Development of Sintered Parts for Variable Valve Timing Unit

Nishita Takashi 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Variable valve timing unit, which is able to decrease environmental load and improve fuel economy is loaded onto many automobiles recently. This unit consists mainly of sprocket, housing and rotor. These parts are requested different properties according to environment. We produce sintered parts for variable valve timing unit by selecting compact, sinter process and special treatment according to demanded properties. In this paper, demanded properties of sintered parts for variable valve timing unit and adopted technique to satisfy them are presented.

Replacing Alteplase with Tenecteplase: Is the Time Ripe?

Nishita Singh,Bijoy K. Menon,Adam A. Dmytriw,Robert W. Regenhardt,Joshua A. Hirsch,Aravind Ganesh 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.1

Thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke has predominantly been with alteplase for over a quarter of a century. In recent years, with trials showing evidence of higher rates of successful reperfusion, similar safety profile and efficacy of tenecteplase (TNK) as compared to alteplase, TNK has now emerged as another potential choice for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke. In this review, we will focus on these recent advances, aiming: (1) to provide a brief overview of thrombolysis in stroke; (2) to provide comparisons between alteplase and TNK for clinical, imaging, and safety outcomes; (3) to focus on key subgroups of interest to understand if there is an advantage of using TNK over alteplase or vice-versa, to review available evidence on role of TNK in intra-arterial thrombolysis, as bridging therapy and in mobile stroke units; and (4) to summarize what to expect in the near future from recently completed trials and propose areas for future research on this evolving topic. We present compelling data from several trials regarding the safety and efficacy of TNK in acute ischemic stroke along with completed yet unpublished trials that will help provide insight into these unanswered questions.

On pixel-based texture synthesis by non-parametric sampling

Shin, Seunghyup,Nishita, Tomoyuki,Shin, Sung Yong Elsevier 2006 Computers & graphics Vol.30 No.5

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this paper, we propose a pixel-based method for texture synthesis with non-parametric sampling. On top of the general framework of pixel-based approaches, our method has three distinguishing features: window size estimation, seed point planting, and iterative refinement. The size of a window is estimated to capture the structural components of the dominant scale embedded in the texture sample. To guide the pixel sampling process at the initial iteration, a grid of seed points are sampled from the example texture. Finally, an iterative refinement scheme is adopted to diffuse the non-stationarity artifact over the entire texture. Our objective is to enhance texture quality as much as possible with a minor sacrifice in efficiency in order to support our conjecture that the pixel-based approach would yield high quality images.</P>

Sex and Gender Differences in Stroke and Their Practical Implications in Acute Care

Johanna Ospel,Nishita Singh,Aravind Ganesh,Mayank Goyal 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.1

There are several controversies regarding the role of sex and gender in the pathophysiology and management of acute stroke. Assessing the role of sex, i.e., biological/pathophysiological factors, and gender, i.e., sociocultural factors, in isolation is often not possible since they are closely intertwined with each other. To complicate matters even more, the functional baseline status of women and men at the time of their first stroke is substantially different, whereby women have, on average, a poorer reported/ascertained baseline function compared to men. These differences in baseline variables account for a large part of the differences in post-stroke outcomes between women and men. Adjusting for these baseline differences is difficult, and in many cases, residual confounding cannot be excluded. Despite these obstacles, a better understanding of how patient sex and gender differences influence acute stroke and stroke care pathways is crucial to avoid biases and allow us to provide the best possible care for all acute stroke patients. Disregarding patient sex and gender on one hand and ignoring potential confounding factors in sex- and gender-stratified analyses on the other hand, may cause researchers to come to erroneous conclusions and physicians to provide suboptimal care. This review outlines sex- and gender-related factors in key aspects of acute stroke, including acute stroke epidemiology, diagnosis, access to care, treatment outcomes, and post-acute care. We also attempt to outline knowledge gaps, which deserve to be studied in further detail, and practical implications for physicians treating acute stroke patients in their daily practice.

