Primary Polydipsia in Children: Two Case Reports

Nu Ri Hwang,Min Sun Kim,Soon Chul Kim,이대열 대한소아신장학회 2018 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.22 No.2

Primary polydipsia (PP) is marked by an increase in thirst, and most often presents in patients with psychiatric illnesses. Although uncommon in children, we experienced cases of PP in a 15-month-old boy and a 5-year-old girl. Both were admitted to the hospital with symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria that appeared 1–3 months before admission. Brain magnetic resonance imaging in both patients was normal. A water restriction test was performed after hospitalization and showed normal results. The symptoms improved after the parents were instructed to implement water-intake restriction for 2 weeks. Our report provides useful information for the treatment of PP in children.

Immediate Effect of Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle Direction Taping on Thoracolumbar Junction Rotation Angle During One Arm Lifting in the Quadruped Position

Nu-ri Kim,Sun-hee Ahn,Gyeong-tae Gwak,Hwa-ik Yoo,Oh-yun Kwon 한국전문물리치료학회 2021 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Background: The serratus posterior inferior (SPI) muscle originates from the spinous pro-cess of T11-L2 and inserts at the lower border of the 9–12th ribs. This muscle is involved in thoracolumbar rotation and stability. Several positions can be used to improve trunk stability; the quadruped position is a good position for easily maintaining a neutral spine. In particular, during one arm lifting, various muscles act to maintain a neutral trunk position, and the SPI is one of these muscles. If trunk stability is weakened, uncontrolled trunk rotation may occur at this time. Tape can be used to increase trunk stability. There have been no studies on the effect of taping applied to the SPI muscle on thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) stability. Objects: This study compared the TLJ rotation angle between three different conditions (without taping, transverse taping, and SPI muscle direction taping). Methods: Thirty subjects were recruited to the study (18 males and 12 females). The TLJ rota-tion angle was measured during one arm lifting in a quadruped position (ALQP). Two taping methods (transverse and SPI muscle direction taping) were applied, and the TLJ rotation angle was measured in the same movement. Results: SPI muscle direction taping significantly reduced TLJ rotation compared to that with-out taping (p < 0.001) and with transverse taping (p < 0.001). There was a significant dif-ference in the TLJ rotation angle between transverse taping and SPI muscle direction taping (p < 0.017). Conclusion: SPI muscle direction taping reduces the TLJ rotation angle during ALQP. There-fore, SPI muscle direction taping is one method to improve TLJ stability and reduce uncon-trolled TLJ rotation during ALQP.

Study for Residue Analysis of Pinoxaden in Agricultural Commodities

Kim, Ji Young,Yoon, Eun Kyung,Kim, Jong Soo,Seong, Nu Ri,Yun, Sang Soon,Jung, Yong Hyun,Oh, Jae Ho,Kim, Hyochin The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 2019 한국환경농학회지 Vol.38 No.4

BACKGROUND: Pinoxaden is the phenylpyrazoline herbicide developed by Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. and marketed on 2006. The maximum residue levels for wheat and barley were set by import tolerance. Thus, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) official analytical method determining Pinoxaden residue was necessary in various food matrixes. Satisfaction of international guideline of CODEX (Codex Alimentarius Commission CAC/GL 40) and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation-MFDS (2017) are additional pre-requirements for analytical method. In this study, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was investigated to analyze residue of Pinoxaden (M4), which is defined as pesticide residue in Korea, in foods. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pinoxaden (M4) was extracted followed by acid digestion (2hr reflux with 1N HCl) and pH adjusting (pH 4-5 with 3% ammonium solution). To remove oil, additional clean-up step with hexane saturated with acetonitrile was required to high oil contained sample before purification. HLB cartridge and nylon syringe filter were used for purification. Then, samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS using reserve phase column C₁₈. Five agricultural group representative commodities (mandarin, potato, soybean, hulled rice, and red pepper) were used to verify the method in this study. The liner matrix-matched calibration curves were confirmed with coefficient of determination (r²) > 0.99 at calibration range 0.002-0.2 mg/kg. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.004 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively, which were suitable to apply Positive List System (PLS). Mean average accuracies of pinoxaden (M4) were shown to be 74.0-105.7%. The precision of pinoxaden and its metabolites were also shown less than 14.5% for all five samples. CONCLUSION: The method investigated in this study was suitable to CODEX (CAC/GL 40) and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation-MFDS (2017) guideline for residue analysis. Thus, this method can be useful for determining the residue in various food matrixes in routine analysis.

