鑛物共生의 槪念에 對한 問題點과 鑛脈鑛床의 macrostructure

Moon Young Kim(金炆,榮),Takeshi Nakamura(中村威) 대한자원환경지질학회 1986 자원환경지질 Vol.19 No.5

Concepts on mineral association, mineral paragenesis, and mineralization stage relating to macrostructures of vein filling in ore veins are briefly discussed. As an example of plutonic ore vein, macrostructures of vein filling of plutonic tungsten-tin-copper vein at the Ohtani mine, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, one of representatives of plutonic tungsten-tin vein related genetically to acidic magmatism of late Cretaceous in the Inner zone of Southwest Japan, are examined. Based on macrostructures of vein filling, three major mineralization stages, are distinguished by major tectonic breaks. Sequence of mineralization, characteristic features of each mineralization stage, and variations of filling temperature and salinity ranges of fluid inclusions in minerals from stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅲ are summarized.

統營鑛山産 閃亞鉛石의 化學組成

Moon Young Kim(金炆,榮),Hong Ja Shin(申虹子) 대한자원환경지질학회 1989 자원환경지질 Vol.22 No.2

The Tongyoung deposits are epithermal gold and silver bearing quartz-rhodochrosite vein type deposits of late Cretaceous. They occurs in the andesite and tuff breccia member called Gyeongsang basin. Four mineralizations can be distinguished at the mine based on macrostructures. From earlist stage to lastest stage they are: stage I, base-metal quartz vein; stage II, rhodochrosite vein (IIA) and Pb-Zn vein (IIB); stage III, barren quartz vein; stage IV, calcite-ankeritic rhodochrosite veins. Gold and silver mineralizations occur predominantly in the stage I and IIB. Electrum is closely associated with galena, sphalerite and pyrite, and has chemical compositions of 50.98-64.05 atom % Ag. Sphalerite contains 2.09-5.05 mol % FeS and 0.34-2.01 mol % MnS in the stage I, and 2.01-3.41 mol % FeS and 0.21-2.80 mol % MnS in the stage IIB. The FeS and MnS contents are in general correlated, and shows a characteristic zonal arrangement of electrum. It reveals rhat FeS contents of sphalerite which precipitated before electrum, gradually decreases in a grain during its deposition ranging from about 3.3 to 2 mol %. It may be considered from the above data that an increase of fs₂ caused by the oxidation of ore forming fluid is more important that the decrease of temperature.

常隱鑛山의 Au-Ag 鑛脈의 鑛物 共生 및 化學組成

Moon Young Kim(金炆,榮),Hong Ja Shin(申虹子),Jong Hwan Kim(金鍾煥) 대한자원환경지질학회 1991 자원환경지질 Vol.24 No.4

The Sangeun ore deposit is located in a volcanic belt within the Gyeongsang Basin in south western Korea. The ore deposit is of representative epithermal Au-Ag quartz vein type developed in lapilli tuff. This paper presents the mineralization with special emphasis on mineral zoning of the deposits. Principal points are summarized as follows: (1) Four stages of mineralization are recognized based on macrostructures. From ealier to later they are stage Ⅰ(arsenopyrite-pyrite-quartz), stage Ⅱ(Au-Ag bearing Pb-Zn-quartz), stage Ⅲ(barren quartz), and stage Ⅳ(dickite-quartz). (2) Electrum principally occurs with arsenopyrite and galena in stage Ⅱ, and has chemical compositions of 72.9-67.1 Ag atom %, and has Ag/Au ratio of 2.69-2.04. (3) Sphalerite varies in its FeS content according to the mineralization stages; 22.03-18.60 mole % FeS and 1.33-0.23 mole % MnS in stage IB, 16.11-8.64 mole % FeS and 1.33-0.23 mole % MnS in stage Ⅱ. (4) Alteration zones of mineral assemblage, from the vein to the wall-rock, consist of sericite-quartz-pyrite, sericite-quartz-dickite, sericite-chlorite plagioclase respectively.

