Synthesis of PdP Nanoparticles as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in an Alkaline Medium

Ming Zhao,Ming Zhao,Bin Tong,Zinan Kang,Yanfang Wu,Wei Ding,Baoming Feng 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.5

The synthesis of PdP nanoparticles (NPs) using triphenylphosphine as a phosphorus precursor was investigated. The electrocatalytic performance of PdP NPs in hydrogen evolution reaction in an alkaline medium was measured. It can be concluded that when the current density is 10 mA cm -2, the overpotential produced by Pd3P0.95 NPs is 75mV which is 185mV lower than that produced by commercial Pd/C. The mass activity of Pd3P0.95 NPs is more than twice as high as that of commercial Pd/C. The work indicates that PdP nanomaterials could be a potential catalyst for water splitting.

The Identity of Baba Peranakan in the Straits Settlements

( Ding Choo Ming ) 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소 2014 東南亞硏究 Vol.24 No.2

Interaksi intim antara peranakan baba dengan kebudayaan Melayu berakhirkan tidak sahaja pengadunan, pencampuran dan penyesuaian unsur kebudayaan, tetapi juga penciptaan konfigurasi kebudayaan yang unik kepada peranakan baba.. Perkembangan itu telah membuat sarjana bingung mencari istilah yang boleh memberi pengertian yang tepat tentang perkembangan yang berlaku itu. Proses pengadunan itu bukan sahaja melibatkan artifak budaya secara fizikal, tetapi juga kontak budaya yang menyebabkan transfromasi itu. Antara ciri yang menonjol dalam kalangan peranakan baba yang berjaya, terutamanya yang kaya raya, ialah meniru gaya hidup orang putih. Imej tipikal mereka adalah suka memakai kot barat, bercakap bahasa Inggeris, mempunyai kereta yang berpandu, bermain kriket, menjadi ahli kelab, minum arak, berdansa dan berpesta. Namun, inti pati kebudayaan peranakan baba adalah identiti baru yang tidak dijumpai pada orang dan dalam kebudayaan Cina totok kerana proses pengadunan dan penyesuaian secara kreatif.

Legislative Perfection of the Application of Law System for Foreign-Related Products Liability in China

( Ding Li Ming ) 한남대학교 과학기술법연구소 2009 과학기술법연구 Vol.14 No.2

During the process of the development of global economy, the contacts between countries in the area of international trade becoming more and more frequent. In the meantime, the number of issues on products liability between nations rises sharply as well. In order to protect the rights of consumers, close attention has been paid to the problems on products liability in all the countries. However, the regulations on products liability are very different because of the different legal systems they belong to, and there diversified background of politics and economy. These differences lead to conflict of laws among the nations inevitability. In order to solve these problems, many countries have established their choice of law rules for products liability. In China, There are no special choice of law rules on foreign? related products liability in “Product Quality Law”, stipulations concerning products liability can be traced to article 146 of the General principles of the Civil Law of the People`s Republic of China: “The law of the place where an infringing act is committed shall apply in handling compensation claims for any damage caused by the act”. Comparing with the legislation on Products liability in developed countries, these regulations are obviously over simple and lack of manipuility. It is time to make some improvement. According to the current law, the prevailing method for resolving products liability conflicts in China was to apply the law of the country in which the injury occurred (the lex loci delicti rule), without regarding to the content of that law. In this article, the author did some research and analyzed the deficiencies of the application of law system on products liability legislation in China by comparing with the similar provisions of some other countries and the Hague Convention. At the present time, the shortcomings of the relative laws in China are: a. Legislative structure is unreasonable and can not meet the real needs. b. The existing careless conflict rules and the undistributed legal norms make judicial practice into certain difficulties. c. The conflict rules are not scientific, rational and adaptative. Suggestions on how to resolve these problems are also provided in this paper. The author recommend that law?makers in China should borrow ideas from foreign legislations and international conventions, absorb valuable experiences from them, and research how to make them work significantly in China`s specific circumstance. China should apply the doctrine of partition to regulate the rule of conflict. The author proposed a draft clause aiming at the choice of law rule on the international products liability in China that is to divide an international products liability case into “liability” and “damages”. Different rules of conflict should be applied to different parts.

N-doped porous carbons with increased yield and hierarchical pore structures for supercapacitors derived from an N-containing phenyl-riched copolymer

Ding-Ming Xue,Shi-Chao Qi,Xin Liu,Yu-Xia Li,Xiao-Qin Liu,Lin-Bing Sun 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.80 No.-

N-doped porous carbon-based materials (NPCMs) with hierarchical pore structures have beenconsidered to be a suitable alternative to meet the ever-increasing demands for supercapacitors;however, the universally low yield of the NPCMs has restricted their practical applications. Herein, aseries of NPCMs with hierarchical pore structures are synthesized with significantly increased yieldsthrough the carbonization of the copolymer made from 2,4,6-tris(chloromethyl)mesitylene and pphenylenediamine. The development of the hierarchical pore structures and the N content of the NPCMsshow opposite dependences on the increasing carbonization temperature. The NPCM exhibits the bestcapacitive ability only if the sufficiently developed hierarchical structures and moderate N content areachieved simultaneously. Therefore, NPCM-600 that is carbonized at 600 C with an excellent yield of53.6% (wt.), large specific surface area of 1778 m2 g 1, and N content of 4.13% (wt.) yields an ideal specificcapacitance of 298 F g 1 at the current density of 1 A g 1 and a perfect cycling stability of the capacitanceafter 10,000 cycles at 10 A g 1. The yield of the NPCM-600 is considerably higher than those for manyother recently reported NPCMs. NPCM-600 also shows better capacitance than those of the otherreported NPCMs, such as NOPC-bis-CN-3 (167 F g 1) and CHCPB-K-600 (260 F g 1).

