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제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가
김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1
1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.
Kwon, Oh Seok,Ahn, Sae Ryun,Park, Seon Joo,Song, Hyun Seok,Lee, Sang Hun,Lee, Jun Seop,Hong, Jin-Yong,Lee, James S.,You, Sun Ah,Yoon, Hyeonseok,Park, Tai Hyun,Jang, Jyongsik American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.6
<P>Recognition of diverse hormones in the human body is a highly significant challenge because numerous diseases can be affected by hormonal imbalances. However, the methodologies reported to date for detecting hormones have exhibited limited performance. Therefore, development of innovative methods is still a major concern in hormone-sensing applications. In this study, we report an immobilization-based approach to facilitate formation of close-packed arrays of carboxylated polypyrrole nanoparticles (CPPyNPs) and their integration with human parathyroid hormone receptor (hPTHR), which is a B-class family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Our devices enabled use of an electrically controllable liquid-ion-gated field-effect transistor by using the surrounding phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) as electrolyte solution. Field-induced signals from the peptide hormone sensors were observed and provided highly sensitive and selective recognition of target molecules at unprecedentedly low concentrations (<I>ca.</I> 48 fM). This hormone sensor also showed long-term stability and excellent selectivity in fetal bovine serum. Importantly, the hormone receptor attached on the surface of CPPyNPs enabled GPCR functional studies; synergistic effects corresponding to increased hPTH peptide length were monitored. These results demonstrate that close-packed CPPyNP arrays are a promising approach for high-performance biosensing devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-6/nn301482x/production/images/medium/nn-2012-01482x_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn301482x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Laser Direct Ablation of Indium Tin Oxide Films on Both Sides of Various Substrates.
Oh, Gi Taek,Kwon, Sang Jik,Han, Jae-Hee,Cho, Eou Sik American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.15 No.3
<P>We demonstrate ablation of indium tin oxide (ITO) films onto both glass and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates, using a Q-switched diode-pumped neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate laser (Nd:YVO4, 관 = 1064 nm) incident on both the front and back sides of the substrate. From scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and depth profile data, ITO patterns that were laser-ablated onto glass from the back side showed a larger abrupt change in the ablated line width than those ablated from the front. However, there were only slight differences in ablated line widths due to the direction of the incident laser beam. We provide a possible explanation in terms of several factors: dispersion of laser beam energy through the substrate, overlapping of each laser beam spot due to scanning speed, and the thickness of glass and PET substrates.</P>
Oh-yun Kwon,Won-hwee Lee,Sung-dae Jung,Si-hyun Kim,Do-heon Jung 한국전문물리치료학회 2011 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.18 No.4
This study compared the stability of the cervical spine according to the presence of neck pain and deep neck flexor performance. Thirty subjects with neck pain, and thirty subjects without neck pain were recruited for this study. The Cranio-cervical flexion (CCF) test was applied using a pressure biofeedback unit to classify the subjects into four subgroups; no cervical pain and good deep neck flexor performance (NG group), no cervical pain and poor deep neck flexor performance (NP group), cervical pain and good deep neck flexor performance (PG group), and cervical pain and poor deep neck flexor performance (PP group). The head sway angle was measured using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. A 3-㎏ weight was used for external perturbation with the subject sitting in a chair in the resting and erect head positions with voluntary contraction of the deep neck flexors. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with a Bonferroni post hoc test. The deep neck flexor performance differed significantly among the four groups (p<.05). The NG group had significantly greater deep neck flexor performance than NP and PP groups. The stability of the cervical spine also differed significantly among the four groups in the resting head position (p<.05). The head sway angle was significantly smaller in NG group as compared with the other groups. The PP group had the greatest head sway angle in the resting head position. However, there was no significant difference in the stability of the cervical spine among the groups in the erect head position with voluntary contraction of deep neck flexors (p=.57). The results of this study suggest that the deep neck flexor performance is important for maintaining the stability of cervical spine from external perturbation.
