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      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        Exact BEP of Decode-and-Forward Cooperative Systems With Multiple Relays in Rayleigh Fading Channels

        Young Gil Kim,Beaulieu, Norman C. IEEE 2015 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.64 No.2

        <P>The exact average bit error probability (BEP) performance of decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative systems with multiple relays for binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signals in Rayleigh fading channels is derived. Two types of receivers, i.e., a λ-maximal ratio combining (λ-MRC) receiver and a piecewise linear (PL) receiver, are examined. The characteristic functions (CFs) of the decision statistics are derived and used for the derivation of the BEPs. Closed-form integral-free solutions for the BEPs are obtained.</P>

      • Exact Closed-Form Solutions for the BEP of Decode-and-Forward Cooperative Systems in Nakagami-m Fading Channels

        Kim, Young Gil,Beaulieu, Norman C. IEEE 2011 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.59 No.9

        <P>The exact average bit error probability (BEP) performance of decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative systems for binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals in Nakagami-m fading channels for integer values of m is analyzed. Two types of receivers, a λ-maximal ratio combining (λ-MRC) receiver and a piecewise linear (PL) receiver are examined. Closed-form, integral-free, expressions for the BEPs of the λ-MRC receiver and the PL receiver are obtained.</P>

      • Binary Grassmannian Weightbooks for MIMO Beamforming Systems

        Young Gil Kim,Beaulieu, Norman C IEEE 2011 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.59 No.2

        <P>Binary weightbooks for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beamforming systems using quantized feedback are designed based on the Grassmannian beamforming criterion. It is shown that the Grassmannian criterion for binary weightbook design is to maximize the minimum Hamming distance of the corresponding block code. Thus, block codes that have large minimum Hamming distance can be used for binary weightbook design for MIMO beamforming systems using quantized feedback. The optimum binary weightbooks when the number of transmit antennas has value from two to six are tabulated.</P>

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        Relay Advantage Criterion for Multihop Decode-and-Forward Relaying Systems

        Young Gil Kim,Beaulieu, Norman C. IEEE 2014 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Vol.13 No.4

        <P>We define a symbol transition matrix (STM) as a matrix whose entries are the symbol transition probabilities of a relay in a decode-and-forward (DF) relaying system. Using the STM as a state transition matrix of a discrete-time Markov chain, the source-to-destination STM is shown to be the product of intermediate STMs in multihop DF relaying systems. We show that the probability of correct decision at the destination is the trace of the source-to-destination STM divided by the modulation order. The symbol error probabilities (SEPs) of multihop DF relaying systems with any modulation scheme in any independent and nonidentically distributed (ind) channels are derived using the STM. For multihop DF relaying systems in independent and identically distributed (iid) channels, the eigenvalues of the single link STM are used to simplify the calculation of the SEP for any modulation scheme. Also, the SEP of multihop DF relaying systems with 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals in ind Rayleigh fading channels is derived using the STM. A relay advantage criterion is derived for multihop DF relaying systems in iid Nakagami-m fading channels with both the total transmitted energy and the source-to-destination distance fixed. The relay advantage criterion can be used for deciding whether putting more relays between the source and the destination increases or decreases the SEP.</P>

      • S+N Energy Selection Combining for MPSK and 16-QAM Signaling in Nakagami-m and Rician Fading Channels

        Young Gil Kim,Beaulieu, Norman C IEEE 2011 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.59 No.2

        <P>A signal-plus-noise (S+N) energy selection diversity combining (S+N-ESC) scheme for M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) in Rayleigh fading channels is mathematically analyzed. Also, the S+N-ESC scheme for MPSK and 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signaling in Nakagami-m and Rician fading channels is studied by computer simulations. The S+N-ESC selects the branch with the maximum S+N energy for detection. The advantage of the S+N-ESC scheme is that it requires no explicit channel estimation for diversity branch selection. We show that the symbol error probability (SEP) of the S+N-ESC is the same as that of classical selection combining (SC) for MPSK signaling in independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading channels. Also, we show that the SEP of a weighted S+N-ESC scheme is the same as that of classical SC for MPSK signaling in independent and nonidentically distributed (i.n.d.) Rayleigh fading channels. It is shown by computer simulations that the S+N-ESC scheme provides a smaller SEP than classical SC for MPSK signaling in nondispersive fading channels such as Nakagami-m fading channels with Nakagami parameter m >; 1 and Rician fading channels with Rician parameter K >; 0. On the other hand, the S+N-ESC scheme is shown by computer simulations to have a larger SEP than classical SC for 16-QAM signaling in Nakagami-m and Rician fading channels.</P>

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        SEP Performance Using Equivalence in Nakagami- <tex> $m$</tex> Fading Channels

        Kim, Young Gil,Beaulieu, Norman C.,Woo-Kyung Lee IEEE 2016 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.65 No.5

        <P>We show that an L-branch maximal ratio combining (MRC) receiver with an average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (gamma) over bar in Nakagami-m fading channels is equivalent to an mL-branch MRC receiver with average SNR (gamma) over barm in Rayleigh fading channels in terms of symbol error probability (SEP) when mL is an integer. Moreover, the orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC) employing M-t transmit antennas and M-r receive antennas with the average SNR (gamma) over bar in Nakagami-m fading channels is shown to be equivalent to an mM(t)M(r)-branch MRC single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) receiver with the average SNR (gamma) over bar mM(t) in Rayleigh fading channels.</P>

      • KCI등재

        Increasing Throughput in Energy-Based Opportunistic Spectrum Access Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Networks

        Yuanyuan Yao,Chang-chuan Yin,Xiaoshi Song,Norman C. Beaulieu 한국통신학회 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.3

        The performance of large-scale cognitive radio (CR) networkswith secondary users sustained by opportunistically harvestingradio-frequency (RF) energy from nearby primary transmissionsis investigated. Using an advanced RF energy harvester, asecondary user is assumed to be able to collect ambient primary RFenergy as long as it lies inside the harvesting zone of an active primarytransmitter (PT). A variable power (VP) transmission modeis proposed, and an energy-based opportunistic spectrum access(OSA) strategy is considered, under which a secondary transmitter(ST) is allowed to transmit only if its harvested energy is largerthan a predefined transmission threshold and it is outside the guardzones of all active PTs. The transmission probability of the STs isderived. The outage probabilities and the throughputs of the primaryand the secondary networks, respectively, are characterized. Compared with prior work, the throughput can be increased byas much as 29%. The energy-based OSA strategy can be generallyapplied to a non-CR setup, where distributed power beacons(PBs) are deployed to power coexisting wireless signal transmitters(WSTs) in a wireless powered sensor network.

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