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Upregulation of duck interleukin-17A during Riemerella anatipestifer infection
Fernandez, C.P.,Kim, W.H.,Diaz, J.A.R.,Jeong, J.,Afrin, F.,Kim, S.,Jang, H.K.,Lee, B.H.,Yim, D.,Lillehoj, H.S.,Min, W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science 2016 DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.63 No.-
<P>Although IL-17 cytokines play critical roles in host defense immunity, dysregulated expression of these cytokines is associated with inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Riemerella anatipestifer is the most important infectious bacterium in the duck industry. Interestingly, not all avian species are equally susceptible to R. anatipestifer infection. This paper reports the first description of mortality rate, bacterial burden, and expression profiles of immune-related genes between ducks and chickens infected with R. anatipestifer. Ducks exhibited increased susceptibility to R. anatipestifer infection compared to chickens, as determined by mortality rate and bacterial burden. Comparative expression analyses of immune-related genes in R. anatipestifer-infected tissues obtained from both species revealed that TLR3, TLR7, IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-gamma transcript levels were higher in chickens, whereas TLR4 and IL-17A transcript levels were higher in ducks. Marked increases in expression of IL-17A and IL-6, but not TGF-beta, were associated with Th17 cell differentiation in duck splenic lymphocytes, but not in chicken splenic lymphocytes, stimulated with R. anatipestifer. Moreover, upregulation of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-17A mRNA expressions, but not TGF-beta, was confirmed in the liver and spleen of ducks infected with R. anatipestifer, indicating that IL-17A is strongly associated with Riemerella infection in ducks. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Identification and expression analysis of duck interleukin-17D in Riemerella anatipestifer infection
Diaz, J.A.R.,Kim, W.H.,Fernandez, C.P.,Jeong, J.,Afrin, F.,Lillehoj, H.S.,Kim, S.,Kim, S.,Dalloul, R.A.,Min, W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science 2016 DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.61 No.-
<P>Interleukin (IL)-17D is a proinfiammatory cytokine with currently largely unknown biological functions. Here we provide the description of the sequence, bioactivity, and mRNA expression profile of duck IL-17D homologue. A full-length duck IL-17D (duIL-17D) cDNA with a 624-bp coding region was identified from the large intestine. dull-17D shares approximately 94.7% identity with its chicken counterpart, which is also identified in this work. duIL-17D exhibits 62.6-68.4% and 52.1-53.1% identity with mammalian and piscine homologues. Recombinant duIL-17D promoted the expression of proinfiammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1 beta in duck embryo fibroblast cells. Very low levels of dull-17D transcript were observed in healthy lymphoid tissues, including bursa, thymus, and spleen, while duIL-17D expression was relatively high in the heart. The dull-17D expression profiles were examined in mitogen-stimulated splenic lymphocytes, as well as tissues affected by Riemerella anatipestifer infection. The levels of duIL-17D were mostly upregulated in mitogen-activated splenic lymphocytes but downregulated in the liver and spleen of R. anatipestifer-infected ducks. These results provide new insights into the roles of IL-17D in host protective immune responses to Riemerella infection, which can therefore lead to further studies of its biological functions in different disease models of ducks and other avian species. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Felix Diaz González,Rodrigo Muiño,Víctor Pereira,Rómulo Campos,José Luis Benedito 대한수의학회 2011 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.12 No.3
Blood indicators are used as a tool to diagnose metabolic disorders. The present work was conducted to study the relationships among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function in high-yielding dairy cows. Two groups of Holstein cows were studied: 27 early lactation cows and 14 mid lactation cows from four different herds with similar husbandry characteristics in Galicia, Spain. Blood samples were obtained to measure beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TG), and the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Cows in early lactation had higher levels of BHB and NEFA than mid lactation cows. High lipomobilization (NEFA > 400 μmol/L) was detected in 67% and 7% of early lactation and mid lactation cows, respectively, while subclinical ketosis (BHB > 1.2 mmol/L) was detected in 41% and 28% of the early lactation and lactation cows, respectively. TG concentrations were low in all cows suffering subclinical ketosis and in 61% of the cows with high lipomobilization. During early lactation, 30% of cows suffered hepatic lipidosis as detected by levels of AST. Compromised hepatic function was observed in early lactation cows as shown by lower concentrations of glucose, total protein, and urea.
