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한국노동영역의 정책네트워크: 코포라티즘의 지속 혹은 변형: 최저임금의 정책결정을 중심으로
배봉준(구명:배응환) ( Bae Bong-jun (old Name: Bae Eong-hwan) ) 한국행정학회 2020 韓國行政學報 Vol.54 No.4
이 연구는 우리경제에서 매년 국가와 노동계 및 경영계의 중요이슈로 되어 온 최저임금에 대한 정책결정과정의 제도와 실제를 정책네트워크모형을 가지고 분석한 것인데, 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 최저임금제도는 노동의 대가인 임금을 시장에서 사용자와 근로자 간의 경쟁에 맡기면 임금책정이 낮게 되는 문제를 사회정책적 측면에서 시정하기 위해 도입한 것이다. 최저임금법이 규정하고 있는 최저임금의 정책결정은 최저임금위원회에서 노·사·공익 대표들 간의 공식적이고 폐쇄적인 협상조정체계인 코포라티즘틀에 의해 산출하게 되어 있다. 그러나 문재인정부의 2018년도 최저임금의 정책결정은 정책네트워크의 성격이 코포라티즘에서 이탈하여 압력다원주의로 변형되고 있다. 이렇게 제도상 코포라티즘틀이 실제상 압력다원주의로 전환되는 이유는 정권의 성격과 구조변화가 되고 이익집단의 확산으로 이익의 독점과 분절이 나타나고 있고 이들의 기능수행이 공식적으로 이루어졌지만 복잡한 협상과 조정이 있었으며 이에 따라 정부와 이익집단 간에 갈등과 협력이 공존하기 때문이다. 이러한 연구결과의 함의는 우리나라의 정책 결정과 이익중개의 특성을 파악할 수 있고, 정부가 정책결정을 하는데 어떻게 하여야 하는가에 대한 문제해결의 방향을 제시할 수 있다. This study analyzes the system and practice of policy making on the minimum wage, which has been an important issue of the state, labor, and management in the Korean economy every year, based on the policy network model. The results of analysis are as follows: The minimum wage system was introduced to correct the problem of low wages if wages, which are the cost of labor, are left to competition between users and workers in the market in terms of social policy. The minimum wage policy decisions stipulated by the Minimum Wage Act are to be calculated by “corporatism,” as an official and closed negotiation coordination system between representatives of labor, management, and the public interest, at the Minimum Wage Commission. However, the Moon Jae-in government’s policy decisions on the minimum wage in 2018 are changing the characteristic of the policy network from corporatism to “pressure pluralism.” The reason for this shift is changes in the characteristics and structure of government, the spread of interest groups leading monopolization, and division of interest. Moreover, although the government and interest groups carried out their functional behavior, there were complex negotiations and adjustments, and conflict and cooperation between the two sides coexisted. These findings may suggest the characteristics of the nation’s policy decision making and interest intermediation, along with the direction of how the government should make policy decisions.
KP-CoT-23 (CCDC83) is a novel immunogenic cancer/testis antigen in colon cancer
SONG, MYUNG-HA,HA, JIN-MOK,SHIN, DONG-HOON,LEE, CHANG-HUN,OLD, LLOYD,LEE, SANG-YULL Spandidos Publications 2012 International journal of oncology Vol.41 No.5
<P>Cancer/testis (CT) antigens are considered target molecules for cancer immunotherapy. To identify novel CT antigens, immunoscreening of a testicular cDNA library was performed using serum obtained from a colon cancer patient who was immunized with a new dendritic cell vaccine. We isolated 64 positive cDNA clones comprised of 40 different genes, designated KP-CoT-1 through KP-CoT-40. Three of these putative antigens, including KP-CoT-23 (CCDC83), had testis-specific expression profiles in the Unigene database. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of 2 KP-Cot-23 variants was restricted to the testis in normal adult tissues. In addition, KP-CoT-23 variants were frequently expressed in a variety of tumors and cancer cell lines, including colon cancer. A serological western blot assay showed IgG antibodies to the KP-CoT-23 protein in 26 of 37 colon cancer patients and in 4 of 21 healthy patients. These data suggest that KP-CoT-23 is a novel CT antigen that may be useful for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer.</P>
KIM, KANG-MI,SONG, MYUNG-HA,KIM, MIN-JU,DAUDI, SAYEEMA,MILIOTTO, ANTHONY,OLD, LLOYD,ODUNSI, KUNLE,LEE, SANG-YULL D.A. Spandidos 2012 International journal of oncology Vol.41 No.3
<P>SEREX has proven to be a powerful method that takes advantage of the presence of spontaneous humoral immune response in some cancer patients. In this study, immunoscreening of normal testis and two ovarian cancer cell line cDNA expression libraries with sera from ovarian cancer patients led to the isolation of 75 independent antigens, designated KP-OVA-1 through KP-OVA-75. Of these, RT-PCR showed KP-OVA-52 to be expressed strongly in normal testis, in ovarian cancer cell lines (3/9) and in ovarian cancer tissues (1/17). The expression of KP-OVA-52 in cancer cells is also induced by the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (ADC). To test immunogenicity, we used the Serum Antibody Detection Assay (SADA) to analyze anti-IgG antibodies against the 75 antigens that were initially isolated by SEREX. Four of the 75 antigens (KP-OVA-25, KP-OVA-35, KP-OVA-68 and KP-OVA-73) reacted exclusively with sera from cancer patients. However, KP-OVA-52 reacted with 1 of 20 ovarian cancer sera. These data suggest that the KP-OVA-52 can be considered a novel CT antigen that is regulated by DNA methylation.</P>
International Trials of Vertical Flow Reactors for Coal Mine Water Treatment
Blanco, I.,Sapsford, D. J.,Trumm, D.,Pope, J.,Kruse, N.,Cheong, Y. w.,McLauchlan, H.,Sinclair, E.,Weber, P.,Olds, W. Springer Science + Business Media 2018 Mine water and the environment Vol.37 No.1
<P>Vertical flow reactors (VFRs) were tested at coal mine sites in New Zealand, South Korea, and the USA. The objective was to evaluate the iron removal efficiency and iron removal mechanisms during field trials at low pH and circumneutral pH, and to evaluate the potential use of VFRs as stand-alone systems or in combination with other passive treatment technologies. Total iron and manganese removal efficiencies at circumneutral pH (6-8) often exceeded 90%, with effluent concentrations less than 1 mg/L. This is attributed to both homogeneous and heterogenous Fe(II) oxidation and filtration of the precipitated ferrihydrite. Iron removal efficiencies at moderately acidic conditions (pH 3-4.5) averaged close to 40%, with an average 71.0% removal in one of the trials after iron removal capacity was stabilized. Microbial Fe(II) oxidation and precipitation as schwertmannite together with aggregation of colloidal and nano-particulate Fe(III) are suspected to be the main removal mechanisms. Iron solubility limited removal under very acidic conditions (pH < 3). The reproducibility of the results with respect to previous research confirmed that VFRs can be used as stand-alone passive treatment systems for iron removal from mine waters with a footprint less than half of the area required by a conventional aerobic wetland. A VFR can also provide useful iron pretreatment for other passive treatment systems under circumneutral conditions, but would have to be combined with alkaline generating systems to achieve full iron removal from acidic mine waters.</P>