Impaired Autoproteolytic Cleavage of mCLCA6, a Murine Integral Membrane Protein Expressed in Enterocytes, Leads to Cleavage at the Plasma Membrane Instead of the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Melanie K. Bothe,Achim D. Gruber,Lars Mundhenk,Carol L. Beck,Matthias Kaup 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.33 No.3

CLCA proteins (calcium-activated chloride channel regulators) have been linked to diseases involving secretory disorders, including cystic fibrosis (CF) and asthma. They have been shown to modulate endogenous chloride conductance, possibly by acting as metalloproteases. Based on the differential processing of the subunits after post-translational cleavage, two subgroups of CLCA proteins can be distinguished. In one subgroup, both subunits are secreted, in the other group, the carboxy-terminal subunit possesses a transmembrane segment, resulting in shedding of only the amino-terminal subunit. Recent data on the post-translational cleavage and proteolytic activity of CLCA are limited to secreted CLCA. In this study, we cha-racterized the cleavage of mCLCA6, a murine CLCA pos-sessing a transmembrane segment. As for secreted CLCA, the cleavage in the endoplasmic reticulum was not observed for a protein with the E157Q mutation in the HEXXH motif of mCLCA6, suggesting that this mutant protein and secreted CLCA family members share a similar autoproteolytic cleavage mechanism. In contrast to secreted CLCA proteins with the E157Q mutation, the uncleaved precursor of the mCLCA6E157Q mutant reached the plasma membrane, where it was cleaved and the amino-terminal subunit was shed into the supernatant. Using crude membrane fractions, we showed that cleavage of the mCLCA6E157Q protein is zinc-dependent and sensitive to metalloprotease inhibitors, suggesting secondary cleavage by a metalloprotease. Interestingly, anchorage of mCLCA6E157Q to the plasma membrane is not essential for its secondary cleavage, because the mCLCA6∆TME157Q mutant still underwent cleavage. Our data suggest that the processing of CLCA proteins is more complex than previously recognized.

Needle Placement: A Guide to Predictable Sensory and Motor Responses Based on Variations in Needle Placement During Sacral Neuromodulation Procedures

Melanie Crites-Bachert,Casey Clark 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2019 International Neurourology Journal Vol.23 No.4

Purpose: Providing practitioners with an adjunctive guide that will aid implanters in the ability to predict and, immediately recognize, what suboptimal needle placement looks like (based on visualization of needle/lead placement and the patient’s sensory and motor responses), allow cultivation of a more complete and comprehensive level of understanding of the sacral neuromodulation procedure as a whole, and inversely provide a guide for what true optimal needle/lead placement should currently demonstrate (based on current International Continence Society guidelines). Methods: More than 400 patients underwent sacral neuromodulation procedures from 2011–2018 by a practitioner who is in the top 5% of implanting physicians in the United States. Common stimulation patterns with motor and sensory responses were observed in patients with suboptimal needle placement intraoperatively. Results: Reproducible stimulation patterns were observed with common suboptimal needle placement intraoperatively. This allowed the implanting practitioner to immediately identify and correct the needle placement intraoperatively to achieve optimal needle placement and optimal motor and sensory responses for the patients. Conclusions: By considering the 3-dimensional spatial trajectory of the S3 nerve, and following this presented guide, the most optimal lead placement with consistently reproducible outcomes that include S3 motor and sensory response on all 4 leads at less than, or equal to, 2 volts can be achieved and can potentially maximize the life of the device while potentially affording patients a more successful outcome.

Antimicrobial effects of vetiver oil and its application on packaging material applied by dip coating method

( Melani Lili ),박정윤,이진희,김형진 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Paper and boards are the most widely materials used in food and drinks packaging. Recently, the paper and boards are usually coated by other polymer to increase the shelf-life or enhance safety while maintaining the quality of products, and it is known as active packaging. Active packaging has become one of the major topic of food packaging research areas. Using natural essential oils as coating materials could be considered, it more friendly and do not have any significant effect to environment. In this work, hand-sheets was treated with antimicrobial coating solution based on vetiver oil-hydrophobic starch and applied by dip coating method. This work was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity on that hand-sheets and physical properties.

STUDY OF AN ECOLOGICAL VIEW OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN PHILIPPINES

Melanie G. Riva(리바),Virgilio U. Manzano(만자노),Kim, Gun Do(김건도) 한국아시아학회 2022 아시아연구 Vol.25 No.4