Morphology control and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures grown by ultrasonic synthesis
Morales-Flores, N.,Galeazzi, R.,Rosendo, E.,Diaz1d, T.,Velumani, S.,Pal, U. Techno-Press 2013 Advances in nano research Vol.1 No.1
ZnO nanostructures of rod-like, faceted bar, cup-end bars, and spindle shaped morphologies could be grown by a low power ultrasonic synthesis process. pH of the reaction mixture seems to plays an important role for defining the final morphology of ZnO nanostructures. While the solution pH as low as 7 produces long, uniform rod-like nanostructures of mixed phase (ZnO and $Zn(OH)_2$), higher pH of the reaction mixture produces ZnO nanostructures of different morphologies in pure hexagonal wurtzite phase. pH of the reaction as high as 10 produces bar shaped uniform nanostructures with lower specific surface area and lower surface and lattice defects, reducing the defect emissions of ZnO in the visible region of their photoluminescence spectra.
Song, R.,Grabowska, W.,Park, M.,Osypiuk, K.,Vergara-Diaz, G.P.,Bonato, P.,Hausdorff, J.M.,Fox, M.,Sudarsky, L.R.,Macklin, E.,Wayne, P.M. Elsevier 2017 Parkinsonism & related disorders Vol.41 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>To systematically evaluate and quantify the effects of Tai Chi/Qigong (TCQ) on motor (UPDRS III, balance, falls, Timed-Up-and-Go, and 6-Minute Walk) and non-motor (depression and cognition) function, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A systematic search in 7 electronic databases targeted clinical studies evaluating TCQ for individuals with PD published through August 2016. Meta-analysis was used to estimate effect sizes (Hedges's g) and publication bias for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methodological bias in RCTs was assessed by two raters.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Our search identified 21 studies, 15 of which were RCTs with a total of 735 subjects. For RCTs, comparison groups included no treatment (n = 7, 47%) and active interventions (n = 8, 53%). Duration of TCQ ranged from 2 to 6 months. Methodological bias was low in 6 studies, moderate in 7, and high in 2. Fixed-effect models showed that TCQ was associated with significant improvement on most motor outcomes (UPDRS III [ES = −0.444, p < 0.001], balance [ES = 0.544, p < 0.001], Timed-Up-and-Go [ES = −0.341, p = 0.005], 6 MW [ES = −0.293, p = 0.06], falls [ES = −0.403, p = 0.004], as well as depression [ES = −0.457, p = 0.008] and QOL [ES = −0.393, p < 0.001], but not cognition [ES = −0.225, p = 0.477]). I<SUP>2</SUP> indicated limited heterogeneity. Funnel plots suggested some degree of publication bias.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Evidence to date supports a potential benefit of TCQ for improving motor function, depression and QOL for individuals with PD, and validates the need for additional large-scale trials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Mind-body exercises like Tai Chi and Qigong (TCQ) show promise for addressing motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. </LI> <LI> Meta-analyses support that TCQ training leads to clinically meaningful improvements in multiple domains of motor function and fall risk. </LI> <LI> Our findings also suggest that TCQ training leads to improvements in mood and quality of life. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lombardi, Valter R.M.,Etcheverria, I.,Fernandez-Novoa, L.,Blanco, A.,Diaz, J.,Cacabelos, R. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2003 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.3 No.2
There are several data in the literature indicating a great variety of pharmacological activities of Polypodium genus, which exhibit antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Since one of our main interests is to obtain natural immunoregulatory agents devoid of pharmacological adverse effects, we used flow cytometry analysis to highlight relative contributions of a water-soluble fraction of different concentrations of Polypodium rhizome extracts on lymphocyte subpopulations, NK and LAK activity. To measure their potential immunoregulatory activity a T cell proliferation assay in response to phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and mixed lymphocyte reactions were chosen. As a confirmatory bioassay we studied the effect of our extracts on CD45RO and CD95 antigen expressions. The results indicate that CD95 expression dramatically increases after peripheral blood lymphocyte activation and treatment with Polypodium leucotomus, cambricum and vulgare extracts, suggesting a powerful intrinsic pro-apoptotic effect.
On the combinatorics of hypergeometric functions
H. Blandin,R. Diaz 장전수학회 2007 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.14 No.1
We give combinatorial interpretation for hypergeometric functions associated with tuples of rational numbers.