Stimulated Release of Size‐Selected Cargos in Succession from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

Wang, Cheng,Li, Zongxi,Cao, Dennis,Zhao, Yan‐,Li,Gaines, Justin W.,Bozdemir, O. Altan,Ambrogio, Michael W.,Frasconi, Marco,Botros, Youssry Y.,Zink, Jeffrey I.,Stoddart, J. Fraser WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Angewandte Chemie Vol.124 No.22

<P><B>Zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe</B>: Die kovalente Bindung von β‐Cyclodextrin (gelb; siehe Bild) an mesoporöse Siliciumdioxid‐Nanopartikel (MSNs) ergibt ein duales Freisetzungssystem, das mit unterschiedlich großen Wirkstoffen (blaue und rote Kugeln) beladen werden kann, die sich auf verschiedene Stimuli hin nacheinander freisetzen lassen. Die kleineren Moleküle werden durch Absenken des pH‐Wertes freigesetzt, die größeren nach Abspaltung der Cyclodextrine von der MSN‐Oberfläche.</P>

Manganese-cobalt hexacyanoferrate cathodes for sodium-ion batteries

Pasta, Mauro,Wang, Richard Y.,Ruffo, Riccardo,Qiao, Ruimin,Lee, Hyun-Wook,Shyam, Badri,Guo, Minghua,Wang, Yayu,Wray, L. Andrew,Yang, Wanli,Toney, Michael F.,Cui, Yi The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.4 No.11

<P>Prussian Blue analogues (PBAs) have shown promise as electrode materials for grid-scale batteries because of their high cycle life and rapid kinetics in aqueous-based electrolytes. However, these materials suffer from relatively low specific capacity, which may limit their practical applications. Here, we investigate strategies to improve the specific capacity of these materials while maintaining their cycling stability and elucidate mechanisms that enhance their electrochemical properties. In particular, we have studied the electrochemical and structural properties of manganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCFe) and cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCFe) in an aqueous, sodium-ion electrolyte. We also studied manganese-cobalt hexacyanoferrate (Mn-CoHCFe) solid solutions with different Mn/Co ratios that combine properties of both MnHCFe and CoHCFe. The materials have the characteristic open-framework crystal structure of PBAs, and their specific capacities can be significantly improved by electrochemically cycling (oxidizing and reducing) both the carbon-coordinated Fe and the nitrogen-coordinated Co or Mn ions.<I>In situ</I>synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies and<I>ex situ</I>soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with an in-depth electrochemical characterization provide insight into the different electrochemical properties associated with the Fe, Co, and Mn redox couples. We show that cycling the C-coordinated Fe preserves the crystal structure and enables the outstanding kinetics and cycle life previously displayed by PBAs in aqueous electrolytes. On the other hand, the N-coordinated Co and Mn ions exhibit a slower kinetic regime due to structural distortions resulting from the weak N-coordinated crystal field, but they still contribute significantly towards increasing the specific capacity of the materials. These results provide the understanding needed to drive future development of PBAs for grid-scale applications that require extremely high cycle life and kinetics.</P>

Effects of imatinib mesylate on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (acetaminophen) in Korean patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia

Kim, Dong‐,Wook,Tan, Eugene Y.,Jin, Yu,Park, Sahee,Hayes, Michael,Demirhan, Eren,Schran, Horst,Wang, Yanfeng Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 British journal of clinical pharmacology Vol.71 No.2

<P> <B>WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT</B> </P><P>• Imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, exhibits a weak competitive inhibition on paracetamol (acetaminophen) <I>O</I>‐glucuronidation with an inhibition constant (<I>K</I><SUB>i</SUB>) value of 59 µ<SMALL>m</SMALL>. However, the clinical significance of the inhibition has not been evaluated. The pharmacokinetics of imatinib have been studied in white patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), but not in Korean patients with CML.</P><P> <B>WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS</B> </P><P>• Imatinib (400 mg once daily) had no clinically relevant effect on the plasma exposure and the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (1000 mg once daily) in patients with CML.</P><P>• The pharmacokinetic profile of imatinib in Korean patients with CML was similar to that in whites.</P><P><B>AIMS</B> The major objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of imatinib on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML).</P><P><B>METHODS</B> Patients (<I>n</I>= 12) received a single oral dose of acetaminophen 1000 mg on day 1 (control). On days 2–8, imatinib 400 mg was administered daily. On day 8 (treatment), another 1000 mg dose of paracetamol was administered 1 h after the morning dose of imatinib 400 mg. Blood and urine samples were collected for bioanalytical analyses.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B> The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) for paracetamol, paracetamol glucuronide and paracetamol sulphate under control conditions was similar to that after treatment with imatinib; the 90% confidence interval of the log AUC ratio was within 0.8 to 1.25. Urinary excretion of paracetamol, paracetamol glucuronide and paracetamol sulphate was also unaffected by imatinib. The pharmacokinetics of paracetamol and imatinib in Korean patients with CML were similar to previous pharmacokinetic results in white patients with CML. Co‐administration of a single dose of paracetamol and multiple doses of imatinib was well tolerated and safety profiles were similar to those of either drug alone.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B> The pharmacokinetics of paracetamol and its major metabolites in the presence of imatinib were similar to those of the control conditions and the combination was well tolerated. These findings suggest that imatinib can be safely administered with paracetamol without dose adjustment of either drug.</P>

