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Preparation and Characterizations of Rosin Based Thin Films and Fibers.
Nirmala, R,Woo-il, Baek,Navamathavan, R,Kim, Hak Yong,Park, Soo-Jin American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.6
<P>In this study, we report the preparation and comparison of the rosin based thin films and electrospun fibers in terms of their formation and characterizations. Rosin in the form of thin films and fibers can be obtained via wet casting method and electrospinning process, respectively. Systematic experiments were performed to study the morphology, structure and thermal properties of the rosin thin films and electrospun fibers. Finally, in order to understand the accurate mass values of rosin in the different morphologies, we performed matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) spectroscopy. The rosin thin film prepared via wet casting method exhibited very smooth surfaces whereas the electrospun fibers were continuous without any beads over long distances. The MALDI-TOF data revealed that the most intense peak in the molecular weight of rosin components is about 302 for the rosin powder, thin film and fibers. On the other hand, some of the higher molecular component can also be observed for electrospun rosin fibers owing to the structural morphology. The present study demonstrated that the full structural characterization of the molecular species present in these different forms of rosin.</P>
Electrical Properties of Ultrafine Nylon-6 Nanofibers Prepared Via Electrospinning
Nirmala, R.,Jeong, Jin-Won,Oh, Hyun-Ju,Navamathavan, R.,El-Newehy, Mohamed,Al-Deyab, Salem S.,Kim, Hak-Yong 한국섬유공학회 2011 FIBERS AND POLYMERS Vol.12 No.8
We report on the preparation and electrical characterization of nylon-6 nanofibers via electrospinning technique. During electrospinning, the polymer solution became highly ionized and emerging out of the micro-tip syringe by forming mesh-like ultrafine nanofibers structure in between the main fibers. The resultant nylon-6 nanofibers were well-oriented with uniform structure. The diameter of the ultrafine nanofibers (7 to 40 nm) is one order less than those of main fibers (100 to 200 nm). The current-voltage (I-V) measurements revealed a linear curve with an occurrence of negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior. The existence of NDR region in the nylon-6 nanofibers can be attributed to the tunneling current through the ultrafine structures. The fabrication of nanofibers, in the form of ultrafine mesh-like form, is relatively fast and inexpensive, and it paves the way to build up of new dimension for nano device applications.
Nirmala, R.,Jeon, Kyung Soo,Navamathavan, R.,Park, Mira,Kim, Hak Yong,Park, Soo-Jin 한국섬유공학회 2014 FIBERS AND POLYMERS Vol.15 No.5
In this study, we describe the preparation and characterization of electrospun Nylon66 composite nanofibers incorporated with carbon nanotubes (CNT) fillers and silver nanoparticles. We have incorporated the composites in to Nylon66 nanofibers to enhance the characteristics of the resultant composite nanofibers. The resultant composite nanofibers were characterized by using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and current-voltage (I-V) measurement analysis. The morphology of the composite nanofibers exhibited densely arranged mesh-like ultrafine nanofibers which were strongly bound in between the main fibers. From I-V characteristics, it was observed that the incorporation of CNT fillers and Ag nanoparticles in to electrospun Nylon66 composite nanofibers can be significantly enhanced the electrical properties.
The Hong Kong Early Child Development Scale-3: A Validation Study
Nirmala Rao,Stephanie W. Y. Chan,Rhoda Wang,Diana Lee,Rita Y. T. Ng,Yvonne Becher,Carrie Lau,Jin Sun,Frederick K Ho,Patrick Ip The Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Ass 2022 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.16 No.2
The Hong Kong Early Child Development Scale (HKECDS) is a tool for assessing holistic early child development in preschoolers aged from three to six years. The original version of the scale, HKECDS, was updated in 2019 (HKECDS-2) to reflect the contemporary context and local curricular expectations. Children (n = 144) from three kindergartens in Hong Kong completed the HKECDS-2 in individual sessions. Rasch model analysis and expert discussions resulted in a short version of the scale (HKECDS-3) with 50 items in nine domains. The domains are Personal and self-care (4 items), Language development (7 items), Pre-academic learning (10 items), Cognitive development (6 items), Gross motor (4 items), Fine motor (2 items), Health and safety (5 items), Moral development (6 items), and Society and environment (6 items). There were significant correlations between findings from the updated version of the tool, HKECDS-3 and the HKECDS-2 (long form), and older children had significantly higher scores than younger children.
