http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Temperature-Dependent Adsorption of U(VI) Onto γ-Alumina
Herath Mudiyanselage Samadhi Kaushalye Herath,Jong-Il Yun 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1
An elevated temperature is expected at the deep geological repository (DGR) due to the decay heat from spent nuclear fuel and the positive geothermal gradient. The resulting elevated temperature would change the aqueous speciation and surface complexation of uranium, which is the major component in spent nuclear fuel. Since sorption reactions of uranium species on natural minerals determine the extent of uranium retardation, in this work the temperature-dependent adsorption of hexavalent uranium, U(VI), was studied by choosing alumina as the basic component mineral for complex aluminosilicates. Time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) was used to assess the dissolved and adsorbed U(VI) species on γ-Alumina in the pH range of 6.5–9.0 at temperatures of 25 to 70°C. Initial concentrations of U(VI), carbonate and calcium were 89 μM, 25 mM, and 3.0 mM, respectively. The parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was used for chemical speciation by spectrum deconvolution. In addition, a separate solution system with higher U(VI) concentrations (0.1 mM, 1.0 mM) and carbonate concentration of 25 mM was studied with attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for adsorbed species at 25°C. The electrophoretic mobility measurements were also conducted at 25°C to assess the coordination mechanism of adsorbed species at 25°C. The uranyl hydrolysis species and uranyl tricarbonato species coexist in solution at 25°C. At the same temperature, both species were found to be adsorbed. ATR-FTIR could confirm the adsorption of uranyl tricarbonato species at 25°C, and the electrophoretic mobility measurements suggested that the reaction mechanism is an inner-sphere coordination. However, in comparison with aqueous speciation at 25°C, at elevated temperatures the available pH range of uranyl tricarbonato species was narrow and that for uranyl hydrolysis species was wider. It was evident that two hydrolysis species are adsorbed at elevated temperatures, but no tricarbonato species. The enhanced U(VI) adsorption was observed with temperatures. This could result from the transition of dominance from the concurrent adsorption of uranyl hydrolysis species and uranyl tricarbonato species to two hydrolysis species. It was seen that the trend of enthalpy of adsorption was endothermic. Combining the present results with temperature-dependent adsorption studies on silica and aluminosilicates, a reliable SCM for the subsurface system can be proposed to explain U(VI) migration.
Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Suratissa,Upaka Sanjeewa Rathnayake 국립중앙과학관 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.9 No.1
Faunal diversity and distribution in the Nasese Shore, Suva, Fiji Islands were studied AprileAugust 2014. The belt transect method was employed to study the species richness and abundance of the fauna. Opportunistic observations were performed to supplement the species richness of the selected habitat types: sandy, rocky and muddy (SRM; Habitat 1); mangrove and sandy (MNS; Habitat 2); muddy and sandy (MS; Habitat 3); and rocky and coral (RC; Habitat 4). Sampling was performed during high and low tide. Faunal density was highest in the RC substrate. The density of mud skippers was significantly higher in the MNS habitat than in the other habitats. This findings could well indicate the environmental pollution levels of this habitat. The ShanoneWeiner Index indicated that the RC habitat possesses the highest diversity, whereas the MS habitat possesses the lowest diversity. In addition, major threats to the biota existed.
Cha, Sang-Ho,Bandaranayaka-Mudiyanselage, Carey,Bandaranayaka-Mudiyanselage, Chandima B.,Ajiththos, Dharani,Yoon, Kyoung-Jin,Gibson, Kathleen A.,Yu, Ji-Eun,Cho, In-Soo,Lee, Stephen S.,Chung, Chungwon The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2018 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.58 No.1
A preliminary study into the protective mechanisms of adaptive immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in piglets (n = 9) born to a gilt challenged intranasally with a type-2 PRRSV. Immune parameters (neutralizing antibodies, $CD3^+CD4^+$, $CD3^+CD8^+$, $CD3^+CD4^+CD8^+$ T-lymphocytes, and PRRSV-specific interferon $(IFN)-{\gamma}$ secreting T-lymphocytes) were compared with infection parameters (macro- and microscopic lung lesion, and PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages ($CD172{\alpha}^+PRRSV-N^+\;PAM$) as well as with plasma and lymphoid tissue viral loads. Percentages of three T-lymphocyte phenotypes in 14-days post-birth (dpb) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) had significant negative correlations with percentages of $CD172{\alpha}^+PRRSV-N^+\;PAM$ (p < 0.05) as well as with macroscopic lung lesion (p < 0.01). Plasma and tissue viral loads had significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations with $CD3^+CD4^+CD8^+$ T-lymphocyte percentage in PBMC. Frequencies of $CD3^+CD8^+$ and $CD3^+CD4^+$ T-lymphocytes in 14-dpb PBMC had significant negative correlations with of lymph node (p = 0.04) and lung (p = 0.002) viral loads. $IFN-{\gamma}$-secreting T-lymphocytes frequency had a significant negative correlation with gross lung lesion severity (p = 0.002). However, neutralizing antibody titers had no significant negative correlation (p > 0.1) with infection parameters. The results indicate that T-lymphocytes contribute to controlling PRRSV replication in young piglets born after in-utero infection.
