http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Reactive Oxygen Species in TNF${\alpha}$-Induced Signaling and Cell Death
Morgan, Michael J.,Liu, Zheng-gang Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.1
TNF${\alpha}$ is a pleotropic cytokine that initiates many downstream signaling pathways, including NF-${\kappa}$B activation, MAP kinase activation and the induction of both apoptosis and necrosis. TNF${\alpha}$ has shown to lead to reactive oxygen species generation through activation of NADPH oxidase, through mitochondrial pathways, or other enzymes. As discussed, ROS play a role in potentiation or inhibition of many of these signaling pathways. We particularly discuss the role of sustained JNK activation potentiated by ROS, which generally is supportive of apoptosis and "necrotic cell death" through various mechanisms, while ROS could have inhibitory or stimulatory roles in NF-${\kappa}$B signaling.
Binding Inhibition Assay Using Fiber-Optic Based Biosensor for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens
Morgan, Mark T.,Kim, Gi Young,Ess, Daniel,Kothapalli, Aparna,Hahm, Byoung Kwon,Bhunia, Arun Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Key Engineering Materials Vol.321 No.-
<P>Frequent outbreaks of foodborne illness have been increasing the need for simple, rapid and sensitive methods to detect foodborne pathogens. Conventional methods for pathogen detection and identification are labor-intensive and take days to complete. Some immunological rapid assays are developed, but these assays still require prolonged enrichment steps. Biosensors have shown great potential for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. Among the biosensors, fiber-optic methods have much potential because they can be very sensitive and simple to operate. Fiber-optic biosensors typically use a light transmittable, tapered fiber to send excitation laser light to the detection surface and receive emitted fluorescent light. The fluorescent light excited by an evanescent wave generated by the laser is quantitatively related to fluorophor-labeled biomolecules immobilized on the fiber surface. A portable and automated fiber-optic biosensor, RAPTOR (Research International, Monroe, WA), was used to detect Salmonella enteritidis in food samples. A binding inhibition assay based on the biosensor was developed to detect the bacteria in hot dog samples. The biosensor and the binding inhibition assay could detect 104 cfu/ml of bacteria in less than 10 min of assay time.</P>
Morgan Chabanon,Hervé Duval,Jérôme Grenier,Claire Beauchesne,Benoit Goyeau,Bertrand David 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2019 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.16 No.3
BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering represents a promising approach for the production of bone substitutes. The use of perfusion bioreactors for the culture of bone-forming cells on a three-dimensional porous scaffold resolves mass transport limitations and provides mechanical stimuli. Despite the recent and important development of bioreactors for tissue engineering, the underlying mechanisms leading to the production of bone substitutes remain poorly understood. METHODS: In order to study cell proliferation in a perfusion bioreactor, we propose a simplified experimental set-up using an impermeable scaffold model made of 2 mm diameter glass beads on which mechanosensitive cells, NIH-3T3 fibroblasts are cultured for up to 3 weeks under 10 mL/min culture medium flow. A methodology combining histological procedure, image analysis and analytical calculations allows the description and quantification of cell proliferation and tissue production in relation to the mean wall shear stress within the bioreactor. RESULTS: Results show a massive expansion of the cell phase after 3 weeks in bioreactor compared to static control. A scenario of cell proliferation within the three-dimensional bioreactor porosity over the 3 weeks of culture is proposed pointing out the essential role of the contact points between adjacent beads. Calculations indicate that the mean wall shear stress experienced by the cells changes with culture time, from about 50 mPa at the beginning of the experiment to about 100 mPa after 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: We anticipate that our results will help the development and calibration of predictive models, which rely on estimates and morphological description of cell proliferation under shear stress.
