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Investigation of fatigue properties of shot peened and plasma nitrocarburized P/M FC0205 steel
Ali Basaran,Naci Kurgan,Remzi Varol 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.8
One of the widely used powder metal materials in automotive industry, which is copper steel FC 0205 (Fe + 2% Cu + 0.5% C), was used in this study. The pressed samples has been prepared at the compression pressure of 680 MPa and sintered in conventional furnace at 1120°C for 30 minutes. The samples with 7 Mg/m3 densities were used as fatigue and shot peening processes. Shot peening were applied with 20A and 32A and the others were not peened. Plasma nitrocarburizing process was performed at 555°C for 2 hours under 600-900 Pa pressure. Fatigue tests were conducted at room temperature on a rotating bending type fatigue test device. It was determined that shot peening should be used where increased fatigue strength is needed, and plasma nitrocarburizing should be preferred where surface hardness is required, and plasma nitrocarburizing after shot peening process is much more useful.
The Effects of Educational Level on Breast Cancer Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey
Gurdal, Sibel Ozkan,Saracoglu, Gamze Varol,Oran, Ebru Sen,Yankol, Yucel,Soybir, Gursel Remzi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1
Breast self-examination (BSE) is important for early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). However, the majority of Turkish women do not perform regular BSE. We aimed to evaluate the effects of education level on the attitudes and behaviors of women towards BSE. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 women (20-59 years), divided into university graduates (Group I, n = 224) and high school or lower graduates (Group II, n = 189). They completed a 22-item scale assessing the knowledge level, attitudes and behaviors regarding BSE, and the Turkish version of the Champion's Revised Health Belief Model. A significantly higher number of women in Group II did not believe in early diagnosis of BC. A significantly higher number of Group I had conducted BSE at least once, and their BSE frequency was also significantly high. Moreover, a significantly lower number of Group I women considered themselves to not be at risk for BC and the scores for "perceived susceptibility" and "perceived barriers" were significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis identified the university graduate group to have a higher likelihood of performing BSE, by 1.8 times. Higher educational levels were positively associated with BSE performance. Overall, the results suggest that Turkish women, regardless of their education level, need better education on BSE. Consideration of the education level in women will help clinicians develop more effective educational programs, resulting in more regular practice and better use of BSE.