Japanese Occupation And Malayan Literary Works

Ding Choo Ming 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소 2006 東南亞硏究 Vol.16 No.1

Japanese Occupation And Malayan Literary Works Ding Choo Ming (The National University of Malaysia) This is a preliminary observation of some of the impacts of the Japanese Occupation in Malayan literature, based on the poems, short stories and novels available at the time writing this paper. It begins with the warm wel¬come from the Malays, but great fears from the Chinese to the Japanese Occupation force.. The Malays saw the arrival of Japanese army to fight the British as the first step towards freedom and independence. During the Japanese Occupation, literary activity almost came to a halt, except some poems, short stories in the Malay language published Japanese owned newspapers and magazines which act as Japanese propaganda and some underground publications from Mahua writers. Only after the war, there was a spurt of writings in Malay, Chinese and English languages retelling the true colors of Japanese wartime brutality and atrocities. Now, the unpleasant memories of Japanese occupation can be recalled from the literary works, photographs, records and reports, left behind, reluctantly or willingly. Though these accounts of suffering and hardships are no different from other war situations, it is not only interesting to know what is its impact on the literary development then and later on, but also more importantly to understand the lesson that this event holds for the Malays, Chinese and Indians in a multiracial community. One important point is that writers, in their different capacities, did help in promoting patriotism and fanning anti-Japanese occupation. More importantly, the Japanese military victory over the British armed forces play an important role as a catalyst in ending Western colonial rule in post-war Southeast Asia and other changes in the Malayan literary works.

The Study on Legislative Protection of Traditional Knowledge on Ethnic Medicine in China

DING Li-ming 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2015 동북아법연구 Vol.9 No.2

“전통적 부족”이 그 스스로의 발전과 진화에 따라 형성하게 된 노하우, 기법 또는 기술 등을 총칭하여 전통지식이라 한다. 이러한 전통지식을 어떠한 방법과 어떠한 정도로 법률적, 특히 지적재산권(“IP”)적 차원에서 보호할 것인지 세계적인 이슈가 되고 있다. 주지하는 바와 같이 중국은 세계 최대의 개발도상국으로써 많은 전통자원 을 보유하고 있는데, 근자 중국 특유의 전통지식보호를 위하여 전통지식의 특징과 현상에 관하여 더욱 철저히 조사, 유의미한 보호정책의 마련이 시급하다는 목소리가 커져가고 있다. 민족의학과 관련한 전통지식은 기본적으로 의료 처방 및 약재 배합의 형태를 가지 고 있으며, 민족 이론, 포제 기법, 의료 및 의약 처방, 민간 처방 및 치료 기술을 포함 하는 것으로 이해된다. 이러한 전통지식은 소수민족의 독창적 창조의 성과에 해당하 는 것이므로 마땅히 보호되어야 할 것이며, 그러한 보호의 방향은 관련한 경제적 가 치 평가와 이를 통한 IP 수혜라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 관점에서는 민족의학에 관한 중국의 입법적 노력은 소수민족 그룹의 소중한 문화 및 과학 유산을 보호하고 개발하는 데 필수적일 뿐더러 체계적인 법제의 실행을 통하여 전통 민족의학의 발전 및 보건복지의 개선에도 매우 긍정적으로 작용될 것으로 판단된다. 나아가 소수민족 지역사회 구성원들이 전통지식과 관련하여 정당한 IP 수혜를 받게 된다면, 소수민족 지역사회는 더욱 빠른 속도로 경제⋅사회적 발전을 이룰 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 중국은 현재까지 전통의학에 관한 법적 보호에 있어서 총론적으로는 적지 않은 성과를 얻었다고 할 수 있으나, 개별적 각론에 있어서 특히 전통 민족의학 보호에 있어서는 여전히 개선될 부분이 상당한 것으로 사료된다. 또한 개별적⋅구체적 규정 의 불비로, 기존의 법률 규정이 최신 과학기술의 발전 속도와 부합되지 않는 상황이 발생하고 있는데, 이러한 측면을 개선코자 추가적인 입법적 조치로 나아간다면 중국전통 민족의학에 대한 보호는 세계적 흐름에 부합할 수 있을 것으로 예측된다. Traditional knowledge refers to the sum of know-how, techniques and skills that “traditional tribes” have created along with their development and evolution. How to protect traditional knowledge through legislation, especially how to bring it under intellectual property(“IP”) protection, is an issue of global concern. As the world’s largest developing economy, China is home to a large amount of traditional resources. Hence, it is necessary for China to make a thorough research on the characteristics and manifestations of traditional knowledge, as well as policies conducive to its protection, so as to gradually explore China-specific way of protecting traditional knowledge. Traditional knowledge associated with ethnic medicine takes the form of medical formula and compatibility of medicines, and covers ethnic medicine theory, medicine processing method, medical and medicinal formula, folk recipe and treatment technology. As the result of ingenious creation of minorities, it is of enormous economic value and carries immeasurable IP benefits. Therefore, the legislative efforts to protect traditional ethnic medicine is instrumental in carrying forward, protecting and exploiting precious cultural and scientific heritages of all minorities groups. Once enabling legislation is in place, traditional ethnic medicine will flourish and play a bigger role in improving public health-care. Moreover, ethnic communities would witness quickened social and economic progress if they were assured of the IP benefits deriving from their traditional knowledge. Though China has made some achievements in the legislative effort to protect traditional medicine, there is still much to be improved, especially when it comes to traditional ethnic medicine protection. For the lack of specific rules, the current rules are too obsolete to keep pace with the latest developing trend. So China is expected to make more efforts to protect traditional ethnic medicine and its related intellectual property, so that the traditional ethnic medicine in China would keep pace with the times and the international practice.

