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Lee, Hyun-Taek,Kim, Ho-Jin,Kim, Chung-Soo,Gomi, Kenji,Taya, Minoru,Nomura, Shû,hei,Ahn, Sung-Hoon Elsevier 2017 Acta Biomaterialia: structure-property-function re Vol.57 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biological materials are the result of years of evolution and possess a number of efficient features and structures. Researchers have investigated the possibility of designing biomedical structures that take advantage of these structural features. Insect shells, such as beetle shells, are among the most promising types of biological material for biomimetic development. However, due to their intricate geometries and small sizes, it is challenging to measure the mechanical properties of these microscale structures. In this study, we developed an in-situ testing platform for site-specific experiments in a focused ion beam (FIB) system. Multi-axis nano-manipulators and a micro-force sensor were utilized in the testing platform to allow better results in the sample preparation and data acquisition. The entire test protocol, consisting of locating sample, ion beam milling and micro-mechanical bending tests, can be carried out without sample transfer or reattachment. We used our newly devised test platform to evaluate the micromechanical properties and structural features of each separated layer of the beetle horn shell. The Young’s modulus of both the exocuticle and endocuticle layers was measured. We carried out a bending test to characterize the layers mechanically. The exocuticle layer bent in a brick-like manner, while the endocuticle layer exhibited a crack blunting effect.</P> <P><B>Statement of Significance</B></P> <P>This paper proposed an in-situ manipulation/test method in focused ion beam for characterizing micromechanical properties of beetle horn shell. The challenge in precise and accurate fabrication for the samples with complex geometry was overcome by using nano-manipulators having multi-degree of freedom and a micro-gripper. With the aid of this specially designed test platform, bending tests were carried out on cantilever-shaped samples prepared by focused ion beam milling. Structural differences between exocuticle and endocuticle layers of beetle horn shell were explored and the results provided insight into the structural advantages of each biocomposite structure.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
A Review on Fabrication Processes for Electrochromic Devices
박성익,추원식,안성훈,전영준,김세헌,김형섭,김수연,천두만,이선영,Minoru Taya 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.3 No.4
Electrochromism is a phenomenon involving change of colors under an externally applied voltages Because its importance is rising today, various fabrication processes have been used to manufacture electrochromic devices (ECDs). In this review, solution-, vapor-, and solid particle-based processes are introduced and compared in terms of process parameters. The seven representative fabrication processes discussed in this paper are electrodeposition, sol-gel, spray pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), thermal evaporation deposition, sputtering, and nanoparticle deposition systems (NPDS). Temperature and vacuum conditions for each process are compared. Electrodeposition and sol-gel processes can be performed under atmospheric pressure. Most sputtering and NPDS processes are conducted at room temperature. Although many fabrication processes are reviewed here, commercialization, environmental issues, cost, improvement of performance, and enhancement of product size will be studied for future ECDs.
Park, Sung-Ik,Kim, Sooyeun,Choi, Jung-Oh,Song, Ji-Hyeon,Taya, Minoru,Ahn, Sung-Hoon Elsevier 2015 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.589 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report the deposition of tungsten oxide (WO<SUB>3</SUB>) thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates by using a room-temperature deposition system based on low-vacuum air-spray for the fabrication of inorganic electrochromic windows. The structure of the WO<SUB>3</SUB> films was characterized using X-ray diffraction, and the surface morphology and film thickness were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The color of the prepared WO<SUB>3</SUB> films changed from slight yellow to dark blue under applied voltages, demonstrating electrochromism. The WO<SUB>3</SUB> film coated FTO glass exhibited a large electrochromic contrast of up to 50% at a wavelength of 800nm. The electrochemical properties of the films were examined using cyclic voltammetry and chronocoulometry.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> WO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films were fabricated using an air-spray based deposition system at room temperature under low-vacuum conditions. </LI> <LI> Dry WO<SUB>3</SUB> particles were directly deposited on FTO and ITO glasses by using a low-cost deposition system. </LI> <LI> The FTO glass based WO<SUB>3</SUB> film showed the optical contrast of 50% at a wavelength of 800nm. </LI> </UL> </P>