Novel Insights into Agar Metabolism in Marine Heterotrophic Bacteria
파티라자 무디얀셀라게 둘리브 파티라자(Pathiraja Mudiyanselage Duleepa Pathiraja ),최인걸(In-Geol Choi) 고려대학교 생명자원연구소 2022 생명자원연구 Vol.30 No.-
대형 홍조류는 해양 생태계에서 해양 종속영양세균을 위한 풍부한 서식지를 제공하며, 한천은 대형 홍조류를 이루는 주요 구조적 다당류이다. 한천을 단일 탄소원으로 사용할 수 있는 해양 한천분해세균은 개방된 연안 해역에서 해양 초식 동물의 내장에 이르기까지 다양한 해양 환경에 분포한다. 한천분해세균에서의 한천의 해중합은 탄수화물 활성 효소(CAZymes)의 조합을 통해 이루어 진다. 한천분해세균의 유전체 구조에 대한 다양한 연구에서 이러한 탄수화물 활성 효소를 암호화하고 있는 유전자가 다당류 이용유전자좌(PUL)를 이루고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 한천 가수분해 효소(agarases)는 다음과 같이 분류되어질 수 있다. β-한천분해효소(GH16, GH50, GH86 및 GH118), α-한천분해효소(GH96), 네오아가로바이오스 가수분해효소(GH117) 및 한천분해 β-갈락토시데이스(GH2). 서로 다른 GH 계열에 속한 한천 가수분해효소들은 분자수준 기능, 구조 요소 및 촉매 메커니즘에 있어 고유한 특성을 나타낸다. 한천의 주요 성분 중 하나인 L-AHG는 희귀한 단당류이며, 그 대사 경로는 해양 한천분해세균에서만 발견되어 있다. 한천분해 시스템에 대한 최근의 연구들은 해양 종속영양세균이 가진 한천분해 경로의 보편적인 한천분해 효소 레퍼토리와 이의 진화를 보여주는 서열분석 데이터에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 또한, 올리고당의 수송 메커니즘과 PUL 유전자의 전사 조절을 이해하는 데에도 점점 더 많은 관심이 기울어지고 있다. 이 리뷰에서 우리는 한천 분해와 관련된 해양 종속영양세균의 유전체 구조에서부터 한천 분해의 대사 과정, 한천 가수분해 효소의 구조 및 기능 분석까지의 포괄적인 개요를 다룰 것이다. Agar is a key structural polysaccharide of red macroalgae which provides a rich habitat for marine heterotrophic bacteria in marine ecosystems. Marine agarolytic bacteria, that can use agar as the sole carbon source, are distributed in diverse marine environments from open coastal waters to the gut of marine herbivores. Agarolytic bacteria employ a combination of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) for the depolymerization of agar. Extensive studies on the genomic architecture of the agarolytic bacteria suggested that genes encoding these CAZymes are arranged in polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL). Agar hydrolyzing enzymes (agarases) are categorized into; β-agarase (GH16, GH50, GH86, and GH118), α-agarase (GH96), neoagarooligosaccharide hydrolase (GH117), and agarolytic β-galactosidase (GH2). The molecular functionality, structural elements, and catalytic mechanisms of agarases belonging to different GH families show unique characteristics. L-AHG, one of the main constituents in agar, is a rare monosaccharide and its metabolic pathway is exclusively found in marine agarolytic bacteria. Recent trends in the agarolytic systems are mostly focused on the sequence data to visualize the universal agarolytic enzyme repertoire and the evolution of the agarolytic pathway in marine heterotrophic bacteria. In addition, increasing attention is paid to understanding the oligosaccharide transport mechanisms and transcriptional regulation of genes in PUL. In this review, we will cover a comprehensive overview of genomic architecture, structural and functional analysis of agar hydrolyzing enzymes, and agar metabolism in marine heterotrophic bacteria.