Hemodynamics of Leptomeningeal Collaterals after Large Vessel Occlusion and Blood Pressure Management with Endovascular Treatment

Beom Joon Kim,Nishita Singh,Bijoy K. Menon 대한뇌졸중학회 2021 Journal of stroke Vol.23 No.3

Endovascular therapy (EVT) is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). Unlike intravenous thrombolysis, EVT enables visualization of the restoration of blood flow, also known as successful reperfusion in real time. However, until successful reperfusion is achieved, the survival of the ischemic brain is mainly dependent on blood flow from the leptomeningeal collaterals (LMC). It plays a critical role in maintaining tissue perfusion after LVO via pre-existing channels between the arborizing pial small arteries or arterioles overlying the cerebral hemispheres. In the ischemic territory where the physiologic cerebral autoregulation is impaired and the pial arteries are maximally dilated within their capacity, the direction and amount of LMC perfusion rely on the systemic perfusion, which can be estimated by measuring blood pressure (BP). After the EVT procedure, treatment focuses on mitigating the risk of hemorrhagic transformation, potentially via BP reduction. Thus, BP management may be a key component of acute care for patients with LVO stroke. However, the guidelines on BP management during and after EVT are limited, mostly due to the scarcity of high-level evidence on this issue. In this review, we aim to summarize the anatomical and physiological characteristics of LMC to maintain cerebral perfusion after acute LVO, along with a landscape summary of the literature on BP management in endovascular treatment. The objective of this review is to describe the mechanistic association between systemic BP and collateral perfusion after LVO and thus provide clinical and research perspectives on this topic.

CheckMATE 2: From the model to the limit

Dercks, Daniel,Desai, Nishita,Kim, Jong Soo,Rolbiecki, Krzysztof,Tattersall, Jamie,Weber, Torsten Elsevier 2017 Computer physics communications Vol.221 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We present the latest developments to the CheckMATE program that allows models of new physics to be easily tested against the recent LHC data. To achieve this goal, the core of CheckMATE now contains over 60 LHC analyses of which 12 are from the 13 TeV run. The main new feature is that CheckMATE 2 now integrates the Monte Carlo event generation via MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and Pythia 8. This allows users to go directly from a SLHA file or UFO model to the result of whether a model is allowed or not. In addition, the integration of the event generation leads to a significant increase in the speed of the program. Many other improvements have also been made, including the possibility to now combine signal regions to give a total likelihood for a model.</P> <P><B>Program summary</B></P> <P> <I>Program Title:</I> CheckMATE</P> <P> <I>Program Files doi:</I> http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/k4pnk5wrfm.1 </P> <P> <I>Licensing provisions:</I> GPLv3</P> <P> <I>Programming language:</I> C++, Python</P> <P> <I>External routines/libraries:</I> ROOT, Python, HepMC (optional) Pythia 8 (optional), Madgraph5_aMC@NLO (optional)</P> <P> <I>Subprograms used:</I> Delphes</P> <P> <I>Nature of problem:</I> The LHC experiments have performed a huge number of searches for new physics in the past few years. However the results can only be given for a few benchmark models out of the huge number that exist in the literature.</P> <P> <I>Solution method:</I> CheckMATE is a program that automatically calculates limits for new physics models. The original version required the user to generate Monte Carlo events themselves before CheckMATE could be run but the new version now integrates this step. The simplest output of CheckMATE is whether the model is ruled out at 95% CLs or not. However, more complicated statistical metrics are also available, including the combination of many signal regions.</P> <P> <I>Restrictions:</I> Only a subset of available experimental results have been implemented.</P> <P> <I>Additional comments:</I> </P> <P> <UL> <LI> CheckMATE is built upon the tools and hard work of many people. If CheckMATE is used in your publication it is extremely important that all of the following citations are included, <UL> <LI> Delphes 3 [1]. https://cp3.irmp.ucl.ac.be/projects/delphes </LI> <LI> FastJet [2,3]. http://fastjet.fr/ </LI> <LI> Anti- <SUB> k t </SUB> jet algorithm [4]. </LI> <LI> CL <SUB> S </SUB> prescription [5]. </LI> <LI> All experimental analyses that were used to set limits in the study and if the analysis was implemented by non- CheckMATE authors, the relevant implementation reference. </LI> <LI> MadGraph5_aMC@NLO [6] if it is used to calculate the hard matrix element from within CheckMATE. https://launchpad.net/mg5amcnlo </LI> <LI> Pythia 8.2 [7] if showering or matching is done from within CheckMATE. http://home.thep.lu.se/~torbjorn/Pythia.html </LI> <LI> The Monte Carlo event generator that was used if .hepmc or .lhe files were generated externally. </LI> <LI> In analyses that use the <SUB> m T 2 </SUB> kinematical discriminant [8,9] we use the mt2_bisect library [10]. We also include the M T 2 b ℓ and M T 2 W derivatives [11]. http://particle.physics.ucdavis.edu/hefti/projects/doku.php?id=wimpmass https://sites.google.com/a/ucdavis.edu/mass/ </LI> <LI> In analyses that use the <SUB> M C T </SUB> family of kinematical discriminants we use the MctLib library that includes the following variables, <SUB> M C T </SUB> [12], <SUB> M C T </SUB> corrected [13], <SUB> M C T </SUB> parallel and perpendicular [14]. https://mctlib.hepforge.org/ </LI> <LI> In analyses that use topness variable we use the topness library [15]. https://github.com/michaelgraesser/topness </LI> <LI> Super-Razor [16] in analyses that use this variable. </LI> </UL> </ce:para> </ce:list-item> </ce:list> </P> <P>[1] J. de Favereau et al. [DELPHES 3 Coll

