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Regional Integration Clusters and Optimum Customs Unions: A Machine-Learning Approach
Philippe De Lombaerde,Dominik Naeher,Takfarinas Saber 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2021 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.36 No.2
This study proposes a new method to evaluate the composition of regional arrangements focused on increasing intraregional trade and economic integration. In contrast to previous studies that take the country composition of these arrangements as given, our method uses a network clustering algorithm adapted from the machine-learning literature to identify, in a data-driven way, those groups of neighboring countries that are most integrated with each other. Using the obtained landscape of regional integration clusters (RICs) as a benchmark, we then apply our method to critically assess the composition of real-world customs unions (CUs). Our results indicate a considerable variation across CUs in terms of their distance to the RICs emerging from the clustering algorithm. This suggests that some CUs are relatively more driven by “natural” economic forces, as opposed to political considerations. Our results also point to several testable hypotheses related to the geopolitical configuration of CUs.
Optimal Currency Area Theory and Monetary Integration in the Andean and Caribbean Regions
Philippe De Lombaerde 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2004 Global economic review Vol.33 No.2
In this article, the author analyses the prospects for monetary integration in the Andean and Caribbean regions and stresses the regional specificities that should be taken into account. He points to the necessity to combine economic, political economy and institutional approaches to assess scenarios for monetary integration. The author also argues that the application of optimum currency area theory to regions with specific characteristics (in many respects different from the EU) might produce positive feed-back effects for the development of OCA theory itself, highlighting specific aspects and implications of the same theory and stimulating theoretical research.
OPTIMAL CURRENCY AREA THEORY AND MONETARY INTEGATION IN THE ANDEAN AND CARIBBEAN REGIONS
Philippe De Lombaerde 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2004 Global economic review Vol.33 No.2
In this article, the author analyses the prospects for monetary integration in the Andean and Caribbean regions and stresses the regional specificities that should be taken into account. He points to the necessity to combine economic, political economy and institutional approaches to assess scenarios for monetary integration. The author also argues that the application of optimum currency area theory to regions with specific characteristics (in many respects different from the EU) might produce positive feed-back effects for the development of OCA theory itself, highlighting specific aspects and implications of the same theory and stimulating theoretical research.
LATIN AMERICAN MULTINATIONALS: A HISTORICAL AND THEORETICAL APPROACH
Andres Franco,Philippe De Lombaerde 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2003 Global economic review Vol.32 No.1
Among the so-called multinationals from the South, Latin American multinationals are outstanding for being pioneers. Their history goes even back to the end of the 19th century. In this article, we sketch a brief history of Latin American multinationals, but we concentrate on their development and growing importance since the 1980s within the context of economic reforms and globalization. We then apply a theoretical and typological perspective in order to characterize these multinational companies and to identify the elements that will condition their future behavior and development.
China moving up the value chain: What can be learned from the Asian NICs?
Lurong CHEN,Philippe De Lombaerde 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2013 International Area Studies Review Vol.16 No.4
The excess supply of labor in China will be exhausted in the near future as the growth of the population slows down and the share of working-age people shrinks. Once the country crosses the “Lewis Turning Point”, the mobilization of resources can no longer drive growth. In order to compensate for the increasing labor cost and sustain its growth, Chinese firms will need to increase profitability by moving up the value chain. Although the overall strategic objective of upgrading is widely shared and the logic of the globally fragmented production system is now well understood, a strategic impetus is missing to make the transition happening in China. The article contributes some ideas to this debate. Since the challenges that China faces today are similar to the ones faced by South Korea and Malaysia 30 years ago, their experience can shed light to help China find a solution to upgrade its industry. As an impetus, China needs to shift its emphasis from “opening the market in exchange for technology” to “exchanging advanced technologies for other advanced technologies”. It is crucial to give priority to establishing a leading position in several technology-advance frontiers. This will require the Chinese government to take a proactive role in market orientation, resource allocation and the promotion of close collaboration between the public and private sector.
LATIN AMERICAN MULTINATIONALS : A HISTORICAL AND THEORETICAL APPROACH
Franco, Andre´s,Lombaerde, Philippe De 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2003 Global economic review Vol.32 No.1
Among the so-called multinationals from the South, Latin American multinationals are outstanding for being pioneers. Their history goes even back to the end of the 19th century. In this article, we sketch a brief history of Latin American multinationals, but we concentrate on their development and growing importance since the 1980s within the context of economic reforms and globalization. We then apply a theoretical and typological perspective in order to characterize these multinational companies and to identify the elements that will condition their future behavior and development.