(The) impact of information overload to citizen's preventive behaviour during the pandemic : Philippines as a sase study

Rendon, Leslie Tagguid Graduate School, Yonsei University 2022 국내석사

코로나 사태로 인해 동남아시아에서 감염률이 최고로 많이 나타난 국가 중 하나로 필리핀이 꼽혔다. 그리하여 필리핀 정부는 국민들이 ‘격리’나 ‘백신접종’과 같은 방역방침을 충실히 이행하여 바이러스가 퍼지지 않도록 조치를 취했다. 그러나 팬데믹 수준까지 이른 코로나사태로 인해 환경이 급속도로 변화되자 국민들은 이와 같은 보건규정에 대응하는 방식에 도전을 했다. 필요하든, 그렇지 않든지 간에 코로나와 관련된 많은 정보가 다른 원천경로를 거쳐 다양한 통신플랫폼을 통해 유포되고 있다. 정보가 지나치게 많으면 혼란과 오해가 생겨 정보를 받아들여야 할지 말지 망설이고 불안해하고 결정을 잘 내리지 못하게 된다. 이러한 현상은 소위 ‘정보과부하’로 불린다. 본 논문은 ‘정보과부하’ 현상이 자발적 자가격리 행위와 백신접종 행위에 미치는 영향에 대해서 탐구해보았다. 본 연구는 이른바 ‘보호동기이론 (PMT)’을 통해 ‘정보과부하’ 현상이 자발적 자가격리 행위와 백신접종 행위에 미치는 영향에 대해서 탐구해보고 코로나 팬데믹 사태를 맞아 어떠한 방역대책이 이루어졌는지 예측해 보았다. 이를 위해, ‘보호동기이론 (PMT)’에서 제시된 네 가지 선별 구성요소인 ‘자기 효능 감’, ‘반응 효능 감’, ‘심각성 인지’, ‘취약성 인지’가 매개변수로 사용되었다. 연구결과, 정보과부하 현상은 방역행위 지침 준수에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 것이 나타났다. 연구자는 정보과부하가 ‘격리’, 백신접종의향’, 매개효과인 ‘보호동기이론(PMT)’에 직접 내지 간접적으로 미치는 영향을 3가지 모델을 토대로 요약하고 제안하고자 한다. 이 모델을 검증하기 위해, 연구자는 온라인 구글을 통해 18-30세 연령층에 해당하는 필리핀 사람들 중에서 602명을 대상으로 자료를 수집했다. 이 연령층은 필리핀에서 젊은 층으로 법적으로 규정되고 있다. 이원변량과 다중회귀 분석법을 활용한 통계분석이 실시되었으며, 정보과부화 형상을 일으킬 수 있는 정보원천과 플랫폼이 더욱더 상세히 고찰되었다. 교육달성과 통신 플랫폼 사용 빈도를 통제변수로 조절하면서 살펴본 연구 결과, 정보과부하는 방역조치 (모델 3), 격리 (P < 0.01), 백신접종 의향 (P < 0.01) (직접적 영향)과 네 가지 구성요소 (모델 1)에 직접적으로 유의미한 부정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 더 나아가, 정보과부하 (모델 2)와 방역조치와 관련된 보호동기이론 구성요소 (PMT)는 부정적인 관계를 지닌 것으로 밝혀졌다. Baron와 Kenny (1986)가 매개효과로써 공동으로 활용한 ‘유의미한 접근’에는 정보과부하가 방역조치에 간접적으로 유의미한 부정적인 영향 (P < 0.01)을 미치는 것으로 제시 되어있다. 정보과부하는 코로나 팬데믹 사태에 대해 젊은 사람들 개개인이 받아들이는 신념과 인식을 토대로 스스로 자가격리하고 예방접종을 하겠다는 의향을 감소시킨다는 말뜻이 여기에 함축 된 것이다. 게다가 저널리스트 및 매체 업체가 주로 사회네트워크 사이트를 통해 정보과부하를 상당히 많이 일으키는 것으로 확인되었다. 정보과부하가 코로나 방역조처에 국민들이 준수하는 행위에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 입증된 만큼, 정부는 정보과부하 문제를 더욱더 진지하게 해결해 나아가야 한다. During the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), the Philippine is one of the highly infected countries in Southeast Asia. Thus, the government highly relies on the adherence of people to preventive measures; such as isolation and vaccination, to prevent the spread of the virus. Yet the fast changing- environment due to the impact of the pandemic challenges the way people respond to these health protocols. Vast amount of related information, necessary or otherwise, are being disseminated through multiple of communication platforms from different sources. Previous researches suggests that too much information can be confusing and misleading which results to hesitancy, anxiety and poor decision making. This phenomenon is so called information overload (IO). This study explores the impact of IO to one’s behaviour towards voluntary self-quarantine isolation and securing vaccination. To measure one’s behaviour, Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) is use, as it is widely studied to predict one’s preventive behavior during a pandemic, thus four chosen constructs from this theory were used as mediating variables; Self-efficacy and Response Efficacy, Perceived Severity and Perceived Vulnerability. Therefore, we argue that overloading information negatively affects one’s adherence to preventive measures through their behaviour. The researcher proposes 3 models outlining the direct and indirect effect of IO to isolation and vaccination intention, and the mediated effect of PMT appraisals. To test the model, the researcher collected data of 602 respondents from the Philippines aged 18-30 through online google forms. This age group is legally defined as youth in the country. Statistical tests were conducted using Bivariate and Multiple Regression. The possible information sources and platforms that generates IO are further identified. Adjusting for the educational attainment and the frequency of use of communication platforms as control variables, it was found out that IO have direct significant negative effect to the preventive measures (Model 3); isolation (P < 0.01) and vaccination intention (P < 0.01) (direct effect) and to the four constructs (Model 1) (P < 0.01). Further, there is also a negative relationship between PMT constructs towards preventive measures adjusting for IO (Model 2). The mediated effect using Baron and Kenny, (1986) Joint Significance Approach, provides the indirect effect of IO to preventive measures which were found to be significantly negative (P < 0.01). It therefore implies that IO is decreasing the youth’s intention to isolate and inoculate through their beliefs and perceptions towards COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, Journalist and Media companies are found to significantly generate IO mainly through Social Networking Sites. Overall, IO is a real phenomenon that has to be addressed more seriously by the government as it was proven to create negative impact to people’s behaviour towards adhering COVID-19 preventive measures.