Brief History of Neurosurgical Spine Societies in the United States: Part 2

Sasha Vaziri,Praveen V. Mummaneni,Michael Y. Wang 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.2

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Clinical effectiveness of mindfulness-based music therapy on improving emotional regulation in blind older women: A randomized controlled trial

Sunny H.W. Chan,Meryl Y.C. Cheung,Armstrong T.S. Chiu,Mimi H.T. Leung,Michael C.C. Kuo,Donald Y.C. Yip,Carole C.Y. Hui,Sally W.I. Kam,King Yeung,Doreen S.P. Mui,Shu-Mei Wang,Calvin C.K. Yip 한국한의학연구원 2023 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.12 No.4

Background: This study aimed to investigate clinical effectiveness of a structured eight-week mindfulness-based music therapy (MBMT) program on improving mood regulation in older women with blindness. This investigation compared a MBMT group with a mindfulness intervention (MI) group and a control group. Methods: Ninety-two older females with blindness from a residential setting in Hong Kong were recruited and randomly allocated to a MBMT (n = 31), MI (n = 30), or control (n = 31) group. Psychological measurements regarding mood regulation and general mood states (namely, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale [DERS], Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS], and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21), were taken at pretest and posttest. Outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment. Results: Data was analyzed based on intention-to-treat basis. At posttest, DERS scores in the MBMT group (mean differences and 95% confidence interval: 12.1, 5.5 to 18.8) and the MI group (7.2, 0.5 to 13.8) were lower than that in the control group. GDS scores in the MBMT group (2.9, 1.7 to 4.0) and the MI group (1.7, 0.6 to 2.9) were lower than those in the control group. Compared with the MI group, the MBMT group improved emotional awareness sub-scores in DERS (2.1, 0.2 to 4.1) and appeared to lower depression in GDS scores (1.1, -0.0 to 2.3; p = 0.053). Conclusion: MBMT seems more beneficial than MI alone for improving emotional regulation in older women with blindness. The combination of mindfulness and music can generate a synergetic effect by enhancing both attention and appraisal components within the emotional-regulation process. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05583695.

Less Opioid Consumption With Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF): A Comparison to Standard Minimally-Invasive TLIF

Hsuan-Kan Chang,Meng Huang,Jau-Ching Wu,Wen-Cheng Huang,Michael Y. Wang 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.1

Objective: The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is relatively new to the neurosurgical field. The introduction of an ERAS protocol in lumbar fusion surgery has aimed to accelerate patient recovery from surgery by reducing in-hospital opioid consumption. Methods: Patients with 1- or 2-level degenerative lumbar spine disease and who underwent ERAS transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ general demographic data, in-hospital opioid dosage (converted to morphine equivalents), and hospital stay were compared to those who underwent standard minimally-invasive (MIS)-TLIF. Results: Twenty-four patients who received ERAS TLIF (the ERAS group) were compared to a series of 24 patients who received standard MIS-TLIF (the MIS group). The demographic data were similar. The operation time and blood loss significantly favored ERAS TLIF. The average daily opioid consumption was remarkably lower in the ERAS group than the MIS group. Average opioid dosage throughout the entire in-hospital period was also significantly reduced in the ERAS group compared to the MIS group. The average length of hospital stay was substantially shorter in the ERAS group (1.4±1.13 days vs. 4.0±1.98 days, p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a significant decline in the consumption of opioids and in the hospital length of stay for patients undergoing ERAS TLIF for 1- or 2-level degenerative lumbar spine disease.

