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A simple plane-strain solution for functionally graded multilayered isotropic cylinders
Pan, E.,Roy, A.K. Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.24 No.6
A simple plane-strain solution is derived in this paper for the functionally graded multilayered isotropic elastic cylinder under static deformation. The solution is obtained using method of separation of variables and is expressed in terms of the summation of the Fourier series in the circumferential direction. While the solution for order n = 0 corresponds to the axisymmetric deformation, that for n = 2 includes the special deformation frequently utilized in the upper and lower bounds analysis. Numerical results for a three-phase cylinder with a middle functionally graded layer are presented for both axisymmetric (n = 0) and general (n = 2) deformations, under either the traction or displacement boundary conditions on the surface of the layered cylinder. The solution to the general deformation case (n = 2) is further utilized for the first time to find the upper and lower bounds of the effective shear modulus of the layered cylinder with a functionally graded middle layer. These results could be useful in the future study of cylindrical composites where FGMs and/or multilayers are involved.
Pongstaporn, Wanida,Pakakasama, Samart,Chaksangchaichote, Panee,Pongtheerat, Tanett,Hongeng, Suradej,Permitr, Songsak Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7
Background: MDR1, one of the most important drug-transporter genes, encodes P- glycoprotein (P-gp)-a transporter involved in protecting against xenobiotics and multi-drug resistance. The significance of the genetic background in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is not well understood. Materials and Methods: To evaluate whether C3435T and C1236T MDR1 polymorphisms are associated with the occurrence and outcome of ALL, 208 children with ALL (median age 5.0 yr) and 101 healthy Thai children were studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. Results: C3435T and C1236T MDR1 polymorphism are significantly associated with the high-risk group (OR= 2.6, 95%CI =1.164-5.808; P=0.028 and OR= 2.231, 95%CI =1.068-4.659; p=0.047, respectively), indicating that both may be candidates for molecular markers in the high-risk group of ALL.
Baccarani, Michele,Druker, Brian J,Branford, Susan,Kim, Dong-Wook,Pane, Fabrizio,Mongay, Lidia,Mone, Manisha,Ortmann, Christine-Elke,Kantarjian, Hagop M,Radich, Jerald P,Hughes, Timothy P,Cortes, Jorg Elsevier Science Publishers 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY Vol.99 No.5
<P>The TOPS trial evaluated high- (800 mg/day; n = 319) versus standard-dose (400 mg/day; n = 157) imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. Patients had a minimum follow-up of 42 months or discontinued early. Major molecular response (MMR) rates were similar between arms at (51.6 vs 50.2 % for 400 and 800 mg/day, respectively; P = 0.77) and by (75.8 vs 79.0 %; P = 0.4807) 42 months. There were no differences in event-free survival (EFS), progression-free survival(PFS), or overall survival (OS) between arms. The estimated rates of PFS on treatment and OS at 42 months were significantly higher in patients with MMR at 6, 12, and 18 months compared with those without MMR.Adverse events were more frequent with high-dose imatinib. Patients with B1 treatment interruption (vs [1) and those able to maintain imatinib C600 mg/day (vs\600 mg/day) in the first year of treatment had faster and higher response rates, but no improvement in EFS or PFS. Adherence to prescribed dose without interruption may be more important than initiation of therapy with higher doses of imatinib. Achievement of MMR correlated with longterm clinical outcomes.</P>
Cortes, Jorge E.,Baccarani, Michele,Guilhot, Franç,ois,Druker, Brian J.,Branford, Susan,Kim, Dong-Wook,Pane, Fabrizio,Pasquini, Ricardo,Goldberg, Stuart L.,Kalaycio, Matt,Moiraghi, Beatriz,Rowe, American Society of Clinical Oncology 2010 Journal of clinical oncology Vol.28 No.3