Roles of RIPK3 in necroptosis, cell signaling, and disease
Morgan Michael J.,Kim You-Sun 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3, or RIP3) is an essential protein in the “programmed” and “regulated” cell death pathway called necroptosis. Necroptosis is activated by the death receptor ligands and pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system, and the findings of many reports have suggested that necroptosis is highly significant in health and human disease. This significance is largely because necroptosis is distinguished from other modes of cell death, especially apoptosis, in that it is highly proinflammatory given that cell membrane integrity is lost, triggering the activation of the immune system and inflammation. Here, we discuss the roles of RIPK3 in cell signaling, along with its role in necroptosis and various pathways that trigger RIPK3 activation and cell death. Lastly, we consider pathological situations in which RIPK3/necroptosis may play a role.
Rethinking the Basis of Security in and for Korea
Morgan, Patrick M. 경희대학교 아태지역연구원 1996 아태연구 Vol.3 No.-
I am greatly honored to have been invited to contribute to this special issue of Asia-Pacific Studies. Since the invitation arrived relatively close to the deadline, I have offered what amounts to an extended essay rather than a research paper, drawing on a recent study of mine on US-North Korean relations^1) and on a study in progress on the future of deterrence in and around the Korean prninsula.
Morgan, Michael J,Kim, You-Sun,Liu, Zheng-gang Williams Wilkins 2009 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.183 No.5
<P>The serine-threonine kinase RIP1 was originally identified through its ability to bind to the death domain of Fas (CD95). RIP1 has been shown to be recruited to the Fas death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and is required for the induction of necrotic cell death. In this study, we show that in Jurkat T lymphocytes, RIP1 is also necessary for the most efficient activation of downstream caspases by Fas when treated with membrane-bound Fas ligand, but not with agonistic Abs or cross-linked soluble Fas ligand. RIP1 participates in the Fas-associated death domain protein-mediated recruitment of caspase-8 to the Fas receptor complex in a manner that promotes caspase-8 activation. Cross-linking Abs, such as CH11, bypass the requirement for RIP1 in caspase activation by initiating larger, though less efficient, DISC complexes, while membrane-bound Fas ligand initiates a smaller but more efficient DISC that functions, in part, by effectively incorporating more RIP1 into the complex. Consequently, RIP1 is likely a more integral part of physiological signaling through the Fas/CD95 receptor complex than previously recognized; at least when the signal is mediated by full-length membrane-bound FasL. Cross-linked soluble FasL, which also occurs physiologically, behaves similarly to the CH11 Ab, and may therefore be more likely to initiate nonapoptotic Fas signaling due to less RIP1 in the receptor complex. Thus, agonists that bind the same Fas receptor initiate mechanistically distinct pathways resulting in differential cytotoxicity.</P>
Morgan, John J. 강남대학교 부설 한국사회복지연구소 2001 한국사회복지 Vol.5 No.-
Grief is an individual and natural response to a loss, and every person will integrate the death into their life, in their own way. Approximately one-third of bereaved individuals will have enough social support from family, friends and the community at large so that no additional help will be sought. Approximately one-third will require and seek aid from mutual help organizations; others need the support of grief counselling, that is, facilitation with "uncomplicated, or normal, grief to a healthy compoleting of the tasks of grieving within a reasonable time frame," and a small minoity require grief therapy "those specialized techniques ... what are used to help people with abnormal or complicate reactions."
Concurrency Conflicts Resolution for IoT Using Blockchain Technology
Morgan, Amr,Tammam, Ashraf,Wahdan, Abdel-Moneim International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.7
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing physical network that depends on objects, vehicles, sensors, and smart devices. IoT has recently become an important research topic as it autonomously acquires, integrates, communicates, and shares data directly across each other. The centralized architecture of IoT makes it complex to concurrently access control them and presents a new set of technological limitations when trying to manage them globally. This paper proposes a new decentralized access control architecture to manage IoT devices using blockchain, that proposes a solution to concurrency management problems and enhances resource locking to reduce the transaction conflict and avoids deadlock problems. In addition, the proposed algorithm improves performance using a fully distributed access control system for IoT based on blockchain technology. Finally, a performance comparison is provided between the proposed solution and the existing access management solutions in IoT. Deadlock detection is evaluated with the latency of requesting in order to examine various configurations of our solution for increasing scalability. The main goal of the proposed solution is concurrency problem avoidance in decentralized access control management for IoT devices.