Changes in Total Aerobic Bacteria in the Ingredients of Ready-to-Eat Kimbab during the Storage at Different Temperatures

Nu Ri Kim,Jae Cheol Kim,Si Chang Yang,Ah Young Hwang,Keum Taek Hwang 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

성별과 연령에 따른 연상 대상별 중성색으로의 인식 차이

김누리 ( Kim Nu-ri ),박영경 ( Park Yung-kyung ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회(구 시각디자인학회) 2017 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.61 No.-

남녀평등에 대한 의식의 향상으로 중성적인 디자인과 색채의 활용 범위가 패션을 비롯하여 다양한 디자인 분야로 확장되고 있다. 이런 변화에 따라 본 연구는 단일 색과 패션에서 젠더 연상에 따른 중성색을 연구하고자 하였다. 다양한 명도, 채도의 색채와 흔히 중성색으로 떠오르는 무채색을 포함하여 연상 대상 추상적 대상 도형 색과 구체적 대상 셔츠 색에서의 중성색의 차이를 비교분석하였다. 연상 대상은 추상적인 대상도형 색과 구체적인 대상 셔츠 색으로 지정하였고, 성별, 연령에 따른 차이를 보일 것이라 가정하고, 피험자를 남녀 20, 30대로 구성하여 비교 분석하였다. 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연상 대상 따라 무채색은 중성색이 다르게 나타났다. Gray는 대체적으로 남성적으로 연상되었지만, 저명도-저채도는 단일 색에서 20대 여성을 제외하고 모두 중성적으로 연상하였다. 중명도-저채도는 30대 여성만 단일 색에서 중성적으로 연상하였다. Black은 단일 색에서 남성적으로 연상되었고, 패션 색에서 여성이 중성적으로 연상하였다. 둘째, 중성색은 색상, 명도, 채도 모두의 영향이 있었고, 연상 대상에 따라 중성색이 다르게 나타났다. 셋째, 연상 대상이 패션 일 때 소재, 형태 등이 색채의 영향 보다 중성색 연상에 더 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료되었다. 따라서 연상 대상에 따라 중성색이 다르게 인식될 수 있음을 확인하였으며 또한 연상 대상에 따라 성별, 연령의 차이가 나타났다. With the improvement of consciousness about gender equality, the use of neutral design and color has been expanded to various design fields including fashion. According to this change, this study tried to study the neutral color according to the association of gender in a single color and fashion. This study analyzed the difference of neutral color between abstract color and specific color, including various colors of lightness, chroma and achromatic color that often come up as neutral color. The subjects were assigned to the abstract target shape color and the specific target shirt color. The subjects were assumed to be different according to sex and age. The conclusion is as follows. First, neutral color was different in achromatic color depending on the associative target. Gray was largely reminiscent of masculine, but middle lightness-low chroma remained neutrally, except for women in their twenties in a shape color. low lightness- low chroma was reminiscent of a shape color and neutral in only thirties. Black was reminiscent of masculine in a shape color, and reminiscent of women in shirt colors. Second, the neutral color was affected by both color, brightness and saturation, and the neutral color was different depending on the associative object. Third, it is considered that the material, shape, etc. Are more influential on the neutral color association than the color effect when the associate object is fashion. Therefore, it was confirmed that the neutral color could be recognized differently according to the associative object, and there was a difference in sex and age according to the association object.

