Recycled Fiber Quality : A Review

Nazhad, Mousa M. 한국공업화학회 2005 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.11 No.3

Recycling effect on fiber properties depends on the pulping or papennaking history. However, the effects fade away after the fifth cycle. Some recycled pulps at the worst-case scenario lose 10%~30% of its original strength after fifth - cycle, so, it is yet a valuable raw material. The cited literature suggests that the paper strength is a consequence of many different interactions. Therefore, attributing the strength loss or gain to a single factor might be oversimplification of the whole issue. However, the contemporary observations overall support the fact that the specific bond strength (SBS) plays a major role in these developments. Based on this fact, the loss in paper strength properties could be restored by increasing the surface bonding agents of the fibers.

Recycled Fiber Quality- A Review

Mousa M. Nazhad 한국공업화학회 2005 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.11 No.3

Modifications on F2MC tubes as passive tunable vibration absorbers

Shiren O. Muhammad,Nazhad A. Hussain 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.28 No.2

This paper presents new parameters for damping improvement in F2MC tubes performance as tunable vibration absorbers. They offer very good performance with environments having susceptibility to high frequency vibration noise. This study highlights the behavior of changing some parameters of F2MC tubes which never have been studied before. These parameters include thickness ratio between each two respective layers and fluid type that the tubes are filled with. In this paper the beam governing equations with the tube’s stress analyses equations are solved for finding the combined system’s response by MATLAB® software function solvers. To ensure accuracy of modifications, validations have been proposed by performing illustrative examples and comparing the results with the existing data available in literature. The results showed improvements of F2MC tubes performance 20% over previous studies achievements by studying the thickness ratio, and another 12.82% can be added by using glycerin instead of water under the same conditions. Finally, the reduction of 34.34 dB in first mode amplitude of vibration was achieved in the beam’s frequency response function plot.

Effect of three-dimensional thermal stresses on torsional vibration of cracked nanorods surrounded by an elastic medium

Abdullah, Sardar S.,Hashemi, Shahrokh H.,Hussein, Nazhad A.,Nazemnezhad, Reza Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.11 No.3

The effect of thermal stresses on the torsional vibration of non, single, and double-cracked nanorods surrounded by an elastic medium is investigated. The differential constitutive relation of the nonlocal theory is applied to the motion equation. Three-dimensional linear thermal strains raised from the thermal stresses are derived using nonlinear Green's strains. The surrounding elastic medium acts as infinite torsional springs. The crack is modeled as a rotational spring. Using Hamilton's principle, the motion equation is obtained. Effect of the crack position and severity, number of cracks, high and low temperatures, nonlocal coefficient, elastic medium stiffness, and nanorod length are examined. The temperature effect on the frequencies depends on the values of the crack parameters, crack numbers, elastic medium stiffness, and nanorod length, and it is independent of the nonlocal scale coefficient. The crack leads to a decrease in the frequencies at any temperature. The elastic medium causes an increase in the frequencies at any temperature.The effect of thermal stresses on the torsional vibration of non, single, and double-cracked nanorods surrounded by an elastic medium is investigated. The differential constitutive relation of the nonlocal theory is applied to the motion equation. Three-dimensional linear thermal strains raised from the thermal stresses are derived using nonlinear Green's strains. The surrounding elastic medium acts as infinite torsional springs. The crack is modeled as a rotational spring. Using Hamilton's principle, the motion equation is obtained. Effect of the crack position and severity, number of cracks, high and low temperatures, nonlocal coefficient, elastic medium stiffness, and nanorod length are examined. The temperature effect on the frequencies depends on the values of the crack parameters, crack numbers, elastic medium stiffness, and nanorod length, and it is independent of the nonlocal scale coefficient. The crack leads to a decrease in the frequencies at any temperature. The elastic medium causes an increase in the frequencies at any temperature.

Enhanced antibacterial profile of nanoparticle impregnated cellulose foam filter paper for drinking water filtration

Jain, Shikha,Bhanjana, Gaurav,Heydarifard, Solmaz,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Nazhad, Mousa M.,Kumar, Vanish,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kumar, Sandeep Elsevier 2018 Carbohydrate Polymers Vol.202 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Filtration is a promising water treatment method to purify drinking water. To develop highly efficient drinking water filter paper, water-resistant cellulose foam paper with a high wet strength property was fabricated using diverse metal oxide (e.g., copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and silver oxide (Ag<SUB>2</SUB>O)) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were synthesized using the hydrothermal reaction method. Their morphological structures were studied using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The presence of coated nanoparticles on the cellulose foam filter was verified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) methods. The antibacterial performance of different types of modified cellulose foam filters was studied against <I>E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis,</I> and <I>B. cereus</I> strains using the zone of inhibition test. The antibacterial profile of the cellulose foam filter impregnated with Ag<SUB>2</SUB>O nanoparticles, when tested against different types of bacteria, exhibited higher antibacterial activity than the cellulose foam filter impregnated with ZnO and CuO nanoparticles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Facile synthesis of nanoparticles using hydrothermal method. </LI> <LI> Impregnation of nanoparticles in water-resistant cellulose foam paper. </LI> <LI> Morphological, structural, and elemental characterization using SEM and EDX. </LI> <LI> Antibacterial evaluation of impregnated paper against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. </LI> <LI> Enhanced antibacterial profile of nanoparticle modified filter paper compared to unmodified paper. </LI> </UL> </P>

Modification of cellulose foam paper for use as a high-quality biocide disinfectant filter for drinking water

Heydarifard, Solmaz,Taneja, Kapila,Bhanjana, Gaurav,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Nazhad, Mousa M.,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kumar, Sandeep Elsevier 2018 Carbohydrate Polymers Vol.181 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Development of a foam-formed cellulose filter paper with high wet strength was carried out for application as a drinking water filter. The wet strength and antimicrobial activity of cellulose foam paper against several bacteria species (<I>Bacillus subtilis</I> MTCC 441 (Gram +ve), <I>B. cereus</I> NCDC 240 (Gram +ve), <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I> NCDC 105 (Gram −ve), <I>Klebsiella pneumonia</I> NCDC 138 (Gram −ve), and <I>Escherichia coli</I> MTCC 40 (Gram −ve)) were investigated. The morphology and structure of the cellulose foam paper were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of our study confirmed that glutaraldehyde solution or 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) added to cellulose foam paper pretreated with cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM) provided very high and stable wet strength performance together with excellent antimicrobial properties.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Development of novel porous cellulose foam filter paper. </LI> <LI> Improving wet strength using Glutaraldehyde and BTCA along with C-PAM. </LI> <LI> Evaluation of antibacterial activity against gram positive & negative bacteria. </LI> <LI> Morphological and structural analysis of developed paper using SEM. </LI> </UL> </P>