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        Archaeofaunal Remains and Stone Implements Found in Myin Ma Hti Cave no.2 (MMH2) Located in Aung Pan Township, Shan State of Myanmar

        Pyiet Phyo Kyaw,Hein Htet Lwin,Soe Win Naing,Kyaw Swar Oo,Thu Ya Aung,Aung Nanda,Lin Aung 대한체질인류학회 2020 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.33 No.2

        Myin Ma Hti is the local name meant that the mountain horse never touches. In Myanmer, this name is very popular as the Buddhist religious place. Most pilgrims usually visit to the area of Myin Ma Hti. In 1997, a new limestone cave was discovered during the field trip of local geological team and the first explorer gave the name for the cave as Myin Ma Hti Cave No. 2. In their 1997 report, the archaeo-faunal remains and stone implements were recorded as teeth and vertebrate bones of bull, ox, deer and polished stone rings and implements that could be estimated as the Neolithic context dated as 6,000-4,000 BP. In 2019, the environmental assessment team accidentally arrived into the cave and they found some significant remains of stone tools mingled with a pile of bone fragments after the local people dug the floor of cave to build the religious stupa. Then, rescue archaeological works had been initiated to take recording and making catalogue of bone fragments and stone pieces. Most of the findings are the bone fragments and wasters of stone rings. The special findings are potential bone tools with the cut and scrape marks of edging and sharpening. The anthropogenic feature could be examined with the ash layer 3-meter depth approximately. In this report, the significance of archaeofaunal evidences and stone implements accidentally found in MMH2 will be described as the preliminary survey of prehistoric cave in Aung Pan Township, Shan State, Myanmar.

      • Water Management in the Urban Cultural Heritage of Myanmar

        Elizabeth Moore,U San Win,Pyiet Phyo Kyaw 서강대학교 동아연구소 2016 TRaNS(Trans –Regional and –National Studies of Sou Vol.4 No.2

        This article assesses indigenous perceptions ofwater through a comparison ofthe water management strategies at three ancient sites located in different ecological zones ofMyanmar. Two ofour examples are in the high-rainfall regions ofLower Myanmar: Thagara in the Dawei River valley flanked by mountains on the east and west, and Kyaikkatha on delta lands at the egress ofthe Sittaung River. We contrast these adaptations with the micro-exploitation of the scarce water resources at Bagan (also spelled Pagan) in the arid zone of Upper Myanmar. In the southern wet regions, despite the different geographical setting of Thagara and Kyaikkatha, the focus was on drainage and control. Multiple ramparts and moats were used to conserve the scarce water in the dry months between December and April and control the heavy floods of the rainy months between May to November. At Bagan, sited directly on the broad Ayeyarwady River, water management of inland streams and seasonal lakes maximised the gentle slope of the plain while also coping with intermittent flash floods in the rainy months. The sites of Thagara, Kyaikkatha, and Bagan demanded specific adaptations but are alike in the absence ofextensive transformation ofthe landscape. This balance ofmanmade and natural elements provides common ground despite their variable size and urbanised extent, ecological setting, and occupational sequence to highlight the shared significance of water management in their longterm urban success.

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