The Incidence and Mortality of Liver Cancer and its Relationship with Development in Asia

Mohammadian, Maryam,Soroush, Ali,Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah,Towhidi, Farhad,Hadadian, Fatemeh,Salehiniya, Hamid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Liver cancer (LC) is the sixth world most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death. Due to the importance and necessity of awareness about the incidence and mortality of diseases to perform prevention programs, this study focused on data for LC and its relationship with the human development index (HDI) and its components in Asia in 2012. Materials and Methods: This ecological study was based on GLOBOCAN data for Asian countries. We assessed correlations between standardized incidence rates (SIR) and standardized mortality rates (SMR) of LC with HDI and its components using of SPSS18. Results: A total of 582,420 incident cases and 557,097 deaths were recorded in Asian countries in 2012. The five with the highest SIR were Mongolia, Lao PDR, Vietnam, Republic of Korea and Thailand and those with the highest SMR were Mongolia, Lao PDR, Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand. A negative relation was observed between HDI and LC for SIR of 0.049 (P=0.748) and for SMR of 0.07 (P=0.645), with life expectancy at birth a positive relation for SIR of 0.061 (P=0.687) and a negative relation for SMR of 0.079 (P=0.603), with the average years of education a negative relation fo SIR of 0.476 (p=0.952) and for SMR of 0.032 (P=0.832), and with the country income level per person a negative relation for SMI of 0.11 (p=0.465) and for SMR of 0.113 (P=0.455). Conclusions: The incidence of LC is more in less developed and developing countries but statistically significant correlations were not found between standardized incidence and mortality rates of LC, and HDI and its dimensions.

Combined Treatment with Stattic and Docetaxel Alters the Bax/Bcl-2 Gene Expression Ratio in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Mohammadian, Jamal,Sabzichi, Mehdi,Molavi, Ommoleila,Shanehbandi, Dariush,Samadi, Nasser Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.11

Docetaxel, recognized as a stabilizing microtubule agent, is frequently administrated as a first line treatment for prostate cancers. Due to high side effects of monotherapy, however, combinations with novel adjuvants have emerged as an alternative strategy in cancer therapy protocols. Here, we investigated the combined effects of stattic and docetaxel on the DU145 prostate cancer cell line. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. To understand molecular mechanisms of stattic action, apoptotic related genes including Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Survivin and Bax were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. Alteration in the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 genes and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were investigated via the $2^{{\Delta}{\Delta}CT}$ method. The $IC_{50}$ values for docetaxel and stattic were $3.7{\pm}0.9nM$ and $4.6{\pm}0.8{\mu}M$, respectively. Evaluation of key gene expression levels revealed a noticeable decrease in antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 along with an increase in pro-apoptotic Bax mRNA levels (p<0.05). Our results suggest that combination of a STAT3 inhibitor with doctaxel can be considered as a potent strategy for induction of apoptosis via increasing Bax mRNA expression.

Upregulation of Mir-34a in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells by a PLGA-PEG-PLGA Chrysin Nano Formulation

Mohammadian, Farideh,Abhari, Alireza,Dariushnejad, Hassan,Zarghami, Faraz,Nikanfar, Alireza,Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi, Yones,Zarghami, Nosratollah Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18

Background: Nano-therapy has the potential to revolutionize cancer therapy. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid, was recently recognized as having important biological roles in chemical defenses and nitrogen fixation, with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects but the poor water solubility of flavonoids limitstheir bioavailability and biomedical applications. Objective: Chrysin loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA was assessed for improvement of solubility, drug tolerance and adverse effects and accumulation in a gastric cancer cell line (AGS). Materials and Methods: Chrysin loaded PLGA-PEG copolymers were prepared using the double emulsion method (W/O/W). The morphology and size distributions of the prepared PLGA-PEG nanospheres were investigated by 1H NMR, FT-IR and SEM. The in vitro cytotoxicity of pure and nano-chrysin was tested by MTT assay and miR-34a was measured by real-time PCR. Results: 1H NMR, FT-IR and SEM confirmed the PLGA-PEG structure and chrysin loaded on nanoparticles. The MTT results for different concentrations of chrysin at different times for the treatment of AGS cell line showed IC50 values of 68.2, 56.2 and $42.3{\mu}M$ and 58.2, 44.2, $36.8{\mu}M$ after 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment, respectively for chrysin itslef and chrysin-loaded nanoparticles. The results of real time PCR showed that expression of miR-34a was upregulated to a greater extent via nano chrysin rather than free chrysin. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates chrysin loaded PLGA-PEG promises a natural and efficient system for anticancer drug delivery to fight gastric cancer.