디자인권 출원 키워드 분석을 활용한 디자인 트렌드 예측 가능성에 관한 연구

김누리(Kim, Nu Ri),조재경(Cho, Jae Kyung) 한국디자인문화학회 2016 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구에서는 디자인권의 중요성과 역할에 대하여 알아보기 위해 대한민국의 대표 산업군의 소비재 품목인 휴대전화의 디자인권 출원 키워드를 전수조사하여 실제 출시 제품과 비교 분석하였다. 1991년 이후 부터 작성된 디자인권 통계에 따르면 휴대전화는 전체 출원된 디자인권 75만건 중 11.4%를 차지하여 일반 소비재 항목 중 가장 높은 출원 건수를 보였다. 또한 타 소비재 대비 기술의 발전과 디자인의 변화가 단시간에 이루어졌기에 가장 적합한 연구 대상이라고 판단하였다. 본 연구에 활용한 휴대전화 디자인권 출원 서지정보는 총 9,235건이며 대상 기간은 휴대전화의 태동기인 1980년부터 스마트폰 이전 휴대전화의 절정시기인 2009년까지이다. 연구 방법은 문헌조사법과 인터넷조사법을 병행하였으며 분석 방법은 비교분석 방법을 사용하였다. 연구를 위한 기초 자료 수집을 위해 특허청에서 운영하는 디자인맵 사이트와 한국특허정보원에서 운영하는 특허정보넷 키프리스 검색엔진을 활용하였으며 연구 대상기간에 해당되는 모든 휴대전화 관련 디자인권 서지정보를 분석하였다. 분석 정보에는 휴대전화의 디자인의 3대 성립요소인 형상, 모양, 색채를 규정하는 키워드, 제조사, 디자인권 출원년도 등이 포함 되어 있다. 실제 출시된 휴대전화 디자인 정보의 기초 자료는 제조사의 웹사이트와 선행 논문 등을 활용하여 수집하였다. 분석된 정보는 시대별인 1980년대, 1990년대, 2000년대 순으로 그 특징을 분류하였다. 연도별 대표 키워드와 가장 부합하는 디자인 형상을 시대별 대표 형상으로 정의하고 해당 형상이 동 시대의 대표적인 제품과 형태적으로 유사한지 상호 연관성을 비교하였다. 그 결과 디자인권 출원과 실제 제품과의 밀접한 상관관계가 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 예로 시장에 출시된 제품보다 길게는 2~3년, 짧게는 수개월의 앞서 향후 출시될 제품과 유사한 형태의 디자인 출원 비율이 늘어났음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 디자인권 출원 분석은 새로운 트렌드 또는 변화가 생기기 전에 과거의 흐름을 이해하고 일어날 변화를 예측하기 위한 효율적인 도구로 활용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 향후 디자인을 필요로 하는 다양한 산업분야에서 크리에이티브와 비즈니스를 자산으로 축적하기 위해서는 디자인권의 가치와 중요성을 더욱 체계적으로 검증해야 할 것이다. 더불어 디자인 지식재산권 데이터의 축적 및 분석 관련 다양한 방법론들이 연구될 것으로 기대한다. In order to investigate the importance and role of design right in this paper, complete enumeration survey has done for design right in mobile phone industry which is one of the most representative industries in Korea. The reason of survey regarding on mobile industry in Korea is that the ratio of mobile phone design right application is the highest in overall design right in general consumer product fields which is 11.4% out of 75,000 entire design right since 1991. Also, technology development speed in mobile industry is far rapid to compare with other industries so that mobile phone design has been changed rapidly in a short period of time. Total 9,235 of design patent bibliographies from 1980 to 2009 are used for this investigation. Both document investigation method, Internet research investigation method and comparison and analysis method are main methodologies for this investigation. Design right keywords and images are all collected from Kipris search engine and Design map website operated by the Korea Institute of Patent Information and Korea Intellectual Property Office. Market released mobile phone product information is collected from various website and papers. Design right keywords which contain three elements of establishment of design -shape, color and pattern- have extracted from patent bibliography. Each extracted keywords categorized by era(1980, 1990, and 2000). The design and shape best meets representatives were defined as age-specific keyword per year to verify that the shape represented stereotype products and morphological similarity to contemporary era. As a result, this study shows that design right and market release product has strongly co-related. For example, if a certain shape of mobile phone design right ratio increased, same or similar shape of mobile phone will be released to market after a certain period of time. Therefore, design patent analysis can be utilized as an efficient tool to predict future trend and understanding future changes.