Kwon, Tae-Jun,Cho, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Un-Kyung,Lee, Eujin,Oh, Se-Kyung,Bok, Jinwoong,Bae, Yong Chul,Yi, Jun-Koo,Lee, Jang Woo,Ryoo, Zae-Young,Lee, Sang Heun,Lee, Kyu-Yup,Kim, Hwa-Young IRL Press 2014 Human molecular genetics Vol.23 No.6
<P>Methionine sulfoxide reductase B3 (MsrB3) is a protein repair enzyme that specifically reduces methionine-<I>R</I>-sulfoxide to methionine. A recent genetic study showed that the <I>MSRB3</I> gene is associated with autosomal recessive hearing loss in human deafness DFNB74. However, the precise role of MSRB3 in the auditory system and the pathogenesis of hearing loss have not yet been determined. This work is the first to generate <I>MsrB3</I> knockout mice to elucidate the possible pathological mechanisms of hearing loss observed in DFNB74 patients. We found that homozygous <I>MsrB3<SUP>−/−</SUP></I> mice were profoundly deaf and had largely unaffected vestibular function, whereas heterozygous <I>MsrB3<SUP>+/−</SUP></I> mice exhibited normal hearing similar to that of wild-type mice. The MsrB3 protein is expressed in the sensory epithelia of the cochlear and vestibular tissues, beginning at E15.5 and E13.5, respectively. Interestingly, MsrB3 is densely localized at the base of stereocilia on the apical surface of auditory hair cells. MsrB3 deficiency led to progressive degeneration of stereociliary bundles starting at P8, followed by a loss of hair cells, resulting in profound deafness in <I>MsrB3<SUP>−/−</SUP></I> mice. The hair cell loss appeared to be mediated by apoptotic cell death, which was measured using TUNEL and caspase 3 immunocytochemistry. Taken together, our data suggest that MsrB3 plays an essential role in maintaining the integrity of hair cells, possibly explaining the pathogenesis of DFNB74 deafness in humans caused by MSRB3 deficiency.</P>
Sung hoon Jung,Oh yun Kwon,Kyu hwan Choi,Sung min Ha,Su jung Kim,In cheol Jeon,Ui jae Hwang 한국전문물리치료학회 2015 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.4
This study compared the effects of the initial head position (i.e., a HHP versus a relaxed head position) of subjects with and without a FHP on the thickness of the deep and superficial neck flexor muscles during CCF. The study recruited 6 subjects with a FHP and 10 subjects without a FHP. The subjects performed CCF in two different head positions: a HHP, with the head aligned so that the forehead and chin formed a horizontal line, and a relaxed head position (RHP), with the head aligned in a self-selected comfortable position. During the CCF exercise, the thickness of the longus colli (LCo) and the thickness of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) were recorded using ultrasonography. The thickness of each muscle was measured by Image J software. The statistical analysis was performed with a two-way mixed-model analysis of variance. The thickness of the SCM differed significantly (p<.05) between the subjects with and without FHP. According to a post hoc independent t-test, the change in thickness of the SCM increased significantly during CCF in the subjects with FHP while adopting a HHP compared to that in the subjects without FHP. The change in thickness of the SCM was not significantly different between the two positions in subjects without FHP, and there was no significant change in thickness of the LCo muscle during the CCF exercise according to the initial position in both subjects with and without FHP. The results suggest that CCF should be performed in RHP to minimize contraction of the SCM in subjects with a FHP.
Oh, Dong-Jun,Kwon, Sung-Kyu,Song, Hyeong-Sub,Kim, So-Yeong,Lee, Ga-Won,Lee, Hi-Deok The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.2
In this paper, we propose a novel method for extracting an accurate depth of a trap that causes RTS(Random Telegraph Signal) noise. The error rates of the trap depth rely on the mean time constants and its ratio. Here, we determined how many data of the capture and emission time constant are necessary in order to reduce the trap depth error caused by an inaccurate mean time constant. We measured the capture and emission time constants up to 100,000 times in order to ensure that the samples had statistical meaning. As a result, we demonstrated that at least 1,000 samples are necessary to satisfy less than 10% error for trap depth. This result could be used to improve the accuracy of RTS noise analysis.