Non-Pharmacological Treatments of Psoriasis in Persian Medicine a Narrative Review

Farshad Mohammadian Rasanan,Hoorieh Mohammadi Kenari,Mohammadreza Ghassemi,Ali Jabbari Sabbagh,Jale Aliasl,Ali Ghobadi 대한약침학회 2022 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.25 No.1

Psoriasis is a chronic disease that has no definitive cure. In this review study, the main sources of Persian Medicine (PM) such as the Canon of Medicine (by Avicenna) and AlHavi (by Rhazes) were assessed to identify non-pharmacological treatments for psoriasis. Several treatments that are recommended for this disease include nutritional advice, lifestyle modifications, and manipulation therapy such as wet cupping (Hijamah), leech therapy, and phlebotomy (Fasd). These recommendations may help to prevent recurrence and be useful in improving psoriasis. The efficacy of PM recommendations to improve psoriasis should be evaluated in future studies.

Incidence and Mortality of Bladder Cancer and their Relationship with Development in Asia

Pakzad, Reza,Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah,Mohammadian, Mahdi,Pakzad, Iraj,Safiri, Saeid,Khazaei, Salman,Salehiniya, Hamid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16

Background: Over the past decade, bladder cancer was associated with a significant increase. Given the importance of the impact of socioeconomic status on the distribution of cancer incidence and mortality, and the need to information on these parameters for prevention planning, the aim of this study was to evaluate data for bladder cancer and their relationship with human development index (HDI) and its components in Asia in 2012. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted based on data from the world data of cancer and the World Bank (including the HDI and its components). The incidence and mortality rates were drawn for Asian countries. To analyze data, correlation tests between incidence and death rates, and HDI and its components were employed with a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS software. Results: A total incidence of 696,231 cases (68.7% in males and 31.3% in females, sex ratio of 2.19:1) and 524,465 deaths (67.0% in men and 32.9% in women, sex ratio was 2.03:1) were recorded in Asian countries in 2012. Correlation between HDI and standardized incidence rate was 0.241 overall (p=0.106), 0.236 in men (p=0.114) and -0.250 in women (p=0.094). Also between HDI and standardized mortality rate 0.025 (p=0.871) in men 0.118 (p=0.903) and in women 0.014 (p=0.927). Conclusions: Bladder cancer incidence is higher in developed countries, but the rate is declining, and in less developed and developing countries it is growing. There was no statistically significant correlation between the standardized incidence rate of bladder cancer and the HDI and its dimensions in Asia, except for the level of education.

Non-iterative pulse tail extrapolation algorithms for correcting nuclear pulse pile-up

Mohammad-Reza Mohammadian-Behbahani 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.12

Radiation detection systems working at high count rates suffer from the overlapping of their output electric pulses, known as pulse pile-up phenomenon, resulting in spectrum distortion and degradation of the energy resolution. Pulse tail extrapolation is a pile-up correction method which tries to restore the shifted baseline of a piled-up pulse by extrapolating the overlapped part of its preceding pulse. This needs a mathematical model which is almost always nonlinear, fitted usually by a nonlinear least squares (NLS) technique. NLS is an iterative, potentially time-consuming method. The main idea of the present study is to replace the NLS technique by an integration-based non-iterative method (NIM) for pulse tail extrapolation by an exponential model. The idea of linear extrapolation, as another non-iterative method, is also investigated. Analysis of experimental data of a NaI(Tl) radiation detector shows that the proposed non-iterative method is able to provide a corrected spectrum quite similar with the NLS method, with a dramatically reduced computation time and complexity of the algorithm. The linear extrapolation approach suffers from a poor energy resolution and throughput rate in comparison with NIM and NLS techniques, but provides the shortest computation time.

Investigation of direct extrusion channel effects on twist extrusion using experimental and finite element analysis

Nouri, Mehran,Mohammadian Semnani, Hamidreza,Emadoddin, Esmaeil,Seop Kim, Hyoung Elsevier 2018 MEASUREMENT -LONDON- Vol.127 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Twist extrusion (TE) is a relatively new severe plastic deformation technique in which radial deformation is heterogeneously distributed in the sample. In this research, in order to achieve favorable properties, a direct extrusion (DE) channel was embedded after the twist zone at the bottom of the TE die. The plastic deformation behavior of aluminum alloy 6063 (AA6063) was investigated in the TE process, with and without the DE channel. AA6063 successfully underwent TE under the conditions designed using the finite element analysis. According to the simulation results, a very heterogeneous distribution of the equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ) was observed in TE, while the TE+DE simulation exhibited more homogeneous PEEQ in the central and lateral regions. Microstructural evolution analysis using scanning electron microscope and Vickers microhardness evaluations showed that utilizing the DE channel increased the hardness and provided a more homogenous microstructure. Moreover, tensile testing results indicated an increase in strength and enhanced mechanical properties of the TE+DE processed AA6063.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Innovative twist extrusion was achieved by embedding a direct extrusion channel after the twist zone. </LI> <LI> Finite element analysis showed that the direct extrusion channel decreased sample deformation heterogeneity. </LI> <LI> All data indicated that absence of sufficient back pressure led to distortion and elongation of samples. </LI> <LI> The best microstructure was achieved by combining twist extrusion and direct extrusion channel. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Incidence and Mortality of Colorectal Cancer and Relationships with the Human Development Index across the World