비판적 담화분석을 활용한 읽기 전략과 텍스트 분석

김누리 ( Nu Ri Kim ) 한국독서학회 2015 독서연구 Vol.0 No.35

이 연구의 목적은 기존의 비판적 읽기의 한계를 보완하고, 사회적 관점에서 비판적 읽기의 방법을 모색하는 데 있다. 현재 비판적 읽기는 텍스트 내적 기준에 의거하여 제시된 내용의 타당성, 신뢰성, 표현의 적절성 등을 평가하는 기능적인 수준에 그치고 있다. 이러한 텍스트 내적인 논리적인 논증이나 수사학적인 표현의 적절성 평가뿐 아니라, 텍스트를 둘러싼 사회ㆍ문화적 맥락을 고려하여 텍스트 이면에 전제되어 있는 사회적 가정(假定)이나 이데올로기 등을 인식하며 판단하는 읽기 능력이 필요하다는 데서 본연구는 시작되었다. 이에 본고는 비판적 담화 분석에 이론적 토대를 두어읽기 단계를 추출하고, 대표적인 읽기 전략을 설계하였다. 또한 이를 적용하여 텍스트 분석 과정을 구체적으로 제시하였다. 먼저 비판적 담화분석 이론을 페어클럽의 담화분석의 세 가지 차원을 중심으로 살펴보고 이것이 읽기에 주는 시사점을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 사회적 맥락 파악하기, 이데올로기 설명하기, 사회적 실천하기를 핵심 요소로 읽기 단계를 설계하였다. 또한 각 읽기 단계별 ‘다양한 관점 고려하기’,‘부각 및 배제된 관점 파악하기’, ‘자신의 관점과 행동 취하기’의 읽기 전략을 제안하였다. 마지막으로 CDA를 활용한 단계별 읽기 전략을 적용하여 신문사설 텍스트의 구체적인 텍스트 분석 과정을 제시하였다. 결국 비판적 읽기는 사회문화적 맥락 속에서 텍스트와 사회적 관련성을 고려하여 내재된 이데올로기를 인식하고, 이를 주체적으로 판단하는 사회적 행위로서의 읽기가 되어야 한다. The purpose of this study is to compensate the limitations of critical reading, and to look for critical reading methods from a social perspective. Current critical reading stops at a functional level, judging the given content``s validity, credibility, and the appropriateness of expression in accordance to the text``s internal standards. Not only logical demonstration of the inner text and judging of the appropriateness of rhetorical expressions but also considering the socialㆍcultural context surrounding the text and recognizing the prerequisite social assumptions or ideology hidden in the text are what brought to view the need to study reading abilities. Thus this paper extracted reading steps from critical discourse analysis with a theoretical foundation, and built representative reading strategies. Also a specific text analysis process of this usage is provided. First a close look at critical discourse analysis theory was taken centering on the 3 levels of Fairclough``s discourse analysis and then the implication that was brought by this was analyzed. Through this the key points, understanding social context, ideological explanation, social practice, were used to build reading steps. Also for each respective reading step ``considering from various perspectives``, ``grasping magnified and excluded perspectives``, and ``one``s own perspective and taking action`` were the proposed reading strategies. Lastly each step for reading strategies using CDA was used to provide a specific process of text analysis of a newspaper editorial text. In conclusion through critical reading one should be able to make reading a social act considering the text in social cultural context and its social relation, and perceive the hidden ideology, using this to make independent judgments.

영혼을 팔아버린 대학 -대학의 기업화와 학문공동체의 위기(2)

김누리 ( Nu Ri Kim ) 영미문학연구회 2010 안과 밖 Vol.0 No.28

Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases 7 in the Pathogenesis of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: Decreased E-cadherin in Acid exposed Primary Human Pharyngeal Epithelial Cells

Im, Nu-Ri,Lee, Doh Young,Kim, Byoungjae,Kim, Jian,Jung, Kwang-Yoon,Kim, Tae Hoon,Baek, Seung-Kuk MDPI AG 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.21

<P>Cleavage of E-cadherin and the resultant weakness in the cell-cell links in the laryngeal epithelium lining is induced by exposure to acidic contents of the refluxate. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in inducing E-cadherin level changes following acid exposure to the human pharyngeal mucosal cells. E-cadherin levels were inversely correlated with the duration of acid exposure. Treatment with actinonin, a broad MMP inhibitor, inhibited this change. Immunocytochemical staining and transepithelial permeability test revealed that the cell surface staining of E-cadherin decreased and transepithelial permeability increased after acid exposure, which was significantly inhibited by the MMP inhibitor. Among the various MMPs analyzed, the mRNA for MMP-7 in the cellular component was upregulated, and the secretion and enzymatic activity of MMP-7 in the culture media increased with the acid treatment. Consequently, MMP-7 plays a significant role in the degradation of E-cadherin after exposure to a relatively weak acidic condition that would be similar to the physiologic condition that occurs in Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease patients.</P>

Primary Polydipsia in Children: Two Case Reports

Hwang, Nu Ri,Kim, Min Sun,Kim, Soon Chul,Lee, Dae-Yeol Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology 2018 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.22 No.2

Primary polydipsia (PP) is marked by an increase in thirst, and most often presents in patients with psychiatric illnesses. Although uncommon in children, we experienced cases of PP in a 15-month-old boy and a 5-year-old girl. Both were admitted to the hospital with symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria that appeared 1-3 months before admission. Brain magnetic resonance imaging in both patients was normal. A water restriction test was performed after hospitalization and showed normal results. The symptoms improved after the parents were instructed to implement water-intake restriction for 2 weeks. Our report provides useful information for the treatment of PP in children.