<B>Purpose</B><P>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of initial treatment with imatinib mesylate 800 mg/d (400 mg twice daily) versus 400 mg/d in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase.</P><B>Patients and Methods</B><P>A total of 476 patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to imatinib 800 mg (n = 319) or 400 mg (n = 157) daily. The primary end point was the major molecular response (MMR) rate at 12 months.</P><B>Results</B><P>At 12 months, differences in MMR and complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) rates were not statistically significant (MMR, 46% v 40%; P = .2035; CCyR, 70% v 66%; P = .3470). However, MMR occurred faster among patients randomly assigned to imatinib 800 mg/d, who had higher rates of MMR at 3 and 6 months compared with those in the imatinib 400-mg/d arm (P = .0035 by log-rank test). CCyR also occurred faster in the 800-mg/d arm (CCyR at 6 months, 57% v 45%; P = .0146). The most common adverse events were edema, gastrointestinal problems, and rash, and all were more common in patients in the 800-mg/d arm. Grades 3 to 4 hematologic toxicity also occurred more frequently in patients receiving imatinib 800 mg/d.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>MMR rates at 1 year were similar with imatinib 800 mg/d and 400 mg/d, but MMR and CCyR occurred earlier in patients treated with 800 mg/d. Continued follow-up is needed to determine the clinical significance of earlier responses on high-dose imatinib.</P>
Magnetic imaging of a single ferromagnetic nanowire using diamond atomic sensors
Lee, Myeongwon,Jang, Bumjin,Yoon, Jungbae,Mathpal, Mohan C,Lee, Yuhan,Kim, Chulki,Pane, Salvador,Nelson, Bradley J,Lee, Donghun IOP 2018 Nanotechnology Vol.29 No.40
<P>Recent advances in nanorobotic manipulation of ferromagnetic nanowires bring new avenues for applications in the biomedical area, such as targeted drug delivery, diagnostics or localized surgery. However, probing a single nanowire and monitoring its dynamics remains a challenge since it demands high precision sensing, high-resolution imaging, and stable operations in fluidic environments. Here, we report on a novel method of imaging and sensing magnetic fields from a single ferromagnetic nanowire with an atomic-scale sensor in diamond, i.e. diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect center. The distribution of static magnetic fields around a single Co nanowire is mapped out by spatially distributed NV centers and the obtained image is further compared with numerical simulation for quantitative analysis. DC field measurements such as continuous-wave ODMR and Ramsey sequence are used in the paper and sub Gauss level of field sensing is demonstrated. By imaging magnetic fields at a single nanowire level, this work represents an important step toward tracking and probing of ferromagnetic nanowires in biomedical applications.</P>
Multiwavelength Light-Responsive Au/B-TiO<sub>2</sub> Janus Micromotors
Jang, Bumjin,Hong, Ayoung,Kang, Ha Eun,Alcantara, Carlos,Charreyron, Samuel,Mushtaq, Fajer,Pellicer, Eva,Bü,chel, Robert,Sort, Jordi,Lee, Sung Sik,Nelson, Bradley J.,Pané,, Salvador American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.6
<P>Conventional photocatalytic micromotors are limited to the use of specific wavelengths of light due to their narrow light absorption spectrum, which limits their effectiveness for applications in biomedicine and environmental remediation. We present a multiwavelength light-responsive Janus micromotor consisting of a black TiO<SUB>2</SUB> microsphere asymmetrically coated with a thin Au layer. The black TiO<SUB>2</SUB> microspheres exhibit absorption ranges between 300 and 800 nm. The Janus micromotors are propelled by light, both in H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> solutions and in pure H<SUB>2</SUB>O over a broad range of wavelengths including UV, blue, cyan, green, and red light. An analysis of the particles’ motion shows that the motor speed decreases with increasing wavelength, which has not been previously realized. A significant increase in motor speed is observed when exploiting the entire visible light spectrum (>400 nm), suggesting a potential use of solar energy, which contains a great portion of visible light. Finally, stop–go motion is also demonstrated by controlling the visible light illumination, a necessary feature for the steerability of micro- and nanomachines.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2017/ancac3.2017.11.issue-6/acsnano.7b02177/production/images/medium/nn-2017-02177v_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn7b02177'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>