A feature-based approach to facial expression cloning

Park, Bongcheol,Chung, Heejin,Nishita, Tomoyuki,Shin, Sung Yong John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2005 Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds Vol. No.

<P>In this paper, we present a feature-based approach to cloning facial expressions from an input face model to an output model, using predefined source key-models and the corresponding target key-models. Adopting a scattered data interpolation technique, our approach consists of two parts: analysis of face key-models and synthesis of facial expressions. In the analysis part carried out once at the beginning, key-models are segmented automatically into five regions, each containing one of five facial features, that is, eyes, cheeks, and the mouth, which give rise to five sets of source key-shapes and the corresponding sets of target key-shapes. Using the key-shapes of each source feature, those of the corresponding target feature are parameterized. In the synthesis part, given a sequence of face models comprising an input animation, five output features are obtained separately by blending their own target key-shapes. These separately produced features are combined to synthesize the output face model at each frame. Our feature-based approach enables cloning of diverse expressions including asymmetric ones convincingly with a small number of face key-models while exhibiting an on-line, real-time performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

고령자의 기능적 체력과 인지기능 저하와의 관련-10년간의 장기종단연구

이성철(Sungchul Lee),니시타 유키코(Yukiko Nishita),탄게 치카고(Chikako Tange),오츠카 레이(Rei Otsuka),안도 후지코(Fujiko Ando),시모카타 히로시(Hisoshi Shimokata),장명재(Myong-Jae Chang),최현민(Hyun-Min Choi) 한국생활환경학회 2016 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.23 No.5

