Morphology and Life History of Stylonema cornu-cervi Reinsch (Goniotrichales, Rhodophyta) from Japan

Kikuchi, Norio,Shin, Jong-Ahm The Korean Society of Phycology 2005 ALGAE Vol.20 No.1

The morhology and life history of Stylonema cornu-cervi Reinsch from Japan were investigated. The species had multiseriate erect thalli from a basal cell. The thalli usually branched dichotomously, occasionally trichotomously near the base, and non-branched thalli were sometimes observed. A dichotomous branch on the upper portion near the base occurred only one time on each erect branch. Cells contained a stellate chloroplast, which was composed of a central rounded part with an obscure pyrenoid and 5-8 cup-like lobes connected to the central part by a small thin stipe. The biseriate part was observed on the six-celled stage in culture, and the grown thalli were multiseriate except for base and apices. Monospores forming from the immediate transformation of vegetative cells were observed. Thalli grew at 15-25$^{\circ}C$ and died at 10 and 30$^{\circ}C$. The fastest growth and maturation were observed under 25$^{\circ}C$ and 14L:10D. Although S. alsidii (Zanardini) Drew usually had uniseriate thalli, irregularly branched multiseriate thalli had been reported in cultures. It is possible that in the previous report the thalli were confused with S. cornu-cervi. In this report, S. cornu-cervi were distinguished from S. alsidii in that the branches were few, the multiseriate portions were observed on the early stage (six-celled stage), and the grown thalli were multiseriate except at the base and apices.

Morphology and life history of Stylonema cornu-cervi Reinsh (Goniotrichales, Rhodophyta) from Japan

Norio Kikuchi,Jong-Ahm Shin 한국조류학회I 2005 ALGAE Vol.20 No.1

The morhology and life history of Stylonema cornu-cervi Reinsch from Japan were investigated. The species had multiseriate erect thalli from a basal cell. The thalli usually branched dichotomously, occasionally trichotomously near the base, and non-branched thalli were sometimes observed. A dichotomous branch on the upper portion near the base occurred only one time on each erect branch. Cells contained a stellate chloroplast, which was composed of a central rounded part with an obscure pyrenoid and 5-8 cup-like lobes connected to the central part by a small thin stipe. The biseriate part was observed on the six-celled stage in culture, and the grown thalli were multiseriate except for base and apices. Monospores forming from the immediate transformation of vegetative cells were observed. Thalli grew at 15-25°C and died at 10 and 30°C. The fastest growth and maturation were observed under 25°C and 14L:10D. Although S. alsidii (Zanardini) Drew usually had uniseriate thalli, irregularly branched multiseriate thalli had been reported in cultures. It is possible that in the previous report the thalli were confused with S. cornu-cervi. In this report, S. cornu-cervi were distinguished from S. alsidii in that the branches were few, the multiseriate portions were observed on the early stage (six-celled stage), and the grown thalli were multiseriate except at the base and apices.

Goniotrichopsis reniformis (Kajimura) Kikuchi comb. nov. (Stylonematales, Rhodophyta) from Japan

신종암,Kikuchi, Norio,West, John A.,Kajimura, Mitsuo,Shin, Jong-Ahm 한국조류학회(藻類) 2006 ALGAE Vol.21 No.2

The morphology and life history of Stylonema reniforme Kajimura (Stylonematales, Rhodophyta) from Japan were investigated and its taxonomic placement was discussed. This species has 6-30 discoid chloroplasts devoid of a pyrenoid in each cell. This is a typical feature of the genus Goniotrichopsis. The species reproduced only by monospores, which were formed by the direct transformation of the vegetative cells similar to the type species Goniotrichopsis sublittoralis Smith. Goniotrichopsis reniformis (Kajimura) Kikuchi comb. nov. was proposed. The asexual life history of the present species was completed in 3-10 weeks at 15-20°C in culture.

Can we Detect the Acceleration of Long-term Gravitational Deformation on Steep Slopes before Catastrophic Events? ― A Case Study on Two Large-scale Rapid Landslides in Kii Peninsular, Japan ―

( Teruyuki Kikuchi ),( Norio Ooyagi ),( Teruyoshi Hatano ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

So many deep-seated and large-scale landslides of rapid type with volume larger than 10⁵ ㎥ were caused by heavy rainfall accompanied by the typhoon No. 12, 2011, and brought fatal damage in the central part of Kii peninsular, Japan. We found qualitatively such surface deformations developing on the high and steep slopes as terminal collapses, enlarging scarps, surface undulations, open-cracks, gullies etc., through field survey and “sequential-comparative air-photo analysis” using aerial photographs of five seasons from 1970 to 2012 at the two landslide sites, Akatani and Nagatonodani, of rapid and deep-seated type in the peninsular. From this study, we had an idea for site prediction of landslides that “sequential survey and analysis using airborne LiDAR(ALS)” should give quantitatively more precise prediction.

Study on Performance Improvement of an Axial Flow Hydraulic Turbine with a Collection Device

Nishi, Yasuyuki,Inagaki, Terumi,Li, Yanrong,Hirama, Sou,Kikuchi, Norio Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2016 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.9 No.1

The portable hydraulic turbine we previously developed for open channels comprises an axial flow runner with an appended collection device and a diffuser section. The output power of this hydraulic turbine was improved by catching and accelerating an open-channel water flow using the kinetic energy of the water. This study aimed to further improve the performance of the hydraulic turbine. Using numerical analysis, we examined the performances and flow fields of a single runner and a composite body consisting of the runner and collection device by varying the airfoil and number of blades. Consequently, the maximum values of input power coefficient of the Runner D composite body with two blades (which adopts the MEL031 airfoil and alters the blade angle) are equivalent to those of the composite body with two blades (MEL021 airfoil). We found that the Runner D composite body has the highest turbine efficiency and thus the largest power coefficient. Furthermore, the performance of the Runner D composite body calculated from the numerical analysis was verified experimentally in an open-channel water flow test.

