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Stag beetle fauna of Cambodia (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)
Maquart Pierre-Olivier,Yamamoto Shûhei,Sopha Sin,Chhorn Soksan,Phak Satha,Sinovas Pablo,Phauk Sophany,Boyer Sébastien 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.1
To date, no species catalogue of stag beetles (Lucanidae) has been compiled for Cambodia. According to the available literature, we assembled the checklist based on the previously recorded and recognized Cambodian lucanid species in the country. In the present paper, we newly record four species from Cambodia: Falcicornis axisopsis (Séguy, 1954); Neolucanus similis Bomans & Ratti, 1976; Prosopocoilus suturalis (Olivier, 1789); and Prosopocoilus jenkinsi (Westwood, 1848). An updated checklist of the Cambodian stag beetles is given. The total number of the Cambodian lucanid species has now reached 29, but this species count is considerably less diverse than those in neighboring countries. Our study suggested that this poor diversity is not primarily due to biogeography or small country size but to a lack of research effort.
Pierre-Olivier Maquart,Sokha Chea,Sebastien Boyer 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.4
Wild birds have been identified as reservoirs of many pathogens transmissible to humans through bird-biting mosquitoes. Understanding the diversity of vector fauna in bird-conservation areas, is a cornerstone to later develop early detection systems and reduce the risk of emerging disease incidence. Prek Toal is a bird Sanctuary in the Tonle-Sap area in Cambodia hosting the largest migratory bird colony of southeast Asia. The Culicidae fauna was investigated during both dry and rainy seasons. In total, 8,224 mosquitoes from 6 genera and 25 species were collected. The two most represented genera were Anopheles (8 species) and Culex (11 species), while the dominant species was Culex vishnui (58.8%). During the rainy season, 1.6 fold more mosquitoes were caught and the number of species doubled. One of the most notable feature is the absence of any Aedinii mosquito which could be attributed to the low human density around the area, and the large populations of migratory birds. A total of 13 species from 3 genera are reported to be of medical importance. 6 medically-important species were collected in all 3 sites, and are known to bite both wild birds and humans: An. barbirostris, An. campestris, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus, Cx. vishnui, Ma. indiana and Ma. uniformis. One of the most important feature is the overabundance of Culex vishnui, largely dominant in Prek Toal throughout the seasons and the sites, and being present everywhere in Cambodia. This finding stresses its potentiality to act as bridge vectors in the case of new disease emergence.
Maquart Pierre-Olivier,Rahola Nil,Chhuoy Kalyan,Heng Kimly,Chhum Moeun,Suor Kimhuor,Boyer Sébastien 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.2
Toxorhynchites are often nicknamed “elephant mosquitoes” due to their large size and bent proboscis. These colorful mosquitoes are generally covered with iridescent and metallic-colored scales and do not require blood feeding to perform their oogenesis since females acquire all the required proteins during their larval stages. Consequently, they are not involved in the transmission of pathogens, and are not considered to be of medical importance. This genus is comprised of 89 species worldwide, including three in Cambodia. During a survey conducted in Veun Sai Siem Pang National Park and in Kirirom National Park in 2021, several larvae of Toxo rhynchites were collected inside pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes smilesii. Upon investigation, they were proven to belong to a new species, Tx. domrey sp. nov., described in the present article. LSID: https://zoobank.org/6D09A56F-A509-4FE6-BE4B-BAB5F0CB748F.
Mutations in KEOPS-complex genes cause nephrotic syndrome with primary microcephaly
Braun, Daniela A,Rao, Jia,Mollet, Geraldine,Schapiro, David,Daugeron, Marie-Claire,Tan, Weizhen,Gribouval, Olivier,Boyer, Olivia,Revy, Patrick,Jobst-Schwan, Tilman,Schmidt, Johanna Magdalena,Lawson, J Nature Pub. Co 2017 Nature genetics Vol.49 No.10
<P>Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is an autosomal-recessive disease characterized by the combination of early-onset nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies. Here we identified recessive mutations in OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, and LAGE3, genes encoding the four subunits of the KEOPS complex, in 37 individuals from 32 families with GAMOS. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout in zebrafish and mice recapitulated the human phenotype of primary microcephaly and resulted in early lethality. Knockdown of OSGEP, TP53RK, or TPRKB inhibited cell proliferation, which human mutations did not rescue. Furthermore, knockdown of these genes impaired protein translation, caused endoplasmic reticulum stress, activated DNA-damage-response signaling, and ultimately induced apoptosis. Knockdown of OSGEP or TP53RK induced defects in the actin cytoskeleton and decreased the migration rate of human podocytes, an established intermediate phenotype of SRNS. We thus identified four new monogenic causes of GAMOS, describe a link between KEOPS function and human disease, and delineate potential pathogenic mechanisms.</P>