Minimally-Invasive versus Conventional Repair of Spondylolysis in Athletes: A Review of Outcomes and Return to Play

John Paul G. Kolcun,Lee Onn Chieng,Karthik Madhavan,Michael Y. Wang 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.5

Spondylolysis from pars fracture is a common injury among young athletes, which can limit activity and cause chronic back pain. While current literature has examined the relative benefits of surgical and conservative management of these injuries, no study has yet compared outcomes between conventional direct repair of pars defects and modern minimally invasive procedures. The goals of surgery are pain resolution, return to play at previous levels of activity, and a shorter course of recovery. In this review, the authors have attempted to quantify any differences in outcome between patients treated with conventional or minimally invasive techniques. A literature search was performed of the PubMed database for relevant articles, excluding articles describing conservative management, traumatic injury, or high-grade spondylolisthesis. Articles included for review involved young athletes treated for symptomatic spondylolysis with either conventional or minimally invasive surgery. Two independent reviewers conducted the literature search and judged articles for inclusion. All studies were classified according to the North American Spine Society standards. Of the 116 results of our initial search, 16 articles were included with a total of 150 patients. Due to a paucity of operative details in older studies and inconsistencies in both clinical methods and reporting among most articles, little quantitative analysis was possible. However, patients in the minimally invasive group did have significantly higher rates of pain resolution (p <0.001). Short recovery times were also noted in this group. Both groups experienced low complication rates, and the majority of patients returned to previous levels of activity. Surgical repair of spondylolysis in young athletes is a safe and practical therapy. Current literature suggests that while conventional repair remains effective, minimally invasive procedures better clinical outcomes. We await further data to conduct a more thorough quantitative analysis of these techniques.

The Role of Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

John Paul Kolcun,Lee Onn Chieng,Karthik Madhavan,Michael Y. Wang 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.6

Dynamic spinal cord compression has been investigated for several years, but until the advent of open MRI, the use of dynamic MRI (dMRI) did not gain popularity. Several publications have shown that cervical cord compression is both static and dynamic. On many occasions the evaluation of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is straightforward, but patients are frequently encountered with a significantly worse clinical examination than would be suggested by radiological images. In this paper, we present an extensive review of the literature in order to describe the importance of dMRI in various settings and applications. A detailed literature review was performed in the Medline and Pubmed databases using the terms “cervical spondylotic myelopathy”, “dynamic MRI”, “kinetic MRI”, and “myelomalalcia” for the period of 1980-2016. The study was limited to English language, human subjects, case series, retrospective studies, prospective reports, and clinical trials. Reviews, case reports, cadaveric studies, editorials, and commentaries were excluded. The literature search yielded 180 papers, 19 of which met inclusion criteria. However, each paper had evaluated results and outcomes in different ways. It was not possible to compile them for meta-analysis or pooled data evaluation. Instead, we evaluated individual studies and present them for discussion. We describe a number of parameters evaluated in 2661 total patients, including dynamic changes to spinal cord and canal dimensions, transient compression of the cord with changes in position, and the effects of position on the intervertebral disc. dMRI is a useful tool for understanding the development of CSM. It has found several applications in the diagnosis and preoperative evaluation of many patients, as well as certain congenital dysplasias and Hirayama disease. It is useful in correlating symptoms with the dynamic changes only noted on dMRI, and has reduced the incidence of misdiagnosis of myelopathy.

Gene-Edited Human Kidney Organoids Reveal Mechanisms of Disease in Podocyte Development : Podocyte Development and Disease in Organoids

Kim, Yong Kyun,Refaeli, Ido,Brooks, Craig R.,Jing, Peifeng,Gulieva, Ramila E.,Hughes, Michael R.,Cruz, Nelly M.,Liu, Yannan,Churchill, Angela J.,Wang, Yuliang,Fu, Hongxia,Pippin, Jeffrey W.,Lin, Lih Y AlphaMed Press, Inc. 2017 Stem Cells Vol. No.

National Trends and Correlates of Dysphagia After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Surgery

Roberto J. Perez-Roman,Evan M. Luther,David McCarthy,Julian G. Lugo-Pico,Roberto Leon-Correa,Steven Vanni,Michael Y. Wang 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is the most common performed surgery in the cervical spine. Dysphagia is one of the most frequent complications following ACDF. Several studies have identified certain demographic and perioperative risk factors associated with increased dysphagia rates, but few have reported recent trends. Our study aims to report current trends and factors associated with the development of inpatient postoperative dysphagia after ACDF. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was evaluated from 2004 to 2014 and discharges with International Classification of Diseases procedure codes indicating ACDF were selected. Time trend series plots were created for the yearly treatment trends for each fusion level by dysphagia outcome. Separate univariable followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of dysphagia. Results: A total of 1,212,475 ACDFs were identified in which 3.3% experienced postoperative dysphagia. A significant increase in annual dysphagia rates was observed from 2004–2014. Frailty, intraoperative neuromonitoring, 4 or more level fusions, African American race, fluid/electrolyte disorders, blood loss, and coagulopathy were all identified as significant independent risk factors for the development of postoperative dysphagia following ACDF. Conclusion: Postoperative dysphagia is a well-known postsurgical complication associated with ACDF. Our cohort showed a significant increase in the annual dysphagia rates independent of levels fused. We identified several risk factors associated with the development of postoperative dysphagia after ACDF.