The politics of play, the playful, and postmodern architecture (Robert Venturi)

Rendon, Anthony University of California, Riverside 2000 해외박사

Leader Power and LMX: An Exploration of the Relationships Between Community College Trustees’ Bases of Power and the Perceived Quality of the Relationship, and Satisfaction with Their President and Perceived Presidents’ Leader Effectiveness

Rendon, Francisco G ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Our Lady of the La 2020 해외박사(DDOD)

This study examined the relationship between community college trustees and community college presidents. Community college trustees (N = 228) from across the United States were sampled. The trustees’ age (M = 64.55, SD = 12.17); gender (Males = 128; Females = 100); tenure (M = 9.04, SD 8.68) were surveyed along with the presidents’ gender (Males = 156; Females = 72) and tenure (M = 5.77, SD 4.67). The participants completed a questionnaire packet consisting of the Rahim Leader Power Inventory (RPLI), Leader Member Exchange (LMX 7), and a demographic questionnaire. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS® Statistics software. Weak, moderate, and strong significant associations between numerous independent and dependent variables were revealed through Pearson correlation analysis. Results of multiple regression analyses revealed that dyad tenure, trustee gender, president’s tenure, and referent power were significant predictors of relationship quality; dyad tenure, trustee gender, referent power, and legitimate power were significant predictors of both presidents’ effectiveness and satisfaction with the president. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.

Flavor Physics with Heavy Baryons and Resonances Using Lattice QCD

Rendon Suzuki, Jesus Gumaro ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

Processing, structure and property relationships in commercial thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers

Rendon, Stanley Northwestern University 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

Thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCPs) offer considerable promise as high strength/lightweight engineering materials. Their excellent mechanical properties are derived from the spontaneous ordering of stiff polymer molecules in the melt state, which is ultimately translated into high molecular orientation in finished products. Understanding the effect of processing on molecular orientation, and specifically the role and mechanisms by which flow fields impact molecular orientation, is thus a prerequisite to rational design of processes that exploit and enhance the characteristics of TLCPs. The lack of fundamental knowledge to rationally anticipate structure development during processing of commercial main-chain TLCPs however, has significantly hindered the wide spread applicability of these materials. In light of the need for improved understanding of flow-orientation relationships in TLCPs, this thesis presents the first coordinated attempt to combine fundamental studies of orientation development in well-defined simple flows (simple shear) and complex processing flows (extrusion and injection molding) using in situ x-ray scattering methods, with structure and property investigations of injection molded plaques made from commercial TLCPs. The work described here addresses fundamental questions related to the shear-alignment behavior of several commercial (Vectra A950RTM, Vectra B950RTM) and pre-commercial (DHalphaMS) thermotropes. The use of well-established in situ x-ray scattering methods previously developed in the Burghardt group, has enabled us to probe the evolution of molecular orientation under the influence of various transient shear flow protocols some of which provide strong, indirect evidence of flow-tumbling behavior in Vectra copolyesters. In situ orientation studies in steady isothermal complex channel flows reveal that superposition of extensional gradients on the inhomogeneous shear of pressure-driven slit flows dramatically influences the degree, quality and character of the LCP molecular alignment. Coordinated efforts to study LCP orientation in injection molded plaques confirm that the types of orientation states that emerge in steady channel flows are also found in moldings, and that trends in orientation state with changes in mold geometry may be readily rationalized using the kinematic concepts developed through channel flow studies. Mechanical property characterization on tensile specimens cut from injection molded plaques reveal that properties such as strength and stiffness obey a universal correlation with ex situ x-ray measurements of molecular orientation. In situ, real-time studies of structure development during injection molding reveal that the complex kinematics in these flows yield similar types of orientation states to those observed in molded plaques and help better understand the evolution of time-dependent molecular orientation and crystallinity during mold filling and solidification.

Second generation optimism and the reproduction of a working class: The relevance of the urban context in the school and work trajectories of Mexican-origin young adult males

Rendon, Maria Guadalupe Harvard University 2009 해외박사(DDOD)

This study examines the school and work outlooks and decisions of young adult children of Mexican immigrants. It is motivated by the segmented assimilation theoretical argument that this group is destined to experience downward assimilation in the inner city because it is acculturating to the "adversarial outlooks" of native U.S.-born minorities. To test this argument, I repeatedly interviewed forty-two children of Mexican immigrants, ages 17-23, from two high poverty neighborhoods in Los Angeles, one predominantly Mexican immigrant and the other mixed, Latino and Black. I find that segmented assimilation ignores important dynamics of the urban context, including how violence structures peer and race relations in ways that make it difficult to form connections with Black Americans, much less acculturate to their beliefs and behaviors. Instead, adversarial behavior is often in response to neighborhood violence and not due to an "oppositional" outlook. I find no evidence that the second-generation embraces a "reactive identity", an oppositional outlook towards school or work, or is at risk of downward assimilation in either context. Instead, I find this group is heavily influenced by their immigrant parents' social mobility and drive. These young men believe in the American Dream and are highly optimistic about their social mobility prospects. Despite this optimism and even though they pursue divergent school and work paths---some dropping out and others attending college---various factors position most to reproduce their working class status. I conclude that for socioeconomic assimilation to occur for the Mexican-origin group, social capital is needed to provide leverage into the middle class.

Neuroendocrine mechanisms of seasonal aggression in females

Rendon, Nikki M Indiana University 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