Migration and the Spread of Pantun in Malay Archipelago

Ding Choo Ming 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소 2012 東南亞硏究 Vol.21 No.3

Migration has a very long history in Malay Archipelago. It is not just about movement, but also about the inter-connectedness of place of origin and place of destination. This interconnectivity can also be seen as threads, chains,anchors and umbilical links. In this paper we look at migration and spread of pantun in Malay Archipelago from a historical perspective. So far, there has been no study on the implications of continuous population movement on this. But, it is this connectivity that accounts not only for the prolonged Malay cultural contact and civilization, but also the open-mind of the Malays, and thus helped to bolster the pluralist or mixed pantun that we see now. In this paper, the movement of local people is linked to their direct and indirect contribution to the spread of Malay, Javanese, Minangkabau, Banjarese and other pantuns. Historically, the vast bodies of water, including the Malacca Straits, Java Seas, Sunda Straits and Lombok Straits, are not merely water spaces rich in fish, but also highways and sea-lanes where the peoples moved from one island to the other, but also local pantun came into contact with that from beyond. In other words, seas and rivers in the region had played an equally important role in the history of Malay civilization as the Ganges and Huangho in the early civilization of India and China. They are the lifelines of the people. It is the openness that derived from the connectivity had made Malays able to deal with pantun from Indonesia, Singapore,Brunei and elsewhere in peaceful and meaningful ways. It is also this connectivity that accounts for the wide array of pantun cultures that have a distinctive regional lineage or DNA. In other words, it is the mobility of people within the region also that helps to spread and make it more widely distributed,popular and now ever lasting. As the mobility of people has increased because of colonialism, capitalist labor market and political reasons in the 19th century, we see multidimensional and multivariate nature of population movement in the region,whether they are voluntary or involuntary, short distance, long distance, short-term or long-term. Retrospectically, Malay Peninsular had “open door policy” for all the wiling immigrants as she had a huge demand for labor to help to accelerate the opening up and development of the country. As it is, the past was indeed the golden age of pantun development in the Malay Archipelago which is heterodox, plural and diverse in nature.

Construction and analysis of Sip1Aa insecticidal protein random recombination library

Ding Yue-ming,Wang Jing,Wang Lin,Gao Ji-Guo,Liu Rong-Mei,Li Hai-Tao 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.2

The Sip1Aa protein from Bacillus thuringiensis is highly toxic to Colaphellus bowringi Baly. In order to obtain mutant proteins with higher insecticidal activity, a random recombinant library of Sip1Aa protein was con structed using error-prone PCR. A total number of 100 positive transformants were randomly selected for sequence determination, and 25 mutants (M1 to M25) were selected and expressed the respective Sip1Aa mu tants. These Sip1Aa variants had a total of 29 base mutations, with an average of 1.2 base mutations per mutant. Compared with that of the wild-type Sip1Aa protein, the insecticidal activity of the mutants M1 (A31G, Y118C, D227E), M5 (K168R) and M21 (I307T) was significantly decreased, with and LC 50 values 4 to 6 times higher than the Sip1Aa protein. The mutant M8 (R174S) showed increase in the insecticidal activity against the Colaphellus bowringi Baly was obtained, with an LC 50 value 4-fold less than the Sip1Aa protein. The results of this study provide reference for the molecular modification of Sip1Aa protein and the study of key sites of its insecticidal activity.

Moderating effects of product type on fulfilment and customer satisfaction: An empirical study of e-commerce in China

Ming Ding,Susumu Harada 한국유통학회 2023 한국유통학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2023 No.4

MODERATING EFFECTS OF PRODUCT TYPE ON FULFILLMENT AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF E-COMMERCE IN CHINA

Ming Ding,Susumu Harada 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07