The purpose of this study was to examine whether functional fitness predicts subsequent cognitive decline in community dwelling older adults. The subjects were 1094 (556 men and 538 women) adults aged 60 years or older who completed the baseline (2000-2002) and ten years later (2010-2012) examinations of the National Institute for Longevity Science-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) in Japan. We examined associations at baseline and over a 10-year follow-up period between seven functional fitness measures: gait speed, step length, one leg standing, reaction time, leg extension power, grip strength and knee extension strength and mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationships between functional fitness and cognitive function decline every two years. There was a significant association between the reaction time and risk of becoming decrease to 23 points of MMSE in both model Ⅰ and model Ⅱ of all waves in men and women for 10 years. Gait speed was related to decrease in the cognitive function from after six years (5th wave) in both men (OR, 0.72; CI, 0.53-0.95) and women (OR, 0.79; CI, 0.54-0.97). Leg extension power and grip strength of the physical function were associated with cognitive function decline from after six years it was found in men only. In the women case, it was showed after 10 years. Functional fitness was identified as factors that can predict the decrease in cognitive function. But it turned out that the functional fitness related to cognitive function decreases depending on the time and gender are different.

Longitudinal Changes in Physical and Cognitive Functions among Participants with and without Rheumatoid Arthritis in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Mikako Yasuoka,Chikako Tange,Yukiko Nishita,Makiko Tomida,Ryota Watanabe,Hiroshi Shimokata,Rei Otsuka,Masayo Kojima 대한노인병학회 2023 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.27 No.1

Background: This study evaluated the chronological changes in physical and cognitive functions in middle-aged and older adults with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: This population-based case-control longitudinal study included individuals aged 40–79 years at baseline who agreed to participate. We identified 42 participants with RA and randomly selected 84 ageand sex-matched controls. Physical function was assessed according to gait speed, grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass. Cognitive function was assessed based on the information, similarities, picture completion, and digit symbol substitution test scores of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Short Form. The general linear mixed models comprised the fixed effects of the intercept, case, age, time in years since baseline, and case×time interaction, which were used to examine longitudinal changes in physical and cognitive functions. Results: Regardless of RA status, grip strength decreased and the picture completion score increased in the group aged <65 years, while skeletal muscle mass index and gait speed decreased in the group aged ≥65 years. The interaction of case×follow-up years for grip strength in the group aged ≥65 years was significant (p=0.03). The decline in grip strength in the control group (slope=-0.45) was greater than that in the RA group (slope=-0.19). Conclusion: Chronological changes in physical and cognitive functions were comparable between participants with and without RA; however, the decline in grip strength in the control group was greater among older adults with RA.

지역 거주 고령자를 대상으로 신체기능과 인지기능과의 관련성 연구

이성철(Sung-Chul Lee),니시타 유키코(Yukiko Nishita),탄게 치카고(Chikako Tange),오츠카 레이(Rei Otsuka),안도 후지코(Ando Fujiko),시모카타 히로시(Hisoshi Shimokata),장명재(Myoung-Jei Chang),최현민(Hyun-Min Choi) 한국생활환경학회 2015 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.22 No.5

Cognitive decline and dementia are associated with disability and premature death in old age. We examined whether physical function predicts subsequent cognitive decline in older Japanese. There were 557 adult subjects (293 men and 264 women) aged 60 years or older who completed the baseline evaluation (2000-2002) and final evaluation 8 years later (2008-2010) of the NILS-LSA in Japan. We examined associations at the baseline and after an 8-year follow-up period between MMSE and six physical performance measures: gait speed, one leg standing with eyes closed, reaction time, leg extension power, grip strength and knee extension strength. We examined the effect of physical function on cognitive decline (at least a 3-point decline on the MMSE) by multiple logistic regression controlled for age, sex, BMI, MMSE score at baseline, smoking, self-rated health, CES-D, education, medical history and moderate to vigorous physical activity time. There was a significant association between the leg extension power (OR, 0.26; CI, 0.10-0.68) and the risk of a decrease of up to 3 points in Model 1 was adjusted for age and education. In Model II, leg extension power (OR, 0.28; CI, 0.10-0.76) was related to a decrease in the cognitive function over time and remained statistically significant after controlling for all covariates. However, the other physical functions were not statistically significant in either the limited or full adjustment models. Older Japanese with reduced leg extension power at baseline demonstrated a statistically significant decline in cognitive function over an 8-year period.