日本 大谷鑛山産 pyrrhotite의 性質

Moon Young Kim(金炆,榮),Nakamura Takeshi(中村威) 대한자원환경지질학회 1986 자원환경지질 Vol.19 No.1

The ore deposit of the Ohtani mine is one of representatives of plutonic tungsten-tin veins related genetically to acidic magmatism of Late Cretaceous in the Inner zone of Southwest Japan. Based on macrostructures of vein filling, three major mineralization stages are distinguished by major tectonic breaks. The constituents of ore minerals are scheelite, cassiterite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, with small amounts of cubanite, stannite, galena, native bismuth, bismuthinite, arsenopyrite and pyrite. The relationship between the polymorphic variations of pyrrhotite and the kinds of the associated characteristic of ore mineral, in relation with hypogene mineralization, has been demonstrated. Pyrrhotite of stage Ⅰ is predominantly of the hexagonal phase (Hpo>Mpo). Pyrrhotite of stage Ⅱ is mainly of the monoclinic phase (Hpo≤Mpo). Pyrrhotite of stage Ⅲ is a single monoclinic phase (Hpo≪Mpo). The compositions of the hexagonal pyrrhotite decrease in Fe content ranging from 47.44 atom % Fe in stage Ⅰ to 46.88 atom % Fe in stage Ⅲ.

甘浦地域 Ca-몬모릴로나이트의 鑛物學的 및 熱的特性

Hi Soo Moon(文熙壽),Jae Yeong Ahn(安載榮),Sun Kyung Choi(崔善卿),Moon Young Kim(金炆,榮),디. 제이. 모간(D. J. Morgan) 대한자원환경지질학회 1989 자원환경지질 Vol.22 No.3

Eight under 2 micron size fractions of the montmorillonite from Jugjeonri area, Gyeongsanbug-do, were studied and then this result has been compared with data from Yongdongri area. Montmorillonites occurring at the same stratigraphic horizon in each area show limited variation in chemical composition, but shows some degree of differences in exchangeable cation compositions and total layer charges of montmorillonites from Jugjeonri to Yongdongri area. In general, samples from Jugjeonri show higher amount of exchangeable Na and layer charge due to relatively higher substitution of Mg for Al in octahedral sites than those from Yongdongri area. But Their dehydroxylation endothermic peaks of the samples from both areas are abnormal type with a small range of variation of peak temperature. This variation seems to reflect tetrahedral substitution of AI for Si for samples from Yongdongri whereas samples from Jugjeonri do not show shuch a tendency. However, samples from Jugjeonri proved to be relatively higher dehydroxylation peak temperatures than those of the other. DSC data for sample from Jugjeonri also show that divalent-cation saturated montmorillonite have relatively a higher endothermic heat capacities than monovalent-cation saturated one as shown in previous work. Two different morphologies of montmorillonites, honeycomb structure and closely packed intergrowth, by SEM were observed in samples from both areas but the later one is common. The scalloped type is relatively abundant in the sample from Yongdongri than the other. The dominant habit by TEM are irregularly shaped foliated aggregates and platy shaped particles. In general, foliated aggregates which are easy to disperse are relatively abundant in the samples from Jugjeon compared with those from Yongdongri area.

Thermal and mineralogical characterization of Ca-montmorillonite from Gampo area

Hi soo Moon(文熙壽),Sun Kyung Choi(崔善卿),Moon Young Kim(金炆,榮) 대한자원환경지질학회 1988 자원환경지질 Vol.21 No.2

