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A Procedure for Inducing the Occurrence of Rice Seedling Blast in Paddy Field
Peng Qin,Xiaochun Hu,Nan Jiang,Zhenan Bai,Tiangang Liu,Chenjian Fu,Yongbang Song,Kai Wang,Yuanzhu Yang 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.2
Rice blast caused by the filamentous fungus Magna- porthe oryzae, is arguably the most devastating rice disease worldwide. Development of a high-throughput and reliable field blast resistance evaluation system is essential for resistant germplasm screening, resistance genes identification and resistant varieties breeding. However, the occurrence of rice blast in paddy field is easily affected by various factors, particularly lack of sufficient inoculum, which always leads to the non- uniform occurrence and reduced disease severity. Here, we described a procedure for adequately inducing the occurrence of rice seedling blast in paddy field, which involves pretreatment of diseased straw, initiation of seedling blast for the first batch of spreader population, inducing the occurrence of the second batch of spreader population and test materials. This procedure enables uniform and consistent infection, which facilitates ef- ficient and accurate assessment of seedling blast resis- tance for diverse rice materials.
Peng, Li-qun,Li, Ping,Zhang, Qiu-li,Hong, Lan,Liu, Li-ping,Cui, Xun,Cui, Bai-ri The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.1
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) participates in the regulation of numerous cellular functions, including the $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase (sodium pump). Ouabain, used in the treatment of several heart diseases, is known to increase cAMP levels but its effects on the atrium are not understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of ouabain on the regulation of atrial cAMP production and its roles in atrial endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion in isolated perfused beating rabbit atria. Our results showed that ouabain ($3.0{\mu}mol/L$) significantly increased atrial dynamics and cAMP levels during recovery period. The ouabain-increased atrial dynamics was blocked by KB-R7943 ($3.0{\mu}mol/L$), an inhibitor for reverse mode of $Na^+-Ca^{2+}$ exchangers (NCX), but did not by L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker nifedipine ($1.0{\mu}mol/L$) or protein kinase A (PKA) selective inhibitor H-89 ($3.0{\mu}mol/L$). Ouabain also enhanced atrial intracellular cAMP production in response to forskolin and theophyline ($100.0{\mu}mol/L$), an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, potentiated the ouabain-induced increase in cAMP. Ouabain and 8-Bromo-cAMP ($0.5{\mu}mol/L$) markedly increased atrial ET-1 secretion, which was blocked by H-89 and by PD98059 ($30{\mu}mol/L$), an inhibitor of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) without changing ouabain-induced atrial dynamics. Our results demonstrated that ouabain increases atrial cAMP levels and promotes atrial ET-1 secretion via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK signaling pathway. These findings may explain the development of cardiac hypertrophy in response to digitalis-like compounds.
Peng Wang,Jiyun Bai,Jun Meng 한국정보처리학회 2020 Journal of information processing systems Vol.16 No.5
The ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is a classical metaheuristic optimization algorithm. However,the conventional ACO was liable to trap in the local minimum and has an inherent slow rate of convergence. In this work, we propose a novel combinatorial ACO algorithm (CG-ACO) to alleviate these limitations. Thegenetic algorithm and the cloud model were embedded into the ACO to find better initial solutions and theoptimal parameters. In the experiment section, we compared CG-ACO with the state-of-the-art methods anddiscussed the parameter stability of CG-ACO. The experiment results showed that the CG-ACO achieved betterperformance than ACOR, simple genetic algorithm (SGA), CQPSO and CAFSA and was more likely to reachthe global optimal solution.
Peng Liu,Xiaoyu Bai,Xingtong Gao,Kai Liu,Aixiang Li,Zijian Lyu,Qiuhong Li 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.3
In this paper, lutein block polyethylene glycol (lutein-b-PEG) copolymers were synthesized by hydrophilic modification of lutein with carboxylated polyethylene glycol (CT-PEG). The unreacted lutein was loaded into micelles formed by self-assembly of block copolymers to prepare composite nanoparticles. The results of FT-IR, 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), UV–vis and critical micellar concentration (CMC) showed that the double terminal carboxyl group ratio of CT-PEG reached 50.31%, and lutein-b-PEG was successfully synthesized without destroying the structure of lutein. Compared with lutein, the retention rate of lutein composite nanoparticles increased from 4.32 to 81.3% after 30 days of storage in the dark. In addition, the saturation solubility and bioaccessibility of lutein nanoparticles were increased 35 times and 5.2 times, respectively, due to micellar formation and improved water solubility. These findings indicated that the lutein composite nanoparticles modified with PEG significantly improved the chemical stability, water solubility, and bioaccessibility of lutein.