Nirmala, R,Jang, Kwang-Hyun,Sim, Hasung,Cho, Hwanbeom,Lee, Junghwan,Yang, Nam-Geun,Lee, Seongsu,Ibberson, R M,Kakurai, K,Matsuda, M,Cheong, S-W,Gapontsev, V V,Streltsov, S V,Park, Je-Geun Institute of Physics 2017 Journal of Physics, Condensed Matter Vol.29 No.13
<P>CuAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> is a normal spinel oxide having quantum spin, <I>S</I> = 1/2 for Cu<SUP>2+</SUP>. It is a rather unique feature that the Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> ions of CuAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> sit at a tetrahedral position, not like the usual octahedral position for many oxides. At low temperatures, it exhibits all the thermodynamic evidence of a quantum spin glass. For example, the polycrystalline CuAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> shows a cusp centered at ~2 K in the low-field dc magnetization data and a clear frequency dependence in the ac magnetic susceptibility while it displays logarithmic relaxation behavior in a time dependence of the magnetization. At the same time, there is a peak at ~2.3 K in the heat capacity, which shifts towards a higher temperature with magnetic fields. On the other hand, there is no evidence of new superlattice peaks in the high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data when cooled from 40 to 0.4 K. This implies that there is no long-ranged magnetic order down to 0.4 K, thus confirming a spin glass-like ground state for CuAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. Interestingly, there is no sign of structural distortion either although Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> is a Jahn–Teller active ion. Thus, we claim that an orbital liquid state is the most likely ground state in CuAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>. Of further interest, it also exhibits a large frustration parameter, <I>f</I> = |<I>θ</I> <SUB>CW</SUB>/<I>T</I> <SUB>m</SUB>| ~ 67, one of the largest values reported for spinel oxides. Our observations suggest that CuAl<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> should be a rare example of a frustrated quantum spin glass with a good candidate for an orbital liquid state.</P>
( Nirmala Tilija Pun ),( Amit Subedi ),( Mi Jin Kim ),( Pil Hoon Park ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
Adiponectin,an adipokine predominantly produced from adipose tissue,exhibited potent anti-inflammatory properties.in particular,it inhibits production df pro-inflammatory cyto-kines,including tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),in macrophages.Autophagy,an intracellu-lar self-digestion process,has been recently shown to rengulate inflammatory responses.in the present study,we investigated the role of autophagy induction in the suppression of-Li-popolysaccharide(LPS)-induced TNF-a expression by giobular adiponectin(gAcrp)and its potential mechanisms.Herein,we found that gAcrp treatment increased espressin of genes related with autophagy,including Atg5 and microtubule-associated protein light chain(LC3B),induced autophagosome formation and autophagy flux in RAW264.7macro-phages.Similar results were observed in primary macrophages isolated peritoneum of mice.interestingly,inhibition of autophagy by pretreatment with Bafilomycin A1 or knocking down of LC3B gene restored suppression of TNF-a espression,tumor necrosis factor re-ceptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6)espression and p38MAPK phosphorylation by gAcrp.implying a critical role of autophagy induction in the debelopment of tolerance to LPS-in-duced TNF-a expression bygAcrp.Wealso found that knocking-down of FoxO3A,a fork-head box O member of transcription factor,biocked gAcrp-induced espression of LC3ll and Atg5.Moreover,gene silencing of Silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)blocked both gAcrp-induced nuclear translocation of FoxO3A and LC3ll expression.Finally,pretreatment with ROS inhibitors,prevented gAcrp-induced SIRT1 espression and further generated in-hibitory effects on gAcrp-induced autophagy,indicating role of ROS production in gAcrp-induced SIRT1 espression and subsequent autophagy induction.Taken together,these findings indicate that globular adiponectin suppresses LPS-induced TNF-a expression,at least in part,via autophagy activation,Furthermore,SIRT1-FoxO3A axis plays a crucial role in gAcro-induced autophagy in macerophages.