Gonadal hormones are key regulators of behavior through their actions on the central nervous system (CNS). To date, studies of aggression have overwhelmingly focused on actions of the gonadal hormone testosterone in the CNS. This 'central' dogma has resulted in an oversimplified framework of the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying aggression. Evidence across taxa and sexes, however, demonstrates the lack of a consistent relationship between gonadal steroids and aggression, suggesting alternative, non-gonadal mechanisms that regulate this behavior. In order to fill this knowledge gap, I examined extra-gonadal neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating aggression in a year-round highly territorial mammal, Siberian hamsters. Within this seasonal context, I manipulated ambient day length (photoperiod) and melatonin, the biochemical signal of day length, to induce variation in reproductive phenotype and behavior. Hamsters responded to both photoperiod and melatonin by altering reproductive competence and displaying concomitant changes in behavior. Specifically, short-day females displayed increased aggression despite non-functional gonads and relatively low levels of the gonadal estrogen, estradiol, compared with long-day animals that displayed low aggression despite functional gonads. In this dissertation, I first examined how reproductive phenotype influences underlying variation in behavior across seasonal transitions and provide evidence for changes in estrogen-mediated mechanisms. Next, I manipulated temporal patterns of melatonin to show that females differentially alter aggression and modes of steroid metabolic conversion. Further, I illustrate bi-directional actions of adrenal steroids and behavior in a season-dependent manner. Finally, I propose an alternative mechanism in which the adrenal androgen, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), serves as a key peripheral regulator of aggression and that melatonin coordinates a 'seasonal switch' from gonadal to adrenal regulation of aggression by direct action on adrenal glands. Using a whole-organism approach to probe the interconnectivity of target tissues, I show that aggression is differentially regulated across seasons, and highlight that DHEA serves a critical, but underappreciated role in the regulation of behavior. By examining the interactions of physiology and behavior across ecological contexts and time, these data expand the existing framework of the neuroendocrine regulation of social behavior and have broad applications to the evolution of behavior by highlighting key endocrine players natural selection could act upon.

Navigating Immigration Status en Familia: An Exploration of Caregiver Understanding, Caregiver-Child Attachment Quality, and Child Knowledge in Latine Mixed-Status Families

Rendon Garcia, Sarah A Harvard University ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation explores the role of familial strategies for developing shared understandings of being undocumented in the United States. I seek to better understand how undocumented immigration status shapes the developmental trajectory of Latine children in middle childhood and early adolescence (6-15 years old), two life stages during which children typically become more socially aware and have more-developed perspective-taking capacities (Suarez-Orozco et al., 2011). To explore this, I conducted an in-depth mixed-methods study in which I interviewed 19 Latine mixed-status family units with at least one child between the ages of 6-15 years old, in three small cities in the northeastern United States. Paper 1 presents the findings based on a series of three semi-structured phenomenological interviews I conducted with an undocumented caregiver. Paper 2 presents findings based on one subset of this caregiver interview data where I examine, for the first time, attachment profiles across a sample of Latine mixed-status caregiver-child dyads using the Parent Development Interview-R (Slade et al., 2004), an attachment-based assessment measuring parental reflective functioning. I draw on one semi-structured interview with children within these family units between 6 and 15 years old for Paper 3. During the child interview, I asked about each child’s experienced being a part of their family through a book reading, a video clip viewing, and a series of questions following the reading of narratives. The caregiver and caregiver-child studies of my dissertation suggest caregivers use their expertise in their child’s development to tailor their communications about immigration with each child. Their children, on the other hand, show evidence of a progression in knowledge states related to the topic of immigration status in the years before adolescence. The findings from these studies will provide knowledge about the education that occurs within families around the topic of immigration, which will help support schools' efforts to work with this community and inform policy design at the local and state level.

Essays in international finance

Rendon, Jairo Andres University of California, Los Angeles 2009 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation studies the impact of exchange rate risk in stock returns. Chapter I develops a continuous-time model of asset pricing for a global economy with two countries and complete asset markets. In this framework, the stochastic discount factor used to price assets will depend on the currency in which assets' returns are denominated. Using standard continuous-time asset pricing theory, the chapter develops the market price of risk equations for domestic and foreign assets denominated in the domestic currency, with currency risk as one of the risk factors driving asset returns, and demonstrates that this risk factor can be represented by the return on the carry trade. Chapter II examines the impact of exchange rate risk on U.S. stock returns with a multi-factor asset pricing model. In the model the exchange rate risk factor is the return on a portfolio of carry trades. I estimate the model by adding the return on the carry trade to the standard three Fama and French factors (market excess return, SMB and HML). I test the model with monthly and daily returns, and I present empirical evidence in favor of the carry trade as an additional factor for U.S. stock returns. The results indicate that the carry trade risk factor captures a dimension of risks not captured by the three Fama and French factors. Chapter III links the continuous-time model and the empirical results from the previous two chapters by describing a technique to estimate the parameters of the stochastic discount factor of a continuous-time model, from discrete observations of stock returns. I use Hansen's Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with bootstrap inference to estimate the parameters of the model from a simulated financial market. I show that the estimated coefficients obtain from the technique proposed in this chapter, perform better than the estimated coefficients from a standard linear factor model.