甘浦地域의 용동리에서 龍洞里凝灰岩내에 배태되는 Ca-몬모릴로나이트들은 비록 同一層準에서 産出되나 制限的이지만 化學組成의 差異가 나타난다. 이들의 열적특성은 “비정상型”으로 나타나며, 탈수와 관계된 흡열반응피크의 溫度는 사면체내의 Si를 치환한 Al의 양적비에 따라 약간 변화된다. 이러한 사실은 제한적인 화학조성의 변화는 열적특성에 큰 영향을 미치지 못함을 지시한다. 시차주사열량 측정결과 2가의 양이온으로 치환된 시료의 경우 1가의 양이온으로 치환된 시료보다 흡열용량이 증가되는 경향을 보이므로 시료내의 우세한 양이온의 종류를 예상할 수 있으며, 전기음성도가 큰 이온일수록 더 많은 물분자를 取함을 알 수 있다. Ten under 2 micron size fractions of the montmorillonite from Yongdongri area, Gyeongsangbug-Do were studied using X-ray powder diffraction, cation exchange measurement, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal scanning calorimetry and chemical analysis. Montmorillonites occurring at same deposit show limited variation in chemical composition whereas in thermal properties they do not. Their dehydroxylation endothermic peaks are “abnormal” type with a small range of variation of peak temperature reflecting tetrahedral substitution of Al for Si. Data from DSC show that divalent-cation saturated montmorillonite has relatively a higher endothermic heat capacity than monovalent-cation saturated montmorillonite, indicating that cations with higher electronegativity hold more water molecules.

Cretaceous epithermal Au-Ag mineralization in the Muju-Yeongam district (Sulcheon mineralized area), republic of Korea

Chil sup So(蘇七燮),Seong taek Yun(尹聖澤),Sang hoon Choi(崔尙勳),Se hyun Kim(金世鉉),Moon young Kim(金炆,榮) 대한자원환경지질학회 1992 자원환경지질 Vol.25 No.2

雪川지역 광화대내 月城 및 三倉광산의 淺熱水性 金-銀 脈狀 광화작용은 선캠브리아기 片麻岩類와 白堊紀(102 Ma) 班狀 화강암 내에 발달하는 단층열극을 충진ㆍ배태한다. 광화작용은 구조적으로 크게 2회에 걸쳐 진행되었으며, 그 시기는 후기 白堊紀(90.5 Ma)이다. 流體包有物 및 광물학적 연구에 의하면, 광화 Ⅰ기 중 석영-황화광물-에렉트럼-휘은석의 침전은 약 400~700 m의 淺深에서 0.2~6.6wt. % NaCl 相當鹽濃度의 유체로부터 초기 약 340℃로부터 후기 약 140℃에 이르는 비교적 넓은 온도 범위에서 진행되었다. 流體-流體 혼합에 대한 통계학적 모델 평가에 의하면, 深部源 열수 유체와 淺部 순환 天水 사이의 혼합비는 광화작용의 진행과 더불어 점차 감소하였음을 지시한다. 금-은 광물의 침전은 순환 천수의 혼입에 따른 광화유체의 냉각 작용에 기인, 230°±40℃의 좁은 온도 범위에서 진행되었다. 산소 및 수소 安定同位元素 분석연구에 의하면, 광화 유체는 일차적으로 순환 천수로부터 기원하였고, 그 동위원소 조성은 동위원소적으로 진화하지 않은 순환천수의 값에 매우 근접하였음을 나타낸다. Late Cretaceous (90.5 Ma), epithermal gold-silver vein mineralization of the Weolseong and Samchang mines in the Sulcheon area, 60 km southeast of Taejeon, can be separated into two distinct stages (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) during which fault-related fissures in Precambrian gneiss and Cretaceous (102 Ma) porphyritic granite were filled. Fluid inclusion and mineralogical data suggest that quartz-sulfide-electrum-argentite-forming stage Ⅰ evolved from initial high temperatures (○ 340℃) to later lower temperatures (○ 140℃) at shallow depths of about 400 to 700 m. Ore fluid salinities were in the range between 0.2 and 6.6 wt. % eq. NaCl. A simple statistic model for fluid-fluid mixing indicates that the mixing ratio (the volumetric ratio between deep hydrothermal fluids and meteoric water) systematically decreased with time. Gold-silver deposition occurred at temperatures of 230±40℃ mainly as a result of progressive cooling of ore-forming fluids through mixing with less-evolved meteoric waters. Measured and calculated hydrogen and oxygen isotope values of hydrothermal fluids indicate meteoric water dominance, approaching unexchanged meteoric water values. The geologic, mineralogic, and geochemical data from the Weolseong and Samchang mines are similar to those from other Korean epithermal gold-silver vein deposits.