibility, and minimal invasiveness. However, a future randomized study would be necessary to validate this treatment option.
Funaioli, Tiziana,Leoni, Piero,Marchetti, Lorella,Albinati, Alberto,Rizzato, Silvia,Fabrizi de Biani, Fabrizia,Ienco, Andrea,Manca, Gabriele,Mealli, Carlo American Chemical Society 2013 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.52 No.8
<P>This paper presents the synthesis and structural characterization of the unprecedented tris-phosphido-bridged compounds Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>X<SUB>3</SUB> (X = Cl, Br, I), having only 42 valence electrons, while up to now analogous clusters typically have 44e<SUP>–</SUP>. The new species were obtained by an apparent bielectronic oxidation of the 44e<SUP>–</SUP> monohalides Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>2</SUB>X with the corresponding dihalogen X<SUB>2</SUB>. Their X-ray structures are close to the <I>D</I><SUB>3<I>h</I></SUB> symmetry, similarly to the 44e<SUP>–</SUP> analogues with three terminal carbonyl ligands. The products were also obtained by electrochemical oxidation of the same monohalides in the presence of the corresponding halide. In a detailed study on the formation of Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>I<SUB>3</SUB>, the redox potentials indicated that I<SUB>2</SUB> can only perform the first monoelectronic oxidation but is unsuited for the second one. Accordingly, the 43e<SUP>–</SUP> intermediate [Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>2</SUB>I]<SUP>+</SUP> was ascertained to play a key role. Another piece of information is that, together with the fully oxidized product Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>I<SUB>3</SUB>, the transient 44e<SUP>–</SUP> species [Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>3</SUB>]<SUP>+</SUP> is formed in the early steps of the reaction. In order to extract detailed information on the formation pathway, involving both terminal ligand substitutions and electron transfer processes, a DFT investigation has been performed and all the possible intermediates have been defined together with their associated energy costs. The profile highlights many important aspects, such as the formation of an appropriate couple of 43e<SUP>–</SUP> intermediates having different sets of terminal coligands, and suitable redox potentials for the transfer of one electron. Optimizations of 45e<SUP>–</SUP> associative intermediates in the ligand substitution reactions indicate their possible involvement in the redox process with reduction of the overall energy cost. Finally, according to MO arguments, the unique stability of the 42e<SUP>–</SUP> phosphido-bridged Pt<SUB>3</SUB> clusters can be attributed to the simultaneous presence of three terminal halides.</P><P>This paper presents the synthesis and structural characterization of the unprecedented tris-phosphido-bridged compounds Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>X<SUB>3</SUB> (X = Cl, Br, I), having only 42 valence electrons, while up to now analogous clusters typically have 44e<SUP>−</SUP>. The new species were obtained by an apparent bielectronic oxidation of the 44e<SUP>−</SUP> monohalides Pt<SUB>3</SUB>(μ-PBu<SUP><I>t</I></SUP><SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>2</SUB>X with the corresponding dihalogen X<SUB>2</SUB>. According to MO arguments, the unique stability of the 42e<SUP>−</SUP> phosphido-bridged Pt<SUB>3</SUB> clusters can be attributed to the simultaneous presence of three terminal halides.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2013/inocaj.2013.52.issue-8/ic400251y/production/images/medium/ic-2013-00251y_0014.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic400251y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>