Y. BAI,L. Y. FAN,X. Z. MA,H. L. PENG,E. Z. SONG 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.4
−In this paper, the bond graph model of common rail injector was proposed in consideration of the effects of variable liquid capacitance and fuel physical property on the injection characteristics of the injector. State equations were derived based on the model, which were numerically solved by programming in Matlab. Comparisons between the simulation results and the experimental data show that the numerical model can effectively predict the injection quantity of the system. Effect of variation of delivery chamber diameter, needle seat semi-angle, needle cone semi-angle, ball valve seat semi-angle, nozzle hole diameter, inlet orifice diameter and outlet orifice diameter on fuel injection quantity had been analyzed. The influence rules of various parameters on the fuel injection quantity had been established. The experiments were conducted using face centered central composite design. A second order polynomial response surface model had been developed for predicting fuel injection quantity, as a function of the independent variables. Analysis of variation was used to determine the significance interactions which primarily affect the fuel injection quantity. It had been concluded that six interaction factors including delivery chamber diameter with nozzle hole diameter, needle seat semi-angle with needle cone semi-angle, needle seat semi-angle with nozzle hole diameter, needle cone semi-angle with nozzle hole diameter, nozzle hole diameter with inlet orifice diameter, and nozzle hole diameter with outlet orifice diameter have significant effect on the fuel injection quantity of the system.
Ruixi Bai,Yang Zhang,Zhigang Zhao,Qiuxia Liao,Peng Chen,Panpan Zhao,Wanghuan Guo,Fan Yang,Laichao Li 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.59 No.-
Rapid and highly selective magnetic core–shell adsorbents for Pb2+ removal from simulated wastewater of rare-earth industry were prepared by synthesizing chitosan-coated Fe3O4 (Fe@CS) beads and following chemical-grafting steps for the diglycolamic-acid group (DGA). The adsorbents had a highly selective ability for Pb2+ toward other metal ions, which attributed to the superior infinity between the DGA and Pb2+. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb2+ was 70.57 mg/g. The R2 of the pseudo-second order kinetics was 0.99857, which indicated the adsorption process was controlled by chemical reactions. Moreover, diglycolamic-acid functionalized Fe@CS (Fe@CS-DGA) beads separated from water within 9 s under magnetic fields.
Analysis on the Characteristics and Prognosis of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors
Wu, Bai-Shou,Hu, Yi,Sun, Jing,Wang, Jin-Liang,Wang, Peng,Dong, Wei-Wei,Tao, Hai-Tao,Gao, Wen-Juan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5
Objective: To retrospectively review the clinical characteristics and analyze the prognostic factors of Chinese patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 176 patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors in Chinese PLA General Hospital from Mar., 2000 to Oct., 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The parameters were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis, including the gender, age, smoking history, family history, TNM staging, localization (central or peripheral), tumor size, nodal status, histological subtype and treatment (operation or non-operation). Results: There were 23 patients with typical carcinoids (TC) (13.1%), 41 with atypical carcinoids (AC) (23.3%), 10 with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) (5.7%) and 102 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (57.9%). The median follow-up time was 64.5 months for AC, 38 months for LCNEC and 27 months for SCLC. The typical carcinoid censored data was 18 (more than 50% of the patients), so the median follow-up time was not obtained, and actuarial 5-year survivals for TC, AC, LCNEC and SCLC were 75.1%, 51.7%, 26.7% and 38.8%, respectively. COX univariate analysis revealed that the age (P=0.001), histological subtype (P=0.005), nodal status (P=0.000), treatment (P=0.000) and TNM staging (P=0.000) were the prognostic factors of the patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, whereas its multivariate analysis showed that only the age(P=0.001), TNM staging (P=0.002) and treatment (P=0.000) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Radical surgery remains the treatment of choice, and is the only curative option. The age, TNM staging and treatment are confirmed to be the independent prognostic factors in multivariable models for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.
Analysis of plane frame structure using base force element method
Yijiang Peng,Yaqiong Bai,Qing Guo 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.62 No.1
The base force element method (BFEM) is a new finite element method. In this paper, a degenerated 4-mid-node plane element from concave polygonal element of BFEM was proposed. The performance of this quadrilateral element with 4 mid-edge nodes in the BFEM on complementary energy principle is studied. Four examples of linear elastic analysis for plane frame structure are presented. The influence of aspect ratio of the element is analyzed. The feasibility of the 4 mid-edge node element model of BFEM on complementary energy principles researched for plane frame problems. The results using the BFEM are compared with corresponding analytical solutions and those obtained from the standard displacement finite element method. It is revealed that the BFEM has better performance compared to the displacement model in the case of large aspect ratio.