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Measurement of antibacterial properties of foil‑backed electrospun nanofibers
Mary Ann Wagner‑Graham,Herbert Barndt,Mark Andrew Sunderland 한국의류학회 2019 Fashion and Textiles Vol.6 No.1
Current methodologies for evaluation of antibacterial properties of traditional textiles are not applicable to foil-backed, poorly-absorbent electrospun nanofiber materials, since existing test methods require absorbent fabrics. Since electrospun nanofibers are adhered to the foil backing only by electrostatic interactions, methods used to evaluate antibacterial properties of surfaces cannot be used because these protocols cause the nanofibers to lift from the foil backing. Therefore, a novel method for measurement of the antibacterial properties of electrospun metallic foil-backed nanofiber materials was developed. This method indicated that acetate-based nanofibers manufactured to contain 5 to 30 weight percent of cold-pressed hemp seed oil or full-spectrum hemp extract inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in a dose-dependent manner, from 85.3% (SEM = 2.2) inhibition to 99.3% (SEM = 0.15) inhibition, respectively. This testing method represents an advanced manufacturing prototype procedure for assessment of antibacterial properties of novel electrospun, metallic foil-backed nanofiber materials.
Reunification of Korea : Economic Consequences from an External Point of View
Graham, Edward M. 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 2005 Asian International Studies Review Vol.6 No.2
Korean reunification remains an uncertainty. When and if it comes, the condition of the North Korea is primitive compared to the economy of South Korea. Because of massive investment needs in the North, and under plausible assumptions regarding savings rates in a unified Korea, the balance of payment of a reunified Korea is likely to deteriorate significantly in the event of reunification. Foreign direct investment could ameliorate this result, and might contribute to a more rapid catch-up of the North to the South.
Graham, Sontyana Adonijah,Dudem, Bhaskar,Mule, Anki Reddy,Patnam, Harishkumarreddy,Yu, Jae Su Elsevier 2019 Nano energy Vol.61 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Harvesting mechanical energy from daily life human activities has gained tremendous interest, along with the concept of waste to wealth which has been also a major concern from a few decades. In this regards, firstly, we fabricated microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) particles from the squandered cotton and they were further dissolved into biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to develop a triboelectric material. The resultant cellulose loaded PVA film (CPF) was employed as a positive triboelectric material to design a coin-cell type TENG, whereas the Kapton was used as a negative material. Design of such TENG using CPF can reduce the processing cost and is also significant to incorporate the waste cotton into an energy harvesting device. Besides, the effect of electrical output performance of CPF-based prototype TENG (CPF-<I>p</I>TENG) as a function of the concentration of MCC particles loaded into PVA was also systematically studied and optimized. Thus, the CPF-<I>p</I>TENG with the 2.5 wt% of cellulose added into PVA exhibited a stable and high electrical output. The electrical performance of CPF-<I>p</I>TENG was further enhanced by introducing the microarchitectures on the surface of CPF, and it exhibited comparatively very high voltage, current and power density values of ∼600 V, 50 μA and 84.5 W/m<SUP>2</SUP>, respectively. Finally, to demonstrate the practical or commercial applications, a MACPF-based coin-cell type TENG (i.e., MACPF-<I>cc</I>TENG) was developed to harvest the mechanical energies available in daily human life by placing it under the human-foot medial arch, which can be further utilized as a self-power system to drive various portable electronics.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We reported a dynamic conversion of squandered cotton into microarchitectured triboelectric films with low processing cost. </LI> <LI> Using these films, a coin-cell type TENG was fabricated, which exhibited a high and durable electrical output. </LI> <LI> Such coin-cell type TENG was placed under medial arch of human foot to harvest various human actions. </LI> <LI> Human foot medial arch was first time proposed as the perfect location for the coin-cell type TENG. </LI> <LI> It also employed as a self-powered system to drive various portable electronics. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Graham, I.,Hamada, H.,Honda, T.,Kohr, G.,Shon, K.H. Academic Press 2014 Journal of mathematical analysis and applications Vol.416 No.1
Let X be a complex Banach space with the unit ball B. The family M is a natural generalization to complex Banach spaces of the well-known Caratheodory family of functions with positive real part on the unit disc. We consider subfamilies M<SUB>g</SUB> of M depending on a univalent function g. We obtain growth theorems and coefficient bounds for holomorphic mappings in M<SUB>g</SUB>, including some sharp improvements of existing results. When g is convex, we study the family R<SUB>g</SUB> consisting of holomorphic mappings f:B→X which have the property that the mapping Df(z)(z) belongs to M<SUB>g</SUB>. Further, we consider radius problems related to the family R<SUB>g</SUB>, when X is a complex Hilbert space. In particular, if X is the Euclidean space C<SUP>n</SUP>, we obtain some quasiconformal extension results for mappings in R<SUB>g</SUB>. We also obtain some sufficient conditions for univalence and starlikeness in complex Banach spaces.