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Erdosteine, doxofylline에 의한 중증 다약제 과민반응 1예
( Min Gyu Kang ),( Joo Young Kim ),( Da Eun Park ),( Eun Jin Shim ),( Yoon Jung Kim ),( Min Seok Yang ),( Min Hye Kim ),( Woo Jung Song ),( Jae Woo Jung ),( Tae Whan Kim ),( So Hee Lee ),( Sae Hoon Ki 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1
DRESS (Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) 증후군은 약제 투여 2주-8주 경에 호발하는 지연성 약물 과민반응로,carbamazepine, allopurinol 또는 항생제 등이 흔한 원인으로 알려져 있다. 다약제 알레르기(multiple drug allergy)는 화학적, 구적으로 연관이 없는 두 가지 이상의 약제에 동시에 과민반응을 보이는 임상상을 지칭하는데, 현재까지 문헌에는 주로 항생제, 항경련제, 또는 NSAIDs 등이 보고된 바 있다. Erdosteine과 doxofylline은 호흡기질환에서 흔하게 사용되는 비교적 안전한 약제로, 아직 중증 약물 과민반응 발생보고는 없다. 저자들은 이들 두 약제에 의한 중증 다약제 과민반응 증례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 38세 여자 환자doxofylline, erdosteine, codein 등을 복용한지 4시간 만에 발생한 전신의 피부발진 및 얼굴 부종을 주소로 응급실을 내원하였다. 피부 발진 등 증상은 투여 물 중단및 prednisolone 20 mg 10일 치료 후 호전되었다. 과거력상 1년 전 타 병원에서 DRESS 증후군으로 치료받은 병력이 있었는데, 당시 식증상 악화로 doxofylline, erdosteine, levofloxacin 등을 4주 가량 복용하였고, 이후 피부 발진, 얼굴 부종, 간수치 상승, 말초 혈액호산구증의 소견 발생하여 DRESS 증후군 진단 하에 2달간 입원 및 스테로이드 치료 받은 병력이 있었다. 두 번의 과민반응 발생에 공통적으로 찰된 doxofylline, erdosteine 가운데 원인 약물이 있을 가능성을 의심하여 이들 두 약제로 첩포 검사를 시행하였고, 그 결과 erdosteine및doxofylline 모두 양성 소견을 보였다. 이에 원인 약제 감별을 위한 추가 검사로 lymphocyte transformation test (LTT)를 환자 및 조군에 대해시행하였다. LTT 결과, 정상 대조군과 달리, 환자 혈액 림프구는 erdosteine 및 doxofylline 두 약제 모두에 stimulation index >3 상의 양성반응을 나타내었다. 이에, 본 증례는 erdosteine 및 doxofylline 두 약제에 의해 발생한 중증 다약제 과민반응으로 진단하였다. 결적으로, doxofylline 및 erdosteine 두 약제가 중증 약물 과민반응의 원인이 될 수 있음을 숙지하여야 하며, 원인 약물 감별을 위해 LTT 등의검사법이 유용할 수 있겠다.
Energy-saving optimization on active disturbance rejection decoupling multivariable control
Ding Da-Min,Yang Hai-Ma,Liu Jin,Zhang Da-Wei,Jiang Xiao-Hui 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.3
An industrial control process multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) coupled system is analyzed in this study as an example of a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) simulation system. Ordinary control algorithms can complete the steady state of the control system and even reduce the response time to some extent, but the entire system still consumes a large amount of energy after reaching the steady state. So a multivariable decoupled energy-saving control method is proposed, and a novel energy-saving function (economic function, Eco-Function) is specially designed based on the active disturbance rejection control algorithm. Simulations and LOCA simulation system tests show that the Eco-function algorithm can cope with the uncertainty of the multivariable system's internal parameters and external disturbances, and it can save up to 67% of energy consumption in maintaining the parameter steady state.
Intracutaneous Delivery of Gelatins Reduces Fat Accumulation in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue
An, Sung-Min,Kim, Min Jae,Seong, Keum-Yong,Jeong, Jea Sic,Kang, Hyeon-Gu,Kim, So Young,Kim, Da Som,Kang, Da Hee,Yang, Seung Yun,An, Beum-Soo Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2019 Toxicological Research Vol.35 No.4
Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) accumulation is a constitutional disorder resulting from metabolic syndrome. Although surgical and non-surgical methods for reducing SAT exist, patients remain non-compliant because of potential adverse effects and cost. In this study, we developed a new minimally-invasive approach to achieve SAT reduction, using a microneedle (MN) patch prepared from gelatin, which is capable of regulating fat metabolism. Four gelatin types were used: three derived from fish (SA-FG, GT-FG 220, and GT-FG 250), and one from swine (SM-PG 280). We applied gelatin-based MN patches five times over 4 weeks to rats with high-fat diet (HD)-induced obesity, and determined the resulting amount of SAT. We also investigated the histological features and determined the expression levels of fat metabolism-associated genes in SAT using hematoxylin and eosin staining and western blotting, respectively. SAT decreased following treatment with all four gelatin MN patches. Smaller adipocytes were observed in the regions treated with SA-FG, GT-FG 250, and SM-PG 280 MNs, demonstrating a decline in fat accumulation. The expression levels of fat metabolism-associated genes in the MN-treated SAT revealed that GT-FG 220 regulates fatty acid synthase (FASN) protein levels. These findings suggest that gelatin MN patches aid in decreasing the quantity of unwanted SAT by altering lipid metabolism and fat deposition.