Evolution of 3D weaving and 3D woven fabric structures
Yasith Sanura Perera,Rajapaksha Mudiyanselage Himal Widooshaka Muwanwella,Philip Roshan Fernando,Sandun Keerthichandra Fernando,Thantirige Sanath Siroshana Jayawardana 한국의류학회 2021 Fashion and Textiles Vol.8 No.1
3D fabric preforms are used as reinforcements in composite applications. 3D woven preforms have a huge demand in ballistic applications, aircraft industry, automobiles and structural reinforcements. A variety of 3D woven fabric reinforced composites and two dimensional woven fabric reinforced laminates can be found in the literature. However, the majority of the said products lack in delamination resistance and possess poor out-of-plane mechanical characteristics, due to the absence or insufficiency of through-thickness reinforcement. 3D fully interlaced preform weaving introduces a method of producing fully interlaced 3D woven fabric structures with throughthickness reinforcement, which enhances the delamination resistance as well as out-of-plane mechanical characteristics. 3D woven fabric preforms made from 3D fully interlaced preform weaving, using high-performance fiber yarns such as Dyneema, Carbon, Kevlar and Zylon, have exceptional mechanical properties with light-weight characteristics, which make them suitable candidates for high-end technical composite applications. In this work, a brief introduction is given to the history of weaving followed by an introduction to 3D woven fabrics. In the existing literature, an emphasis is given to the 3D fully interlaced preform weaving process, distinguishing it from other 3D woven fabric manufacturing methods. Subsequently, a comprehensive review is made on the existing literature on 3D fully interlaced preform weaving devices, such as primary and secondary mechanisms as well as modelling of 3D woven fabric structures produced by 3D fully interlaced preform weaving. Finally, the authors attempted to discuss the existing research gaps with potential directions for future research.
Kim, Do Heui,Mudiyanselage, Kumudu,Szanyi, Já,nos,Hanson, Jonathan C.,Peden, Charles H. F. American Chemical Society 2014 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.118 No.8
<P>Based on the combined FTIR and XRD studies, we report here that H<SUB>2</SUB>O induces a morphological change of KNO<SUB>3</SUB> species formed on model K<SUB>2</SUB>O/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> NOx storage-reduction catalysts. Specifically as evidenced by FTIR, the contact of H<SUB>2</SUB>O with NO<SUB>2</SUB> preadsorbed on K<SUB>2</SUB>O/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> promotes the transformation from bidentate (surface-like) KNO<SUB>3</SUB> species to ionic (bulk-like) ones irrespective of K loadings. Once H<SUB>2</SUB>O is removed from the sample, a reversible transformation into bidentate KNO<SUB>3</SUB> is observed, demonstrating a significant dependence of H<SUB>2</SUB>O on such morphological change. TR-XRD results show the formation of two different types of bulk KNO<SUB>3</SUB> phases (orthorhomobic and rhombohedral) in an as-impregnated sample. Once H<SUB>2</SUB>O begins to desorb above 400 K, the former is transformed into the latter, resulting in the existence of rhombohedral KNO<SUB>3</SUB> phase only. On the basis of consistent FTIR and TR-XRD results, we propose a model for the morphological changes of KNO<SUB>3</SUB> species with respect to NO<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption/desorption, H<SUB>2</SUB>O and/or heat treatments. Compared with the BaO/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> system, K<SUB>2</SUB>O/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> shows some similarities with respect to the formation of bulk nitrates upon H<SUB>2</SUB>O contact. However, there are significant differences that originate from the lower melting temperature of KNO<SUB>3</SUB> relative to Ba(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2014/jpccck.2014.118.issue-8/jp410816r/production/images/medium/jp-2013-10816r_0008.gif'></P>
Kohji Yamaki,Herath Mudiyanselage Theja Herath,Yuko Takano-Ishikawa 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Journal of medicinal food Vol.6 No.4
Certain naturally occurring flavonoids affect immunoregulatory activities in vitroand in vivoagainst cytokineproduction. Since tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a is one of the major inflammatory cytokines, the effects of various dietaryflavonoids on TNF-a production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated J774.1 cells were evaluated in vitro. Flavones,flavonols, and chalcone are the most potent inhibitors of production of TNF-a. Flavanone, naringenin, anthocyanidin, pelargo-din, and cyanidin exhibit moderate inhibitory activity. In contrast, genistein isoflavone displays weak inhibition, while eri-odictyol flavanone is inactive. It is clear that the double bond between carbons 2 and 3 and the ketone group at position 4 offlavonoids are necessary for potent inhibitory effect. The difference in inhibitory action appears to depend on the categorizedsubclass of flavonoids.