수세기동안 철학자들과 심리학자 그리고 다중언어학자들은 우리 인류가 어떻게 언어를 쉽고 빠르게 습득하여 완는지 연구하고 논쟁해 왔다. 언어심리학자들은 4가지 주요 언어습득 이론들 행동주의론, 생득설주의론, 구성주의론 그리고 사회상호작용주론 등을 제시하고 있다. 언어습득은 인간에게 내재된 선천적 본능 능력에 의해 언어습득이 이루어진다는 논리와 주어진 환경적 요인 속에서 주요한 역활들을 통해 언어가 자연스럽게 습득된다는 논리사이에서 주목 할 만한 논쟁을 펼쳐왔다고 하겠다. 언어 습득과 발달에 대한 생태학적 조망은 언어습득과정의 초반기 진행되는 양상에 대한 관점들로 유아기 아기와 유아의 언어환경 사이에서 상호작용을 통해 긴박한 결과들로 습득된다고 보는 것이다. 본 연구는 Urie Bronfenbrenner의 생태학적 연구모델을 활용하여 성장기 어린이의 다른 환경속에서 언어습득 과정을 조망해 보기 위한 시도이다. 또한 사례 연구를 활용하여 성장기 아동 학습자가 생태환경의 다른 조건수준에서 상호 작용을 통해 어떻게 모국어와 다양한 언어 공동체 안에서 다른 언어를 습득해 왔는지 조망하였다. 결론적으로 생태학적시스템 이론 적용은 가장 가까운 주변부(미시적)로부터 가장 먼쪽(거시적) 환경까지 주변 환경의 다양한 수준에서 영향들을 받는다는 것이다. 관계망 안에서 어린이가 위치되면서 어린이의 언어습득과 발달에 영향을 미치고 있다고 하겠으며 생태학적 이론 적용은 아동의 언어 발달에 환경적인 영향들을 포괄적으로 조망하는 관점들을 제시하는 것으로 사료된다. For centuries, philosophers, psychologists, and linguists have debated how we acquire language with such ease and speed. Psycholinguistics proposes four major theories of language acquisition - behaviorism, nativism, constructivism, and social interactionism. The acquisition of language has been a remarkable argument between nature, which is anchored on the belief that language is an innate ability, and nurture, wherein the environment plays an important role in the process of acquiring language. An ecological view of language acquisition and development views that the early phases of the language acquisition process are an emergent consequence of the interaction between the infant and its linguistic environment. This paper is an attempt to examine language acquisition using the ecological model of Urie Bronfenbrenner which focuses on the different environments of the developing child. Using a single case study, we examined how a learner acquired her first language and how she learned other languages in a language-diverse community through interactions with the different levels of her ecological system. Ecological systems theory provides a comprehensive framework of environmental influences on the development, including the child’s language acquisition and development, by situating a child within a system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment from the most proximal (microsystem) to the most distal (macrosystem) levels.

Context and Culture in Language Learning and Teaching

Melanie Vandenhoven 대한영어교육학회 2003 Korea TESOL Journal Vol.6 No.1

Spasm, stenosis and shelves: balloon-assisted tracking techniques in endovascular interventions

Melanie Walker,Louis J Kim,Michael R Levitt,Basavaraj Ghodke 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2020 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.22 No.1

The technique of balloon-assisted tracking (BAT) has been demonstrated in transradial cardio-angiographic procedures. Using three commonly encountered clinical scenarios, we outline the technical details of BAT for managing peripheral and cerebral interventions with challenging vascular access. We describe methods used to overcome vasospasm, stenosis and vascular shelves during interventions for acute ischemic stroke, but these issues are not unique to neuroendovascular cases and the techniques can be applied across all endovascular interventions. We present three acute stroke interventions where anatomic challenges were overcome with the use of endovascular BAT. This article describes a novel application for BAT techniques in endovascular interventions to assist with access in peripheral, cervical and intracranial vessels. These methods can also be used to improve access during diagnostic cerebral angiography. BAT is a useful adjunct when navigating catheters through vasospasm, tortuous anatomy, vascular step-offs or intraluminal plaques.

Effect of Dry Strength Agent on Tissue Properties

( Melani Lili ),김형진 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0

Main properties of tissue paper are absorbency, strength, and softness. Softness can’t be easily quantified to other paper properties such as strength and absorption. Softness can be categorized as bulk and surface softness, bulk softness is the perception when crumpling tissue by hand while surface softness is perception when finger running over the surface of tissue paper. It is reported that softness is a balance between surface smoothness, bulk, and stiffness. Dry strength is a physical property determined by a paper’s ability to maintain the paper web structure and integrity while being used. A sheet’s dry strength is mainly due to fiber-to fiber bonding which typically hydrogen bonding. In this study, dry strength agent was added to pulp stock for manufacturing tissue by different concentration. Furthermore, tissue properties was evaluated based on addition of dry strength agent.

Surface Friction Measurement of Facial Tissue Paper

( Melani Lili ),박나영,고영찬,김형진 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1

Preferences and Defaults for Definiteness and Number in Japanese to German Machine Translation

( Melanie Siegel ) 한국언어정보학회 1996 국제 워크샵 Vol.1996 No.-

A significant, problem when translating Jpanese dialogues into Ger-man is the missing information on number and definiteness in the Japanese analysis output. The integration of the search for such information into the transfer process provides an efficient solution. General transfer rules, prefer-ence rules and default rules are combines. The transfer includes conditions to make it possible to consider external knowledge. Thereby, grammatical and lexical knowledge of the source language, knowledge of lexical restric-tions on the target language, domain knowledge and discourse knowledge are accessible.

Production of Cellulose-based Nonwoven Fabric-like Materials from Wood Fiber

Melani Lili(릴리 멜라니),Na Young Park(박나영),Hyoung Jin Kim(김형진) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2019 한국펄프·종이공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.10