Study on Foreign Body Passage in an Ultra-Small Axial Flow Hydraulic Turbine

Yasuyuki Nishi,Tomoyuki Kobori,Yutaka Kobayashi,Terumi Inagaki,Norio Kikuchi 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1

Ultra-small axial flow hydraulic turbines, which are of the size of your palm, are a type of turbine that can be applied to the low heads of existing pipelines and open channels. However, due to their compact size, they are more likely to malfunction in case of foreign body contamination. In our study, we observed the passage of foreign bodies through an ultra-small axial flow hydraulic turbine and their encounter with the blocking mechanism of the turbine. We selected polyethylene ropes of varying lengths with a wire diameter of 5 mm to serve as foreign bodies. By varying the length of the rope, we were able to visually observe the movement of the foreign body. The turbine’s blocking mechanism can be broadly classified as guide vanes or runners. In the case of runner, blocking occurs when foreign bodies are bent and are caught at the leading edge of the blade. The passage rate through the hydraulic turbine is largely dependent on the passage rate at the runner section, which decreases proportionally with the length of the foreign body and the rotational speed of the blades.

Performance Characteristics and Flow Field of Axial Flow Hydraulic Turbine in Shallow Open Channel

Yasuyuki Nishi,Genki Sato,Daishi Shiohara,Terumi Inagaki,Norio Kikuchi 한국유체기계학회 2018 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.11 No.4

We have been developing an axial flow hydraulic turbine with a collection device that can be used in open channels with shallow water depths such as agricultural waterways and small rivers. However, the addition of a collection device reduces the portability and increases the cost compared to axial flow hydraulic turbines without a collection device. Therefore, it is important to understand the performance characteristics and flow field of the axial flow hydraulic turbine in open channels while considering the possibility of using only an axial flow hydraulic turbine. This study focuses on an axial flow hydraulic turbine operating near both the free and bottom surfaces in an open channel. We conducted a multiphase flow analysis that considers the free surface, as well as a single-phase flow analysis that does not consider it. This study indicates that the maximum power coefficient obtained from multiphase flow analysis was lower than that obtained from single-phase flow analysis. This is thought to be the result of the water-receiving area and inflow velocity becoming smaller, the input power coefficient becoming lower due to the influences of the free surface, and the bottom surface of the channel and the turbine efficiency becoming lower as the result of a non-uniform velocity distribution.

Study on Performance Improvement of an Axial Flow Hydraulic Turbine with a Collection Device

Yasuyuki Nishi,Terumi Inagaki,Yanrong Li,Sou Hirama,Norio Kikuchi 한국유체기계학회 2016 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.9 No.1

The portable hydraulic turbine we previously developed for open channels comprises an axial flow runner with an appended collection device and a diffuser section. The output power of this hydraulic turbine was improved by catching and accelerating an open-channel water flow using the kinetic energy of the water. This study aimed to further improve the performance of the hydraulic turbine. Using numerical analysis, we examined the performances and flow fields of a single runner and a composite body consisting of the runner and collection device by varying the airfoil and number of blades. Consequently, the maximum values of input power coefficient of the Runner D composite body with two blades (which adopts the MEL031 airfoil and alters the blade angle) are equivalent to those of the composite body with two blades (MEL021 airfoil). We found that the Runner D composite body has the highest turbine efficiency and thus the largest power coefficient. Furthermore, the performance of the Runner D composite body calculated from the numerical analysis was verified experimentally in an open-channel water flow test.

A NEW LOOK AT AN ANCIENT ORDER: GENERIC REVISION OF THE BANGIALES (RHODOPHYTA)

Sutherland, Judith E.,Lindstrom, Sandra C.,Nelson, Wendy A.,Brodie, Juliet,Lynch, Michael D. J.,Hwang, Mi Sook,Choi, Han‐,Gu,Miyata, Masahiko,Kikuchi, Norio,Oliveira, Mariana C.,Farr, Tracy,Neef Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Journal of phycology Vol.47 No.5

<P>The red algal order Bangiales has been revised as a result of detailed regional studies and the development of expert local knowledge of Bangiales floras, followed by collaborative global analyses based on wide taxon sampling and molecular analyses. Combined analyses of the nuclear SSU rRNA gene and the plastid RUBISCO LSU (<I>rbc</I>L) gene for 157 Bangiales taxa have been conducted. Fifteen genera of Bangiales, seven filamentous and eight foliose, are recognized. This classification includes five newly described and two resurrected genera. This revision constitutes a major change in understanding relationships and evolution in this order. The genus <I>Porphyra</I> is now restricted to five described species and a number of undescribed species. Other foliose taxa previously placed in <I>Porphyra</I> are now recognized to belong to the genera <I>Boreophyllum</I> gen. nov., <I>Clymene</I> gen. nov., <I>Fuscifolium</I> gen. nov., <I>Lysithea</I> gen. nov., <I>Miuraea</I> gen. nov., <I>Pyropia</I>, and <I>Wildemania</I>. Four of the seven filamentous genera recognized in our analyses already have generic names (<I>Bangia</I>, <I>Dione</I>, <I>Minerva</I>, and <I>Pseudobangia</I>), and are all currently monotypic. The unnamed filamentous genera are clearly composed of multiple species, and few of these species have names. Further research is required: the genus to which the marine taxon <I>Bangia fuscopurpurea</I> belongs is not known, and there are also a large number of species previously described as <I>Porphyra</I> for which nuclear SSU ribosomal RNA (nrSSU) or <I>rbc</I>L sequence data should be obtained so that they can be assigned to the appropriate genus.</P>