Causes and treatments of Diarrhea in laboratory cynomolgus monkey
Da-Hee Kim,Seong-Hyun Kim,Ji-Woo Jang,Ji Min Park,Ji-Woon Lee,Pill-Soo Lee,Bo-Kyung Kim,Doo-Wan Cho,Su-Cheol Han,Young-Su Yang 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
Diarrhea is a commonly observed health problem in laboratory monkeys and it was related to numerous factors such as infection (bacteria, viruses, and parasitic organism), nutritional, and/or psychologic factors. We herein report cases of diarrhea cause and treatment and the data were obtained from approximately 400 monkeys, aged 2-6 years, at our laboratory between 2020 and 2021. Diarrhea is most often observed in the case of changes the diet and rearing environment during quarantine. It is observed in about 10-20% of all animals, and this symptom may resolve naturally within 7 days. At this time, feeding probiotics such as lactic acid-producing bacteria or providing additional fruit helps to improve symptoms quickly. However, some individuals show signs of thinning and dehydration as these symptoms continue, and rectal prolapse was happen in severe cases. In this case, fluid therapy and surgical correction are necessary. Protozoan infection such as Balantidium and Giardia also occurs occasionally, and in this case, treatment with metronidazole and paromomycin was helpful. In addition, stress or unknown causes may occur, and in this case, methods such as group housing of 2-3 animals or symptomatic therapy (Lactobacillus feeding, diet control, behavior enrichment) can be considered. Maintaining the animal"s health is important for accurate interpretation of results and this article may lead to better management of diarrhea among monkeys in laboratory facilities.
Yang, Hyeri,Kim, Da-eun,Jang, Won-Hee,An, Susun,Cho, Sun-A,Jung, Mi-Sook,Lee, Ji Eun,Yeo, Kyung-Wook,Koh, Sang Bum,Jeong, Tae-Cheon,Kang, Mi-Jeong,Chun, Young-Jin,Lee, Su-Hyon,Lim, Kyung-Min,Bae, Seun Pergamon 2017 Toxicology in vitro Vol.39 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Here, we report the results of a prevalidation trial for an <I>in vitro</I> eye irritation test (EIT) using the reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium, MCTT HCE™. The optimal cutoff to determine irritation in the prediction model was established at 35% with the receiver operation characteristics(ROC) curve for 126 substances. Within-lab(WL) and between-lab(BL) reproducibility was tested for 20 reference substances by 3 participating laboratories. Viability data described by mean±SD or ±1/2 difference between duplicate wells, and scatter plots, demonstrated the WL/BL consistency. WL/BL concordance with the binary decision, whether non-irritant or irritant was estimated to be 85–95% and 95%, respectively. WL/BL reproducibility of viability data was further supported by a strong correlation(ICC, <I>r</I> >0.9). WL/BL agreement of binary decisions was also examined by Fleiss' Kappa statistics, which showed a strong level of agreement (>0.78), nevertheless weaker than the reproducibility of the viability. The EIT with MCTT HCE™ exhibited a sensitivity of 82.2% (60/73), a specificity of 81.1% (43/53), and an accuracy of 81.8% (103/126) for 126 reference substances (for liquids; a sensitivity of 100% (47/47), a specificity of 70.6% (24/34), and an accuracy of 87.7% (71/81), and for solids, a sensitivity of 50% (13/26), a specificity of 100% (19/19), and an accuracy of 71.1% (32/45), suggesting that the accuracy is satisfactory but the sensitivity needs improvement, which shall be addressed through correcting the poor sensitivity for solid substances in future full validation trials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MCTT™ HCE EIT employing water-soluble formazan WST-1, demonstrated a performance comparable to other RhCEs. </LI> <LI> Within- and between-lab reproducibility for 3 labs with 20 chemicals were 85–95% and 95% respectively. </LI> <LI> Predictive capacity for 126 chemicals was sensitivity 82.2%, specificity 81.1% and accuracy 81.8% </LI> </UL> </P>