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Akhmad Rizali,Sri Karindah,Toto Himawan,Muhamad Luthfie Tri Meiadi,Bambang Tri Rahardjo,Nurindah,Bandung Sahari 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.3
The existence of natural habitat around agroecosystem plays a pivotal role in maintaining the presence of natural enemies especially parasitoids. Natural habitat can fail to support biological pest control in agroecosystem due to a particular condition. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of natural habitat existence on parasitoid wasp communities in oil palm plantation. The ecological research was conducted in the oil palm plantation located in Central Borneo, Indonesia. Twelve plots of oil palm plantations with different habitat characteristics were selected. Insects were sampled using canopy knockdown fogging with a pyrethroid insecticide. In total, 237 species and 2669 individuals of parasitoid wasps belong to 15 families were collected from all research areas. The results showed that species richness and abundance of parasitoid wasps in oil palm plantation was affected by lepidopteran abundance and not by the existence of natural habitat. However, the distance and area of natural habitat influenced the species composition of parasitoid wasps. We concluded that the existence of natural habitat still can maintain the parasitoid wasps in oil palm plantation. Thus, efforts on maintaining parasitoid wasp diversity for management of biological control in oil palm plantation need to pay attention by conserving the natural habitats.
Wati Linda Ratna,Sargowo Djanggan,Nurseta Tatit,Zuhriyah Lilik,Rahardjo Bambang 대한예방의학회 2023 예방의학회지 Vol.56 No.5
Objectives: Prolactin is vital for breastfeeding and milk production, and its secretion is influenced by factors related to the mother, infant, and environment. To date, no study has concurrently investigated the correlation of these factors with serum prolactin levels during lactation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the correlations among maternal and infant factors, lead exposure, and serum prolactin levels during lactation.Methods: A cross-sectional approach was employed in Surabaya, Indonesia, among 110 exclusively lactating mothers. The mothers’ daily diets were determined using multiple 24-hour recalls, while blood lead levels were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Serum prolactin levels were assessed using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. For bivariate analysis, we employed the Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, while for multivariate analysis, we utilized multiple linear regression.Results: The average serum prolactin level of the lactating mothers was 129.19±88.96 ng/mL. Positive correlations were found between serum prolactin levels and breastfeeding frequency (<i>p</i> < 0.001), protein intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and calcium intake (<i>p</i> = 0.011) but had negative correlation with blood lead levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and vitamin B6 intake (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Additionally, prolactin levels were not significantly associated with maternal age; parity; intake of calories, vitamin D, vitamin E, zinc, folic acid, magnesium, or iron; infant age; or infant sex.Conclusions: Breastfeeding frequency had a stronger positive relationship with serum prolactin levels than protein and calcium intake. However, lead exposure was associated with reduced serum prolactin levels during lactation. Consequently, specific interventions from policymakers are necessary to manage breastfeeding in mothers exposed to lead.