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AC Breakdown Voltage and Viscosity of Palm Fatty Acid Ester (PFAE) Oil-based Nanofluids
Mohd Safwan Mohamad,Hidayat Zainuddin,Sharin Ab Ghani,Imran Sutan Chairul 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.6
Mineral oils are commonly used as transformer insulation oils but these oils are obtained from non-renewable and non-sustainable sources, which is highly undesirable. For this reason, natural ester oils are now being used in replacement of mineral oils because of their good biodegradability, high cooling stability, good oxidation stability and excellent insulation performance. Nanotechnology has gained prominence in both academic and industrial fields over the years and it has been shown in previous studies that nanoscale materials are useful for transformers due to their favourable dielectric properties. The objective of this study is to compare the AC breakdown voltage and viscosity of natural ester oil with three types of nanofluids. The natural ester oil-based nanofluids are prepared by mixing palm fatty acid ester (PFAE) oil with three types of nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.01 g/l: (1) Fe₃O₄ conductive nanoparticles, (2) TiO₂ semi-conductive nanoparticles and (3) Al₂O₃ insulating nanoparticles. The AC breakdown voltage of the oil samples is analysed using Weibull statistical analysis and the results reveal that the PFAE oil-based Fe₃O₄ nanofluid gives exceptional dielectric performance compared to other oil samples, whereby the AC breakdown voltage increases by 43%. It can be concluded that the PFAE oil-based Fe₃O₄ nanofluid is a promising dielectric liquid to substitute mineral oils.
AC Breakdown Voltage and Viscosity of Palm Fatty Acid Ester (PFAE) Oil-based Nanofluids
Mohamad, Mohd Safwan,Zainuddin, Hidayat,Ab Ghani, Sharin,Chairul, Imran Sutan The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.6
Mineral oils are commonly used as transformer insulation oils but these oils are obtained from non-renewable and non-sustainable sources, which is highly undesirable. For this reason, natural ester oils are now being used in replacement of mineral oils because of their good biodegradability, high cooling stability, good oxidation stability and excellent insulation performance. Nanotechnology has gained prominence in both academic and industrial fields over the years and it has been shown in previous studies that nanoscale materials are useful for transformers due to their favourable dielectric properties. The objective of this study is to compare the AC breakdown voltage and viscosity of natural ester oil with three types of nanofluids. The natural ester oil-based nanofluids are prepared by mixing palm fatty acid ester (PFAE) oil with three types of nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.01 g/l: (1) $Fe_3O_4$ conductive nanoparticles, (2) $TiO_2$ semi-conductive nanoparticles and (3) $Al_2O_3$ insulating nanoparticles. The AC breakdown voltage of the oil samples is analysed using Weibull statistical analysis and the results reveal that the PFAE oil-based $Fe_3O_4$ nanofluid gives exceptional dielectric performance compared to other oil samples, whereby the AC breakdown voltage increases by 43%. It can be concluded that the PFAE oil-based $Fe_3O_4$ nanofluid is a promising dielectric liquid to substitute mineral oils.