Rafiemanesh, Hosein,Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah,Ghoncheh, Mahshid,Sepehri, Zahra,Shamlou, Reza,Salehiniya, Hamid,Towhidi, Farhad,Makhsosi, Behnam Reza Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5

Background: This study aimed to investigate the standardized incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer and its relationship with the human development index (HDI) across the world in 2012. Materials and Methods: This ecologic study was conducted for assessment of the correlation between age-specific incidence rate (ASIR) and age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) with HDI and its components. Data for SIR and SMR for every country for the year 2012 were obtained from the global cancer project. We used a bivariate method for assessment of the correlation between SIR and SMR and HDI. Statistical significance was assumed at P<0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 22.0, SPSS Inc.). Results: Countries with the highest SIR of colorectal cancer in the world in 2012, were Republic of Korea, Slovakia, Hungary and countries with the highest SMR were Hungary, Croatia and Slovakia. The correlation between SIR of colorectal cancer and the HDI was 0.712 ($P{\leq}0.001$), with life expectancy at birth 0.513 ($P{\leq}0.001$), with mean years of schooling 0.641 ($P{\leq}0.001$) and with level of income per each person of the population 0.514 (P=0.013). In addition, the correlation between SMR of colorectal cancer and the HDI was 0.628 ($P{\leq}0.001$), with life expectancy at birth 0.469 ($P{\leq}0.001$), with mean years of schooling 0.592 ($P{\leq}0.001$) and with level of income per each person of the population 0.378 (P=0.013). Conclusions: The highest SIR and SMR of colorectal cancer was in the WHO Europe region. There was a positive correlation between HDI and SIR and SMR of colorectal cancer.

Folate-Targeted Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) Enhance (Letrozol) Efficacy in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Sabzichi, Mehdi,Mohammadian, Jamal,Khosroushahi, Ahmad Yari,Bazzaz, Roya,Hamishehkar, Hamed Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.12

Objective: Targeted-drug-delivery based lipid nanoparticles has emerged as a new and effective approach in cancer chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the ability of folate-modified nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to enhance letrozol (LTZ) efficacy in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: New formulations were evaluated regarding to particle size and scanning electron microscope (SEM) features. Anti-proliferative effects of LTZ loaded nanoparticles were examined by MTT assay. To understand molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and cell cycle progression, flow cytometric assays were applied. Results: Optimum size of nanoparticles was obtained in mean average of $98{\pm}7nm$ with a poly dispersity index (PDI) of 0.165. The IC50 value was achieved for LTZ was $2.2{\pm}0.2{\mu}M$. Folate-NLC-LTZ increased the percentage of apoptotic cells from 24.6% to 42.2% compared LTZ alone (p<0.05). Furthermore, LTZ loaded folate targeted NLCs caused marked accumulation of cells in the subG1 phase. Conclusion: Taken together, our results concluded that folate targeted LTZ can be considered as potential delivery system which may overcome limitations of clinical application of LTZ and improve drug efficacy in tumor tissue.

Viewpoints of Family Caregivers about Posttraumatic Growth in Cancer Patients

Tahory, Hale,Mohammadian, Robab,Rahmani, Azad,Seyedrasooli, Alehe,Lackdezajy, Sima,Heidarzadeh, Mehdi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.2

Background: There is little information about the objectivity of posttraumatic growth experienced by cancer patients. So, the aim of present study was to investigate the viewpoints of family caregivers regarding posttraumatic growth in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in one referral medical center in East Azerbaijan Province in northwest of Iran. 120 primary family caregivers of cancer patients participated with a convenience sampling method. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and Perception about Prognosis Scale (PPS) were applied for data collection with analysis performed using SPSS statistical software. Results: Family caregivers believed that their patients had a good prognosis (score 3.95 from 5). The total score of PTGI was 60.7 (SD=18.8) that indicates a moderate level of growth as reported by family caregivers. Conclusions: Family caregivers of cancer patients have incorrect viewpoints about the prognosis of their patients and reported moderate levels of growth. These findings showed that posttraumatic growth among cancer patients is an objective phenomenon.