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        The Effect of Dietary Fat Inclusion on Nutrient Intake and Reproductive Performance in Postpartum Awassi Ewes

        Oqla, H.M.,Kridli, R.T.,Haddad, S.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.10

        The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary fat inclusion on nutrient intake, body weight, milk production, return to estrus, pregnancy and lambing of winter-lambing, postpartum Awassi ewes. Thirty multiparous, winter-lambing Awassi ewes (body weight=51${\pm}$7.0 kg) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments (n=10) for 62 days using a completely randomized design. Experimental diets were isonitrogenous, and were formulated to contain 0 (CON), 2.5 (MF), and 5% (HF) added fat, and 33% of the dietary crude protein (CP) as undegradable intake protein (UIP). On day 26 postpartum (day 0=parturition), ewes and their lambs were housed in individual pens for 28 days. Feed offered and refused was recorded daily. At the end of this period, ewes and their lambs within each treatment were combined into one group and fed their respective diet ad libitum. One fertile Awassi ram fitted with a marking harness was allowed with each group for 34 days. No significant (p>0.05) differences in dry matter intake, organic matter intake, and crude protein intake were observed for ewes fed the three experimental diets. No difference was observed in metabolizable energy intake (MEI) for ewes fed the CON and the MF diets (average 8.3 Mcal/d) diet. However, ewes fed the HF diet had greater(p<0.05) MEI compared with the rest of the treatments. Ewe body weights increased throughout the study, unaffected by the experimental diets. No significant differences in milk production were found among ewes fed the three experimental diets. No significant differences were observed in pregnancy rate (6/10, 5/10, 6/10 for CON, MF and HF diets, respectively), lambing rate and the number of lambs per ewe among the three treatments. postpartum reproductive performance of well-fed, winter-lambing Awassi ewes.

      • KCI등재

        ON BIPOLAR M - N-MULTI Q-FUZZY SUBGROUPS

        MOURAD OQLA MASSA'DEH,AHLAM FALLATAH The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.4

        For any bipolar multi Q-fuzzy set δ of an universe set G, we redefined a normal, conjugate concepts, union and product operations of a bipolar M - N-multi Q-fuzzy subgroups and we discuss some of its properties. On the other hand, we introduce and define the level subsets positive β-cut and negative α-cut of bipolar M - N- multi Q- fuzzy subgroup and discuss some of its related properties.

      • KCI등재

        Normal and cosets of (\gamma, \partial)-fuzzy HX-subgroups

        Ahlam Fallatah,Mourad Oqla Massadeh,Abd Ulazeez Alkouri 한국전산응용수학회 2022 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.40 No.3

        In this paper, the concept of (\gamma, \partial)-fuzzy HX-subgroups is introduced. We present some properties of (\gamma, \partial)-normal fuzzy HX-subgroups and we discuss some results related to (\gamma, \partial)-fuzzy cosets.

      • KCI등재

        On the enhancement of the fatigue fracture performance of polymer matrix composites by reinforcement with carbon nanotubes: a systematic review

        Ismail A. H. Muhammad,AL-Oqla Faris M.,Risby M. S.,Sapuan S. M. 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.3

        Rapid development of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced to polymer composites has been recently noticed in many aspects. In this work, the latest developments on fatigue and fracture enhancement of polymer composites with CNTs reinforcement with diverse methods are thoroughly compiled and systematically reviewed. The existing available researches clearly demonstrate that fatigue fracture resistance of polymer composites can be improved accordingly with the addition of CNTs. However, this work identifies an interesting research gap for the first time in this field. Based on the systematic reviewing approach, it is noticed that all previously performed experiments in this field were mostly focused upon studying one factor only at a time. In addition, it is also addressed that there were no previous studies reported a relationship or effect of one factor upon others during examining the fatigue fracture of carbon nanotubes. Moreover, there was no adequate discussion demonstrating the interaction of parameters or the influence of one parameter upon another when both were examined simultaneously. It is also realized that the scope of the conducted fatigue fracture studies of carbon nanotubes were mainly focused on microscale fatigue analysis but not the macroscale one, which can consider the effect of environment and service condition. In addition, the inadequacy of fatigue life predicting models via analytical and numerical methods for CNT-reinforced polymer composites have also been highlighted. Besides, barriers and challenges for future directions on the application of CNT-reinforced polymer composite materials are also discussed here in details.

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